大学英语四级阅读练习题及答案十五

Thefridgeisconsiderednecessary.Ithasbeensosincethe1960swhenpackagedfoodlistappearedwiththelabel:Storeintherefrigerator.InmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,1wasfedwellandhealthy.Themilkmancameeveryday,thegrocer,thebutcher(肉商),thebaker,andtheice-creammandeliveredtwoorthreetimeseachweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayandsurplus(剩余的)breadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswasted,andwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearsonfooddeliverieshaveceased,freshvegetablesarealmostunobtainableinthecountry.Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation.Manywell-triedtechniquesalreadyexisted--naturalcooling,drying,smoking,salting,sugaring,bottling...Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing---marketinghardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesofanimalsaroundtheworldinsearchofagoodprice.Consequently,mostoftheworld’sfridgesaretobefound,notinthetropicswheretheymightproveuseful,butintherichcountrieswithmildtemperatureswheretheyareclimaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,millionsoffridgeshumawaycontinuously,andatvastexpense,busilymaintaininganartificially-cooledspaceinsideanartificially-heatedhouse--whileoutside,natureprovidesthedesiredtemperaturefreeofcharge.Thefridge’seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeennotimportant.Ifyoudon’tbelieveme,tryityourself,investinafoodcabinetandmmoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmaynoteatthehamburgers(汉堡包),butatleastyou’llgetridofthatterriblehum.练习题：Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:1.ThestatementInmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily.suggeststhat______.A.theauthorwaswell-fedandhealthyevenwithoutafridgeinhisfifties.B.theauthorwasnotaccustomedtofridgeseveninhisfifties.C.therewasnofridgeintheauthor’shomeinthe1950s.D.thefridgewasinitsearlystageofdevelopmentinthe1950s.2.Whydoestheauthorsaythatnothingwaswastedbeforetheinventionoffridges?A.Peoplewouldnotbuymorefoodthanwasnecessary.B.Foodwasdeliveredtopeopletwoorthreetimesaweek.C.Foodwassoldfreshanddidnotgetrotteneasily.D.Peoplehadeffectivewaystopreservetheirfood.3.Whobenefitedtheleastfromfridgesaccordingtotheauthor?A.Inventors.B.Consumers.C.Manufacturers.D.Travellingsalesmen.4.Whichofthefollowingphrasesinthefifthparagraphindicatesthefridge’snegativeeffectontheenvironment?A.“Humawaycontinuously”.B.“Climaticallyalmostunnecessary”.C.“Artificially-cooledspace”.D.“Withmildtemperatures”.5.Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudetowardfridges?A.Neutral.B.Critical.C.Objective.D.Compromising.1.[C]句意理解题。由句中的childhood可知，fifties指的应该是50年代，而不可能是50多岁，据此可排除A、B;fridgeless是合成词，由词根fridge冰箱”和表示否定的后缀-less组成，由可推断其意为“无冰箱的，故C正确。2.[D]事实细节题。在第2段中，说到“不会浪费东西”前，作者指出把吃剩的面包和牛奶做成蛋糕，以防止浪费，故D正确。A、C在文中并未提及，排除;B所述并非不浪费食物的原因，也可排除。3.[B]观点态度题。综观全文，作者对认为冰箱不是必备品，最后一段更明确指出，它对人类幸福的贡献微不足道，故可推断，消费者从冰箱中获益最少，故B正确。4.[A]词义理解题。A中的hum指发出嗡嗡声,表明冰箱产生的嗓音，是对环境的负面作用，故正确。B、D只是指出冰箱在实际上没有必要使用的地区却被广泛使用;C仅说明冰箱是对人工加热房间的影响，并不能说明其对环境的影响，故排除。5.[B]观点态度题。考査作者的观点，可根据文中细节得出答案。第3段首提到，冰箱对保存食物没有多大贡献，最后一段首则指出它对环境的影响已是显而易见的，这些细节都表明作者对冰箱持批评态度。