2013年考研英语-阅读理解一

2013Text1Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther.(film电影；version版本；译本；倒转术；devil魔鬼；折磨；prada普拉达(奢侈品品牌)；scold责骂；叱责；unattractive不吸引人注意的；assistant助手；辅助的)2006电影版的《时尚女魔头》中，MerylStreep所饰演的MirandaPriestly在斥责其平凡乏味的助手，原因是她认为高级时尚与己无关。Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant’ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.(descend下降；遗传；下去；bargain交易；契约；讨价还价；bin箱子；容器；garment衣服；服装；外表；外观)Priestly解释了助手身上毛衫的深蓝色多年来是如何从时装展屈尊至百货店，再沦落到打折区的，而这个可怜女孩儿身上的衣服无疑掏自最后一站。Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn’tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswiththefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,EliazabethCline’sthree-yearindictmentof“fastfashion”.(conception怀孕；概念；设想；开始；odds几率；胜算；不平等；差别；odd奇怪；怪人；奇数的；剩余的；feverish发热的；极度兴奋的；describe描述；形容；描绘；indictment起诉书；控告)“时尚业乃自上而下”这一观念早已过时，或者说和《着装过度》一书（Cline历时三年方完成的对“快时尚”的控诉）所描绘的狂热世界完全相悖。Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchasZara,H&M,andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.(advance发展；前进；增长；advise建议；劝告；allow允许；考虑；label标签；商标；anticipate预期；期望；抢先；precisely精确地；恰恰)最近大约十年，技术的进步使得大众品牌，如Zara，H&M，Uniqlo等，得以对时尚做出更快的反应，对需求进行更精准的预测。Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.(inventory存货；详细目录；frequent频繁的；常到；release释放；发布；让与)更快的周转意味着更少的库存浪费和更频繁的推新，即更多的利润。Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable—meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat—andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.(conscious意识到的；故意的；disposable可任意处理的；可自由使用的；用完即可丢弃的；advertise通知；为做广告；使突出；wardrobe衣柜；行头)这些品牌鼓励那些有时尚意识的消费者将衣服视为一次性衣物——只用来穿一两水，虽然它们并非如此宣扬——并隔不了几周就更新一次衣橱。Byofferingon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.(offer提议；出价；意图；item项目；条款；dirt-cheap毫无价值的；brand商标；牌子；烙印；铭记；hijack劫持；威逼；敲诈；揩油；cycle循环；周期；自行车；shake摇动；哆嗦)通过以极低的价格提供流行时髦的衣物，这些品牌已经绑架了时尚周期，撼动了一个长久以来习惯于以“季”为步伐的产业。Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.当然，这一改变的受害者不仅限于设计师。ForH&Mtooffera$5.95knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.(knit编织；结合；volume量；体积；卷；strain张力；拉紧；负担；扭伤；滥用；massive大量的；巨大的；厚重的；魁伟的)H&M若要在其全球总共2300多家店内提供5.95美元的针织迷你裙，必须依靠低薪的海外劳动力以及造成自然资源过度使用的批量订单，并大量使用有害化学物质。Overdressedisthefashionworld’sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan’sTheOmnivore’sDilemma.(activist积极分子；激进主义分子；omnivore杂事动物；不偏食的人；dilemma困境；进退两难)《着装过度》是与像MichaelPollan所著的《Omnivore’sDilemma》一样的消费者活跃分子（所著的）在时尚界的同类畅销书。“Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetisnon-durableandwasteful,”Clineargues.(mass大量；民众；块；群；fill填充；non-durable不耐用物品；durable耐用的；持久的)“批量生产的服装如同快餐，虽填补了饥饿和需求，却无法持久，造成了浪费，”Cline如是认为。Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsayear—about64itemsperperson—andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadstowaste.(roughly粗糙地；概略地；garment衣服；服装；外表；外观；excess超过；额外的；过量的；过度)她发现，美国人每年大约购入200亿件衣服——平均每人约64件——且无论他们捐出多少，这种过量都会造成浪费。TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarahKateBeaumont,whosince2008hasmadeallofherownclothes—andbeautifully.(toward向；introduce介绍；引进；提出；ideal理想；典范)在《着装过度》临结尾处，Cline推出了她的典范，一位名为SarahKateBeaumont的Brooklyn女性，她从2008年起就亲手制作自己所有的衣服——且做得很漂亮。ButasClineisthefirsttonote,ittookBeaumontdecadestoperfecthercraft;herexamplecan’tbeknockedoff.(craft工艺；手艺；精巧地制作；example例子；knockoff击倒；停工；中断)但正如被Cline首次注意到，Beaumont花了几十年时光来完善自己的技能；她的做法不可能被轻松复制。Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactonlaborandtheenvironment—includingH&M,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline—Clinebelieveslastingchangecanonlybeeffectedbythecustomer.(curb抑制；路边；控制；conscious故意的)尽管数家快时尚公司已经在努力控制他们对劳动力及环境的影响——包括推出绿色产品系列的H&M——Cline依然相信持久的变化只能来自顾客。Sheexhibitstheidealismcommontomanyadvocatesofsustainability,beitinfoodorinenergy.(exhibit证据；展览；显示；idealism唯心主义；理想主义；materialism唯物主义；matter物质；原因；时间；advocate提倡；主张；拥护；律师)她表现出可持续发展倡导者（无论是食品领域还是能源领域）共有的理想主义。Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan’taffordnotto.(vanity虚荣心；空虚；浮华；constant不变的；恒定的；经常的)虚荣是永恒的，只有在无法支付不可持续性购物时，人们才会开始可持续性购物。Questions1.Priestlycriticizesherassistantforher_____.Priestly斥责助手是因为她____。A)insensitivitytofashion对时尚不敏感B)obsessionwithhighfashion痴迷于高级时尚C)poorbargainingskill议价能力差D)lackofimagination缺乏想象力2.AccordingtoCline,mass-marketlabelsurgeconsumersto____.Cline认为，大众品牌力劝消费者____。A)combatunnecessarywaste反对不必要的浪费B)shopfortheirgarmentsmorefrequently更频繁地购买服装C)resisttheinfluenceofadvertisements抵制广告的影响D)shutoutthefeverishfashionworld将狂热的时尚界拒之门外3.Theword“indictment”(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto____.indictment一词（第二段第二行）含义最接近于____。A)tolerance容忍B)indifference漠视C)enthusiasm热情D)accusation谴责4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?从最后一段中可推知下列哪项内容？A)Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists.虚荣更常见于理想主义者。B)Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability.快时尚业忽略了可持续性。C)Pricingisvita