上海牛津高二英语第二学期unit5language-points

MorereadingLivinginharmonyLanguagepointsImportantPhrasesFindouttheEnglishphrasesfortheminthepassage.1.意识到2.对…的威胁3.以负责的态度4.支持5.采取行动6.支持这项事业7.薄薄的一层8.保护…免遭9.在南极10.部分的11.被认为是…12.进一步研究13.被释放到…14.转到，转变成beawareofthreatstotheenvironmentinaresponsiblemannerbeinfavouroftakeactionsupportthecauseathinlayerofprotect…from…intheAntarcticinpartbeconsidered…furtherresearchinto…bereleasedinto…switchtoImportantsentencesFindoutthesentencesinthepassageandstudythem.1.Readthisleafletdescribingonewayinwhichyoucanhelptheenvironment.inwhich引导定语从句youcanhelptheenvironment修饰先行词way，此句中的inwhich也可以换成that，或省略不用。正误辨析：应在which前加in或将which改为that或去掉。Idon’tlikethewaywhichyouspeaktoher.归纳：在定语从句中，有些特殊名词作先行词时其关系词的选取有一定的特殊性，如way作先行词时，其引导词可用that或inwhich或省略，如例11；与way相似的还有job，situation，point，case等作先行词时，关系词常用where或inwhich。Idon’tcareforpay.IjustwanttogetajobthatIcanbegreatlyvalued.——where/inwhichTheway____thewatermoleculeisformedgiveswateritsuniqueproperties.A.howB.whatC.thatD.bywhich【解析】当先行词为theway时，that可以作为特殊的关系副词（且可省略），等同于inwhich引导定语从句，且在从句中作状语。C(1)alltheway(2)bytheway(3)innoway(4)intheway(5)Noway！(6)onone’sway/thewayto一路上；自始至终；完全顺便说一点也不；决不(置于句首时，主句要部分倒装)挡道；碍事[俚]别想！没门！在……路上---Ithinkheistakinganactivepartinsocialwork.---Iagreewithyou______.(2007年陕西卷)A.inawayB.onthewayC.bythewayD.intheway【解析】此题考查介词短语的含义。inaway在某种程度上；ontheway在……路上，即将成为……；bytheway在主要话题或交谈中用以插入题外的话或问题，常译为“顺便问一下”；intheway阻碍。A2.Weareallawareofthemanythreatstotheenvironmentandtheneedtoactinaresponsiblemannertoprotecttheworldwhichweallshare.be/becomeawareof对……知道，明白；意识到……①Mostpeople____________thedangersofdrivingafterdrinking.大多数人知道酒后开车的危险。②Idon’tthink______________howimportantthismeanstome.我想你还不知道这对我有多重要。areawareofyou’reawareof①beawarethatclause知道，体会到……②makesb.awarethat...提醒某人注意……③makesb.awareof...使某人注意到……④asfarasI’maware据我所知He________________somethinghadbeenstolen.他发觉东西被偷了。becameawarethatMostparentsarenot_____thedangeroftheirbabies’eatingjelly，whichcausesmostunfortunateincidentstohappen.A.wellawaretoB.veryawareofC.awarethatD.wellawareof【解析】考查形容词用法。空白处后面不是句子，故排除C项；aware后面接of，故排除A项；另外表示“清醒地，充分地认识到”时，表语形容词aware的修饰语应使用well，不用very。D3.Manypeoplesaythattheyareinfavourofthe“greenmovement”.infavourof赞成，支持①Areyou__________________oragainstcloning?你赞成克隆行为还是反对克隆行为？②Ispoke___________________.我发言赞同这项计划。infavourofcloninginfavouroftheplan①Couldyou______________andturnoffthelight?请帮忙把灯关掉好吗？②Couldyou_______________topickupSamfromschooltoday?今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗？domeafavourdomethefavourMysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas______it.A.infavourofB.inmemoryofC.inhonourofD.insearchof【解析】本题考查介词短语的辨析。此处while表示转折对比，against表示反对。故选用infavourof表示“赞成”。B表示“为纪念”；C表示“为了向……表示敬意”；D表示“寻找”，均不合题意。A4.AroundtheEarththereisathinlayerofozone,akindofgasprotectingusfrommanyoftheharmfulraysoftheSun.protectingusfrommanyoftheharmfulraysoftheSun是现在分词短语作gas的后置定语。protect…fromsth.(保护)使……免于①Heraisedhisarmto___________________________.他举起手臂护住脸，以免被一拳打中。②Youngplantsshould____________________thecold.幼苗必须很好地保护以免受冻。protecthisfacefromtheblowbewellprotectedfromprevent...from...,keep...from...,stop...from...和protect...from...的用法①prevent...from...,keep...from...还有stop...from...的意义都是：阻止...做...或阻止某事的发生。②而protect...from...是表示保护...不受伤害。③prevent...from...和stop...from...用在主动语态中from可以省略。keep...from...在表示此意时，from不可以省略。keep...doing是使...处在...状态中的意思。④prevent...from...,keep...from...还有stop...from...这三个句式中from后面的动词与from前面的词构成动宾关系时，后面用动名词的被动形式。①Wemust_________________thewaterfrombeingpolluted.②What______________________himfromcominghere.③Youhadbetterwearsunglassesto______youreyesfromthesun.④Iamsorrytohave______youwaiting.⑤Theheavyrain______usfromcomingontime.prevent/stop/keepprevented/stopped/keptprotectkeptkept---Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?---Noyet.Therooms_____.A.arebeingpaintedB.arepaintingC.arepaintedD.arebeingpainting5.FurtherresearchintotheproblemshowedthattheozonelayerisbeingdestroyedbygasescalledCFCs.isbeingdestroyed是现在进行时态的被动结构，表示某事正在遭受破坏。ADanielisplayingcomputergames.WhatisDanieldoing?Simonisplayingfootball.WhatisSimondoing?Computergamesarebeingplayed.Footballisbeingplayed.Rainforests_____andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.(2002上海春季)A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut【解析】该句的意思为“雨林正在以如此快的速度被砍伐和烧毁以至于在不久的将来它们就会消失。”从语境中可以看出应该使用现在进行时。况且进行时可以表达出说话人的一种特殊的情感。说话人是想呼吁人们停止乱砍乱烧雨林，给人们提出的一种警告。C6.Tohelpsavetheozonelayer,manymanufacturershavestoppedproducingaerosolcansthatuseCFCs.Tohelpsavetheozonelayer是动词不定式做状语，表示目的。help常用短语：①helpsb.out帮助某人渡过难关/摆脱困境②helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事③help(to)dosth.帮着做某事④helponeselfto自用(食物)；擅自取用①Myfriends____________whenIlostmyjob.当我下岗时朋友帮我渡过难关。(2)can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事cannothelpbutdosth.不得不做某事，只得做某事②I___________________whathappenedtothatlittlegirl.我忍不住想知道那个小女孩出了什么事。③I_______________admitheisright.我不得不承认他是对的。helpmeoutcan’thelpwonderingcannothelpbut1.Thepassengershadachatwiththecollegestudents____asconductorsduringthesummervacation.A.helpoutB.helpedoutC.tohelpoutD.helpingout【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。动词不定式作后置定语表示一个将要发生的动作，过去分词表示一个已经发生了的被动的动作，故B、C两项均不符合题意。句意为：旅客们同那几个在暑假临时帮忙充当列车员的大学生聊天。D2.I’llneverforgetMrSmith,_____helpweha