中国传统文化简介-英文

ABriefIntroductiontoChineseTraditionalCulture中国传统文化简介华中师范大学研究生会国交部华中师范大学国际文化交流学院TheChineseZodiacandDragon（十二生肖和龙）Clothing（服装）EmperorYanandHuang（炎帝和黄帝）ChineseInventions（中国的发明）FamousChinesePeople（中国的名人）EmperorYanandHuangEmperorHuangandYanChinahasalonghistoryofMorethan5,000yearsofcivilization!TheEmperorYanandHuangareconsideredasourcommonancestors.EmperorHuangandYanEveryyear,ontheTomb-sweepingDay(usuallyonApril5th）,thousandsofChinesepeoplecomebackfromallovertheworldtothetomboftheiroldestancestorsinShaanxiprovincetoparticipatetheannualmemorialceremony..ChineseZodiacandDragonChineseZodiacTheChineseZodiac(生肖)consistsoftwelveanimalsigns,eachrepresentingayearaccordingtothelunarcalendar.Thetwelveanimalsignsare:Rat;Ox;Tiger;Rabbit;Dragon;Snake;Horse;Sheep;Monkey;Chicken;DogandPig.Theorderoftheanimalsisoftenexplainedwithafolk-taleabouthowtheanimalsweresummoned（召唤）toheavenbytheJadeEmperor.Thedragon,astheonlyanimalofthetwelvethatcouldfly,wasexpectedtoarrivefirst.Butthedragon’snatureistobehelpful,andhestoppedtohelpsomevillagersandthentherabbit,sohewasthefifthanimaltoarrivefortheJadeKing'sfeast.ThisyearistheyearofMonkey!!!WhatisyourChineseZodiac?DragonWealsobelievethatwearethedescendantsoftheDragon.TheimagesofthemythicDragoncanbefoundonmanyobjects.DragonThedragonhasninesons.Theninedragonhavedifferentthemes,andtheyallhavedifferentversionstoo.Oneversionis:The1stsonlovesmusic.TheheadofNumber1sonbecomesadecorationformusicinstrument,suchastwo-stringedbowedviolin(囚牛huqin).The2ndsonlovesfighting.ManydifferenthandlesofweaponshavethesymbolofNumber2son.(睚眦yazi)The3rdsonlovesadventureandkeepingguard.Hehasprestigeandisthesymbolofsafety,harmonyandpeace.(嘲风chaofeng)The4thsonloveshowling.TheimageofNumber4soncanbefoundonthebigbells.Itisasymbolofprotectionandalertness.(蒲牢pulao)The5thsonlovesquietness,sitting,fireandsmoke.Hisimageisoftenfoundintemples,suchasonincenseburners.(狻猊suanni)DragonThe6thsonhasthepowerofstrength.Helovestocarryheavystufftoshowoffhismagicenergy.Heisasymboloflongevityandgoodluck.(霸下baxia)The7thsonlovestoseekjustice.Chineseliketoapplyhissymbolaroundlaw,court,orjail.(狴犴bigan)The8thsonlovesliterature.Chineseliketoputthe8thsonasasymbolaroundsteles（石碑）.Whenusedinthisway,itisasymbolofknowledgeoreducation.(负质fuzhi)The9thsonloveswater.Heisasymboltopreventfiredisasters.(螭吻chiwen)DragonDragoninWesternCultureCanyoumakeacomparisonbetweenChineseDragonandWesternDragon?ClothingClothingChinesegarmentdesignhasundergoneaverylonghistoryofevolution,therehavebeenalotsofdifferentstyles.Qipao,thetypicalChinesewoman’sdress,wasoriginatedfromManchurianwomen’sgown,andhasbeenremoldedagainandagaintomeetthemoderntaste.ClothingWhilemosturbanChinesemenandwomenhaveglobalizedtheirdailydressings,someremoteethnicminoritiesstillhavekepttheirbeautifultraditionalgarments.ClothingSilkisaChineseinvention.Silkisoneoftheoldestknowntextilefibersand,accordingtoChinesetradition,wasusedaslongagoasthe27thcenturyBC.ThesilkwormmothwasoriginallyanativeofChina,andforabout30centuriesthegatheringandweavingofsilkwasasecretprocess,knownonlytotheChinese.Clothing嫘祖（西陵氏之女）Leizu:thefounderofSericulture.Accordingtosomeancientstory,Leizu,thewifeofEmperorHuang,wasthefirstwomanwhobegintoraisesilkworms.ClothingThehistoricaltraderoutebetweenChinaandtheWestwascalledthe“theSilkRoad.”TheSilkRoadwasnotatraderoutethatexistedsolelyforthepurposeoftradinginsilk;manyothercommoditieswerealsotraded,fromgoldandivorytoexoticanimalsandplants.Ofallthepreciousgoodscrossingthisarea,silkwasperhapsthemostremarkableforthepeopleoftheWest.ChineseInventionsChineseInventionsCompassisveryimportantintravelingoutside,andthisisjustagreatinventionofChinese.Thecompasscomposedofamagneticspoonandacopperplatewithorientationmarks.Turnthespoonandletitrunning,whenitstops,thehandleofitwillpointstotheSouth.ChineseInventionsCaiLun(Ts‘aiLun,蔡伦)(?-121),wasaChineseeunuchwholivedaroundAD105oftheEasternHanDynasty.Heistheinventorofpaper.Forpapermaking,hetriedmaterialslikebark,hemp,andevenfishingnet.TheinventionofpaperisagreatcontributiontotheworldmadebyChinesepeople!ChineseInventionsAnothergreatcontributionofChinaisthetechniqueofprinting.Thestereotypingwasappearedin11thcenturyoftheNorthSongDynasty,whichwas300yearsearlierthanGutenberg’stime.WhatisthefouthinventionofChina?FamousChinesePeopleFamousChinesePeopleConfucius(孔子)(circa551-479BC）ConfuciuswasaChineseteacher,editor,politician,andphilosopheroftheSpringandAutumnperiodofChinesehistory.ThephilosophyofConfuciusemphasizedpersonalandgovernmentalmorality,correctnessofsocialrelationships,justiceandsincerity.HisfollowerscompetedsuccessfullywithmanyotherschoolsduringtheHundredSchoolsofThoughteraonlytobesuppressedinfavoroftheLegalistsduringtheQinDynasty.FollowingthevictoryofHanoverChuafterthecollapseofQin,Confucius'sthoughtsreceivedofficialsanctionandwerefurtherdevelopedintoasystemknownasConfucianism.FamousChinesePeopleTheLunYü(Analects),aworkcompiledbysomeofConfucius’disciples,isconsideredtobethemostreliablesourceofinformationabouthislifeandteachings.知者乐水，仁者乐山。知者动，仁者静。知者乐，仁者寿。Thewi