我国中小企业融资困境与出路探析

武汉学院学生毕业论文题目：我国中小企业融资困境与出路探析指导教师：彭X傅XX职称：助教教授学生姓名：唐宇轩学号：080105XX专业：金融学年级：08级二〇一二年四月十日中南财经政法大学武汉学院毕业论文I摘要从第一次工业革命开始，每一次社会生产力的变革都催生着一批新的产业。自20世纪90年代以来，伴随着信息技术革命以及经济全球化而来的新经济时代使社会生产方式发生了巨大的变化，以计算机、通讯技术、信息产业为代表的高科技产业成为推动各国经济发展的主导力量，这就促使一大批中小型高科技企业如雨后春笋般地迅速形成和发展。中小企业，作为我国国民经济的重要组成部分，在社会经济发展中具有着许多大型企业无法替代的特殊的战略地位与社会功能。中小企业作为活跃市场的基本力量，在促进经济增长，增加就业以及促进再就业的过程中，发挥着重要的作用。中小企业的长期可持续发展离不开强有力的金融支持，虽然中小企业的发展问题在我国得到了前所未有的关注和重视，但是由于中小企业自身以及我国经济体制等多方面的原因，致使我国中小企业普遍面临着融资困难的问题，以及长期无法摆脱的处于夹缝中生存的窘境，这严重制约了我国中小企业的生存和发展。2007年以来的全球性的经济危机对我国中小企业产生了很大的震荡，部分中小企业因为资金匮乏，纷纷倒闭，从长远来看，融资困难已经成为阻碍我国中小企业发展的主要原因。在当前的经济发展形势下，采取切实有效的办法来解决中小企业融资问题是很值得我们去探讨的。本文着重研究了我国中小企业的融资现状以及存在的问题，通过探索解决办法，就如何改善中小企业融资难，融资渠道单一，资金渠道狭隘的现状、拓宽融资渠道提出了一些建议，希望能够为改善中小企业融资问题上提供一些参考，以解决我国中小企业融资难题，加快国民经济的健康发展。【关键词】：中小企业、融资、困境、对策中南财经政法大学武汉学院毕业论文IIAbstractSincethefirstindustrialrevolution,everychangeinsocialproductiveforceshasspawnedanumberofnewindustries.Since1990s,themodeofsocialproductionhaschangedgreatlybecauseoftheneweconomyerabroughtbytheinformationandtechnologyrevolutionandeconomicglobalization,high--techindustriesrepresentedbycomputers,communicationstechnologyandinformationindustrieshavebecomethemainforcestoimproveeconomydevelopmentineverycountry,andbothofwhichhaverapidlypromotedtheformationanddevelopmentofalargenumberofhigh--techSMEs.SMEs,animportantpartofChinesenationaleconomy,possessspacialstrategicpositionsandsocialfunctionswhichcannotbereplacedbylargeenterprises.Asbasicforcestoactivatethemarket,SMEsplayanimportantroleinpromotingeconomicgrowth,increasingemploymentandpromotingre--employment.Long--termsustainabledevelopmentofSMEscannotdowithoutstrongfinancialsupport.AlthoughunprecedentedattentionhasbeenpaidtothedevelopmentofSMEsinChina,theyarestillgenerallyfacedwithfinancingdifficultiesandcannotgetridofthelongexistingdilemmabecauseoftheirownproblemsandChineseeconomysystem,whichseverelyrestrictthesurvivalanddevelopmentofSMEsinChina.Theglobaleconomiccrisissince2007hasagreatshakeonSMEsinChina,manycompanieshavegonebankruptoriginatedfromalakeoffunds.Inlong--termview,financingdifficultieshavebecomethemainobstaclesofthedevelopmentofSMEsinChina.Inthecurrenteconomicsituation,takingeffectivemeasurestosolvefinancingproblemsofSMEsisworthexploring.ThisthesisfocusesonthecurrentsituationandexistedproblemsofSMEsinChina,andputsforwardsuggestionstoimprovethecurrentsituationsoffinancingdifficulties,singleandnarrowfinancingchannels,andtowidenfinancingchannelsbyexploringsolutions.Also,thisthesistendstoprovidereferencestoimprovefinancingsituationssoastosolvefinancingproblemsofSMEsinChinaandacceleratehealthydevelopmentofthenationaleconomy.【KeyWords】:SMEs,financing,perdicament,solution中南财经政法大学武汉学院毕业论文III目录摘要······································································································ⅠAbstract································································································Ⅱ1.绪论···································································································11.1本选题的研究背景及意义····································································11.2研究现状及文献综述··········································································22.中小企业融资理论·················································································22.1中小企业融资的概念及融资的分类························································22.2结合企业生命周期分析不同时期融资的不同特点······································43.我国中小企业经营发展中的融资问题分析·················································53.1政策倾向于大企业·············································································53.2融资困难·························································································63.3缺乏人才以及管理落伍·······································································64.中小企业融资困难的原因分析··································································64.1缺乏相应法规及信贷支持····································································64.2面向中小企业及民营企业的服务体系不完善···········································84.3中小企业的自身素质较差、管理不够科学···············································95.解决中小企业融资困境的对策及建议·························································95.1国家的相关扶持政策应落实到位··························································95.2金融机构应当给予中小企业融资支持····················································105.3中小企业要加强自身建设、拓展新的融资途径········································115.4借鉴外国解决中小企业融资困难的成功经验············································115.5解决我国中小企业融资困境的几点思考···················································126.结论····································································································13注释·····································································································14参考文献·······························································································15谢词·····································································································16中南财经政法大学武汉学院毕业论文11、绪论1.1本选题的研究背景及意义关于中小企业，世界各国有不同的定义，但主要是以企业的资本数额、雇员人数或销售额作为对企业分类的标准。国内对于中小企业的划分很长时间都没有完整的分类标准，基本上与世界主要国家的通行做法类