亮度的计算汇总

发光器件的测量1NRCINMSPARMeasurementCourse2Web3Instruments光度学和辐射度学的基本概念A辐射能通量（辐射功率Ψ，单位：瓦W）辐射能通量的谱密度辐射能通量的谱密度：dd)(d0)(视见函数定义：当λ=555nm时，V=1实验表明：0004.05.2103WWV555)(Vλ=400nma光通量光源发出的辐射能通量通过视见函数的权重因子折合成对人眼起作用的有效视觉强度称为光通量。单位：流明lm有：)(V或者：dVKdm)()(dVKm)()(最大光功当量，WlmKm/6831lumen=1/683Wat555nmFromaquantummechanicperspectiveofphotonflowrateandphotonenergy(E)at555nm(m)wavelengthradiation(m/s)lightofvelocity(Hz)radiationoffrequencyJsconstantsPlank'hwhere10582.310555/1000.31026.6/199834vfJhvhfE)/(10087.410582.3/10464.1:toscorrespondthis/10464.1)(683/1)(1151933sphotonsnsJorWWlmThisiswhat1lumenisequivalentto.b发光强度和B辐射强度点光源发光强度ddI，单位：坎德拉，srlmcd111其中2RdSd点光源dr辐射强度ddI，其中2RdSd，srWsrW11/1单位：srW/RadiometricIntensityistheradiometricfluxdensity(watts)persteradian(W/sr)Photometric(luminous)intensityistheluminousfluxdensitypersteradianexpressedincandellas.ExponentialIntensitySource:profilesradiationpatternsofLEDs,bothwideandandnarrowbeamwidths.nOIIcosWherenistheradiationexponentc亮度和C辐射亮度亮度：coscos*dSdddSdIdSdIB单位：或)/(2srmlm)/(2srcmlm扩展光源法线ndSdSdr辐射亮度：coscos*dSdddSdIdSdIB单位：)/(2srmW，)/(2srcmWd照度和D辐射照度(光)照度定义：''dSdE，单位：lux,lx辐射照度定义：单位：W/m22/1mmlxwattspersquaremeter''dSdE，点光源的照度22'cos''cos''''rIrdSIdSdSIddSdE21rE'cosE，d点光源法线nSdr面光源的照度22'coscos'cos'cos'cos'rBdSdSdSrdSBdSBdd2'coscos''rBdSdSddESdSrBE2'coscos注意：（a）通常情况下光强的概念与这里的辐射照度的概念一致，单位是W/cm2。（b）照度是接收的概念，发光强度和亮度是发射的概念。SomeTypicalLuminanceAndRadianceLevelsSourceReceiverDA=aread视见函数400500600700800011.8Wavelength,nmPhotopicSensitivityyThiscurveshowstherelativesensitivityoftheeye.Toconverttophotometricunitsfromradiometric,multiplyby683LumensPerWattColor:TristimulusValues•DescribeEye’sResponsetoColor•BasedonColorMatchingExperiments•SmallNumberofObservers•LinesareApproximationsSpectralradianceLe(λ),theusualunitsareWatt/steradian/m2/nmPR-705Radiance(watts/sr/m2)3802.846e-0033821.285e-0023842.987e-0023863.336e-0023881.459e-0023901.739e-0023921.675e-0023944.251e-0033961.720e-0023982.580e-0024002.076e-0024025.027e-0034041.362e-0024063.447e-0024083.644e-0024105.342e-0024128.716e-0024141.359e-0014161.861e-0014182.458e-0014203.686e-001PhotometryObserver:2degreesLuminance(cd/m2)8.138e+004Luminance(fl)2.375e+004ScotopicY(cd/m2)9.670e+004ScotopicY(fl)7.025e+004Pho.Transmit.(%)N/APho.Reflect.(%)N/APho.Opt.DensityN/APho.AbsorptanceN/AObserver:10degreesLuminance(cd/m2)9.088e+004Luminance(fl)2.652e+004Pho.Transmit.(%)N/APho.Reflect.(%)N/APho.Opt.DensityN/APho.AbsorptanceN/ARadiometryRadiance(watts/sr/m2)3.393e+002PhotonRad.(photons/sr/m2/sec)8.782e+020Rad.Transmit.(%)N/ARad.Reflect(%)N/ARad.Opt.DensityN/ARad.AbsorptanceN/AChromaticityObserver:2degreesX9.101e+004Y8.138e+004Z1.832e+005CCT91020MK-111.0u-vDev-0.0153x0.2559y0.2289u0.1956v0.2623u'0.1956v'0.3935Observer:10degreesAvantes光纤光谱仪一个光子的能量：E=hc/（J）其中h=Planck’sconstant(6.626×10-34Js)c=Speedoflight(2.998×108ms-1)=Wavelength(m)一个焦耳的光子数thenumberofphotonsperjouleis:（innm）×5.034×10151mol=6.02308×1023(NumberofAvogadro)1µmol=6.02308×1017单位换算1[µWatt/cm2]=1[µJoule/s/cm2]=0.01[Joule/s/m2]＝0.01×(nm)×5.034×1015/6.02308/1017[μMol/(sm2)]=(nm)×0.0000835785[μMol/(sm2)]Thephotoncountdistribution[µMol/(sm2nm)]showsthephotonfluxreceivedpersquaremeter.Otherphotoncountunitsthatcanbecalculatedfromthisare:•[µMol/(snm)]photonfluxreceivedatdiffusersurface•[µMol/(m2nm)]photonsreceivedpersquaremeterduringoneintegrationcycle•[µMol/nm]photonsreceivedatdiffusersurfaceduringoneintegrationcycleIlluminance曲线[lm/m2或lux]=测量的Irradiance曲线[µWatt/cm2]×0.01×683×视见函数Photometry文件的表中：Illuminance值＝Illuminance曲线下积分（380nm－780nm）LuminousFlux(r探头收到的)[Lumen]=Illuminance曲线[lm/m2]积分×探头接收面积[m2]单色仪透射谱测量Transmittance反射谱测量Reflectance吸收谱测量Absorbance人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力，明辨是非的能力。所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读，古人说“书中自有黄金屋。”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识，培养逻辑思维能力；通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平，培养文学情趣；通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操，给我们巨大的精神力量，鼓舞我们前进。