草甘膦活性和助剂

(,215301),,30520%,30(),19995(),25,4181,19951998630,,1980,,40,6,(20),,,41%(Roundup)7417%,41%7517%,,12,5--3(EPSP),(),,(25112%),,,,,,,,500g/L,300g/L,30g/L,4300g/L,(Ca,Fe,AlZnMn),,,,,(),,,,,22,,211,(),,,,0.001m,1412(2002),,41%(Roundup)15%Mon,,I1C1I38%,Touchdown,3,,4,50(15%,10%),,,,,,41%,212,19932Mon44068,,,1.45kg/L,(),747(WSG)74.7%20%,,13mm,,,,,,7517%7617%,,,,(WSG),,,,3,,,5--34::(1);(2);(3),,311,,,,5,,,6,7312,,()()3.2.1(EO)15(TA15EO),(APG),10114(APG10)8,1g/L5,5g/L78;APG10,,Ruiteretal.9,2PESTICIDESVol141No12(2002)8EO(NP8EO)TA15EO,,TA15EONP8EO,,3.2.2,,,,10,,,pH,,11(30mN/m),129EO(A9EO)TA15EO,A9EO(616)TA15EO(316)2,2,2448,(3%,75.7%7516%)(2015%,94.2%9715%)TA15EOA9EO312.3,,,,,;,1314,,15,,StingCT(120g/L)WDG,Roundup,20EO(SE20EO),3.2.4,Sherricketal.16TA20EO24h,(HLB)16,,;TA20EO,,,TA20EO,,17,,EO,174,,,TA20EORenex688,,146h,,14,,,,,-183412(2002)19,20,,,:(1);(2);(3);(4);(5);(6),:4.1,,EO,,:C,C(812)O,C(18)S,C(1618)T,C(1618),TA20EO(Mon0818)41%,,,4.2(APG)21,90Henkel,AgrimalPG,4.360,80,,22;,,SilwelL-77,,51999Hampshire,JosephJ.CruddenBarryA.Cullen,N-,,4%280ga.i./hm2,139817%,91%,8913%,9313%,,,,:(1);(2);(3),;(4),,,(EO1520)1Knowles,D.A.Trendsinpestcideformulations.London,UK,2001211,1997,36(3):29313(Touchdown)1,1992,2:594PESTICIDESVol141No12(2002)4ComaiL,FacciottiDetal.ExpressioninplantsofmutantaroAgenefromsalmonellatyphimuriumconferstolerancetoglyphosate.Nature(London)1985,317:7417485HollowayPj.Physicochemicalfactorsinfluencingtheaddjuvant-enhancedsppraydepositionandcoverageoffoliage-appliedagro2chemicals,inInteractionsbetweenAdjuvants,AgrochemicalsandTargetOrganisms,edbyHollowayPJ,ReesRTandStockD,Springer-Verlag,Berlin,1994.831056CombellackJH.Adjuvanttechnologychallengesandopportunities.ProcFifthInternatSympAdjuvantsforAgrochemicals,Volume,1998.16227LeaperC.Rationalapproachestothedesignofformulatiionsofglyphosatemono(isopropylammonium).PhDthesisUniversityofBristol,UK,19968HoyleER,HayesALandHollowayPJ.Somestructure-adjuvan2cyrelationshipsforalkylpolyglycosides.ProcFifthInternatSympAdjuvantsforAgrochemicals,Volume1.1998.61669DeRuiterH,UffingAJM,MeineneandPrinsA.Influenceofsur2factantsandplantspeciesonleafretentionofspraysolutions,WeedSci,1990,38:56757210FieldRJandBishopNG.Promotiionofstomatalinfiltrationofglyphosatebyanorgaosliconesurfactantreducesthecriticalrain2fallperiod,PestcSci,1988,24:556211BukovacMJ,LeonJM,CooperJA,WhitmoyerRE,ReichardDLandBrazee,RD.Spraydroplet:plantsurfaceinteractionandde2positformationinrelationtosurfactantsandsprayvolume.ProcfourthInternatSympAdjuvantsforAgrochemicals.1995.17718512GaskinREandHollowayPJ.Somephysicochemicalfactorsinflu2encingfoliaruptakeenhancementofglyphosate-mono(ispropy2lammonium)bypolyoxyethylenesurfactants,PesticSci,1992,34:19520613BaylisAD.Whyglyphosateisaglobalherbicide:strengths,weak2nessesandprospects.PestManagSci,2000,56:29930814ThelenKD,JacksonEPandPenner.Thebasisforthehardwaterantagonismofglyphosateactivity.WeedSci,1995,42:54154815JoostRE.Benefitsandmodeofactionofnitrogenfertilizersasadjuvants.ProcFifthInternatSympAdjuvantsforAgrochemi2cals,Volume1,1998,25926616SherrickSl,HoltHAandHessFD.AbsorptionandtranslocationofMON0818adjuvantinfieldbindweed.WeedSci,1986,34:81782317StockDetal.Surfactant-enhancedfoliaruptakeofsomeorganiccompunds:interactionswithtwomodelpolyxyethylenealiphaticalcohols.PesticSci,1992,34:23324518WyrillJBandBurnsideOC.Glyphosatetoxicitytocommonmilk2weedandhempdogbaneasinfluencedbysurfactants.WeedSci,1977,25:27528719AmoldKAetal.Improvedbytheadditionoffattyacid.PesticSci,1993,38:27027120AalkRH,GuggenheimRandSchulkeG.Surfactant-inducedphytotoxicity.WeedSci,1994,36:2912952111(5)1199911912211,1998,12(2):5456GlyphosateActivityandAdjuvantsHuaNaizhen(JiangsuRotamChemistryCo.,Ltd,Kunshan215301)Abstract:Glyphosateisapesticidewiththefastestgrowthinworld.Thispaperdescribesglyphosatepropertyandmainformulation.Adjuvantsusedtoenhancethebiologicalactivity,aswellasrecentlytomakeuseofadjuvantsintheglyphosatearediscussedindetail.Keywords:glyphosate,adjuvant,formulation,surfactants,biologicalac2tivity.:20011101222002,1958,1995,,,,,,,8100,12,96100,,:,:110021::,:,:33010025092490030-685412(2002)