Lesson-3-Inaugural-Address-就职演讲

InauguralAddress(January20,1961)J.F.KennedyAims•1.culturalandhistoricalbackground:PresidentJFK;theColdWar;USPresidentialelection•2.thelanguagefeaturesofKennedy’saddress•3.thecharacteristicsofpoliticalspeech:explain;convince;persuade•4.thestructureofthisaddress•5.Linguistics-relatedknowledge:rhetoricaldevices;•6.languagepoints:wordsandexpressionsTeachingContents1.BackgroundInformationJ.F.KennedyInauguralAddressThesocialbackgroundPurposeofapoliticalspeechFeaturesofthispoliticalspeech2.Detailedstudyofthetext3.Organizationalpattern4.Featuresofthispoliticalspeech5.Rhetoricaldevices6.ExercisesBackgroundInformationJohnFitzgeraldKennedy•Kennedy,35thpresident,Democrat,wasbornonMay291917inBrookline,MA,thesonofJosephPatrickKennedy,financier,wholaterbecameambassadortoGreatBritain.•HeenteredHarvard,receivedaBacherofScience理学士fromHarvard1940.HeservedintheNavyandwontheNavyandMarineCorpsMedal.•JosephP.KennedywithsonsJoeJr.andJack•JosephP.KennedyoncewasreportedtohavesaidthatJoewillbethepresidentoftheU.S.ButJoewaskilledwhilepilotingabomberinWWIIandtheleadershipoftherisingKennydygenerationpassedtoJohnKennedy.JohnFitzgeraldKennedyJohnFitzgeraldKennedy•1936-1940inHarvardUniversity•1941-1945militaryservice1947-1952servedasrepresentativeinthecongress1952electedtothesenate1960HewontheDemocraticnominationforpresidentanddefeatedRichardM.Nixon,Republican.(1961-1963)theyoungestmaneverelectedtothepresidency,aneloquentspeakerAspresident,hefacedtheCivilRightsproblemathomeandCubacrisisof1962.JohnFitzgeraldKennedy•EventsduringhispresidencyincludedtheBayofPigsInvasion,theCubanMissileCrisis,theSpaceRace—byinitiatingProjectApollo(whichwouldculminateinthemoonlanding),thebuildingoftheBerlinWall,theAfrican-AmericanCivilRightsMovement,andincreasedU.S.involvementintheVietnamWar.JohnFitzgeraldKennedy•TheKennedyfamilyinHyannisPort,Massachusetts,in1963.JohnFitzgeraldKennedy•HisassassinationatDallasinNovember1963wasashockfromwhichtheU.S.hasfoundithardtorecoverandthemurderisstillariddle.JohnFitzgeraldKennedyJohnFitzgeraldKennedy•KennedywasassassinatedinDallas,TexasonNovember22,1963.LeeHarveyOswaldwasaccusedofthecrimeandarrestedthatevening.JackRubyshotandkilledOswaldtwodayslater,beforeatrialcouldtakeplace.TheFBIandtheWarrenCommissionofficiallyconcludedthatOswaldwastheloneassassin.TheUnitedStatesHouseSelectCommitteeonAssassinations(HSCA)众议院遇刺案特别委员会concludedthatthoseinvestigationswereflawedandthatKennedywasprobablyassassinatedastheresultofaconspiracy.Thesocialbackground•Coldwarissth.whichmarksthesituationin1960's.Theworldismainlydividedintotwohostilecamps.1)socialistcamp--headedbytheSovietUnion2)capitalistcamp--headedbytheUS–Thecampsopposedeachotherpolitically.•Thefocusoftheaddressisonforeignpolicy.Themessageisclear.TheU.S.,theself-appointedleaderofthefreedemocraciesispreparedtopayanypricetodefandhumanrightsandtheliberatyandindependenceoffreenations.•OnJanuary20,1961,J.F.Kennedymadehisinauguraladdresstohisfellowcitizens.InauguralAddressPurposeofapoliticalspeech•topersuade•toexplain•toconvincepeopletoaccepthispointofview,toacceptwhathesayssoastosupporthimDetailedstudyofthetext---Para.1•Weobservetodaynotavictoryofpartybutacelebrationoffreedom•1)observe:tocelebrate•TheinaugurationtodayisnottocelebratethevictoryoftheDemocraticPartyoverRepublicPartyinthepresidentialelection.Itcelebratesthefreedomofpeopletoelecttheirownheadofstatefreely.Detailedstudyofthetext---Para.1•--symbolizinganend,aswellasabeginning--signifyingrenewal,aswellaschange.•Itsymbolizestheendofonepresidentialterm(thatofEisenhower)andthebeginingofanewterm(thatofKennedy);Thepresidencyortheofficeofpresidentisrenewed(continued)andthepresidenthaschanged.(fromEisenhowertoKennedy)Detailedstudyofthetext---Para.1•Weobservetodaynotavictoryofparty,butacelebrationoffreedom--symbolizinganend,aswellasabeginning--signifyingrenewal,aswellaschange.•今天我们庆祝的不是政党的胜利，而是自由的胜利。这象征着一个结束，也象征着一个开端，表示了一种更新，也表示了一种变革。Detailedstudyofthetext---Para.1•ForIhaveswornbeforeyouandAlmightyGodthesamesolemnoathourforebearsprescribednearlyacenturyandthree-quartersago.•1)thesamesolemoath:TheOathofOfficeofthePresidentoftheUnitedStates:“IdosolemnlyswearthatIwillfaithfullyexecutetheofficeofPresidentoftheUnitedStates,andwilltothebestofmyability,preserve,protectanddefendtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.”我郑重宣誓（或郑重声明），将忠实地执行美国总统职务，竭尽全力，恪守、维护和捍卫合众国宪法。”•2)prescribe:setdown–Youhavenorighttoprescribehowothersshouldbehave.•3)acenturyandthree-quartersago:thefirstpresidentialoathwastakenbyGeorgeWashingtononApril30,1789.Detailedstudyofthetext---Para.1•ForIhaveswornbeforeyouandAlmightyGodthesamesolemnoathourforebearsprescribednearlyacenturyandthree-quartersago.•因为我已在你们和全能的上帝面前，宣读了我们的先辈在170多年前拟定的庄严誓言。Detailedstudyofthetext---Para.2•Formanholdsinhismortalhandsthepowertoabolishallformsofhumanpovertyandallformsofhumanlife.•1)mortal:(poetic)belongingtoahumanbeing;ofman;fatal•besubjecttodeath•Manhasmadegreatprogressinscienceandtechnologysohehasthepowertoabolish/getrideofpoverty,buthealsohasthepowertodestroyhumanlife.Detailedstudyofthetext---Para.2