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当前位置:首页 > 行业资料 > 其它行业文档 > 语法精讲_虚拟语气和倒装
虚拟语气和倒装句定义虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式,同过动词的时态变化表示所说的内容只是一种假设、愿望、请求或者建议,不可能成为事实或可能性极小。Eg:如果他在这里,问题就会解决。(事实上他现在不在这里)Ifhewerehere,theproblemwillbesolved.虚拟语气的使用用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)用于倒装句用于wishi/suggest等后面的宾语从句中用于asif(though)引导的方式状语从句用于itistime的定语从句用于错综时间条件句用于含蓄条件句Incase,lest引导状语从句Wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldprefer的宾语从句用于主语从句Ifonly引导的句子中用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)与现在事实相反If主语+were/过去时,主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形Eg:ifIwereyou,Icouldleavehere.Eg:iftherainstoppednow,wewouldgoshopping.用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)与过去事实相反if主语+had+done,主语+should(would/could/might)+have+done.Eg:ifyouhadfinishedthework,weshouldhavegotthepayment.Eg:ifhehadn’tbeenlate,themeetingwouldhavebegun.用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)与将来事实相反或极不可能实现的情况if主语+should/wereto+do,主语+should(would/could/might)+do.Eg:ifIweretochooseanothertime,Iwouldnotcomehere.Eg:ifheshouldgotthemoney,hismotherwouldnotbesohard.虚拟语气的使用用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)用于倒装句用于wish/suggest等后面的宾语从句中用于asif(though)引导的方式状语从句用于itistime的定语从句用于错综时间条件句用于含蓄条件句Incase,lest引导状语从句Wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldprefer的宾语从句用于主语从句Ifonly引导的句子中倒装句定义:如果句子结构是“谓语+主语”的形式,这种句子就叫倒装句整个谓语放在主语前面叫作全部倒装谓语的一部分放在主语前面叫部分倒装Eg:Herecomesthecar.车来了(全部倒装)willyoucometomorrow?(部分倒装)倒装句There/here等副词放在句首需要完全倒装:这些副词包括:here,there,now,next,soon,then,thus…还有一类是动词词组中的副词:in,out,up,down..Eg:sooncametwopolicemen.Uprunthetemperature.温度在上升注意:当主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不变。如:hereyouare.倒装句地点放在句首,为使句子结构平衡,需要完全倒装:Inthestillnessoftheeveningcouldbeheardtheringingofadistantbell.在静夜里可以听见远处的钟声。OnonesideofthesquarestandstheGreatHallofthePeople.在广场的一边矗立着人民大会堂。部分倒装句一般疑问句要倒装Haveyoufinishedthework?Couldyouhelpme?So,nor,neither等置于句首,表示与前面所说的情况相似:Ilikehardchairs.SodoI.I’dmadeupmymind.SohadI.Iamnothungryyet.NoramI.部分倒装句用hardly,scarcely,nosooner…than,never,seldom,atnotime等词开头的句子。Scarcely(hardly)hadhegonewhentheceilingfell.他一走,天花板就掉下来了。Seldomdoeshecometoseehisgrandma.部分倒装句用hardly(scarcely)…when,nosooner…than,never,seldom,only,atnotime等词开头的句子。Scarcely(hardly)hadhegonewhentheceilingfell.他一走,天花板就掉下来了。Seldomdoeshecometoseehisgrandma.Neverdidhemakeasinglegrammarmistake.Onlyinthiswaycanyouhopetoimproveyourfinancialsituation.部分倒装句让步从句:1、形容词+as+主语+谓语,主语+谓语…Successfulasheis,heisnotconceited.2、谓语+whatever+主语,主语+谓语…Dowhateveryou,Iwon’tpreventyou.3、be+主语+补语,主语+谓语Beyourightorwrong,hewon’tapologizeforyou.表示祝愿句子倒装Mayyouandyourfamilybehappyinnewyear.祝愿你和家人在新的一年里快乐!倒装句中的虚拟语气虚拟条件从句:Eg:ifIhadthetime,Iwouldgototheparty.HadIthetime,Iwouldgototheparty.(虚拟语气)We’lljointhemfordinneriftheyshouldask.We’lljointhemfordinner,shouldtheyask.虚拟语气的使用用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)用于倒装句用于wish/suggest等后面的宾语从句中用于asif(though)引导的方式状语从句用于itistime的定语从句用于错综时间条件句用于含蓄条件句Incase,lest引导状语从句Wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldprefer的宾语从句用于主语从句Ifonly引导的句子中用于wish/suggest等后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气Suggest/insist(on)doingsthSuggest/insist+that从句(主语+动词原形)Hesuggestedthatwe(should)notgotoShanghairecently.Iinsistedthatheapologizeforme.和suggest类似的词还有request,desire,consider等。用于wish/suggest等后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气wish+that从句(主语+were/过去时)对现在虚拟Wish+that从句(主语+haddone)对过去虚拟Ididn’tgotoAmericalastyear.IwishIhadbeenthere.Iwish(that)hewerethere.虚拟语气的使用用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)用于倒装句用于wish/suggest等后面的宾语从句中用于asif(though)引导的方式状语从句用于itistime的定语从句用于错综时间条件句用于含蓄条件句Incase,lest引导状语从句Wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldprefer的宾语从句用于主语从句Ifonly引导的句子中用于asif(though)引导的方式状语从句用虚拟构成:asif主语+were/过去时(对现在虚拟)Asif主语+haddone(对过去虚拟)Eg:HetalkedlikethatasifhehadbeentoLondon.Shelovesmusicasifshewerelivingformusic.虚拟语气的使用用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)用于倒装句用于wish/suggest等后面的宾语从句中用于asif(though)引导的方式状语从句用于itistime的定语从句用于错综时间条件句用于含蓄条件句Incase,lest引导状语从句Wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldprefer的宾语从句用于主语从句Ifonly引导的句子中用于itistime的定语从句中的虚拟语气结构:itis/washigh/abouttimethat主语+were/过去式翻译:是该做…的时间了Itishightimethatwewenthome.Itwasabouttimethattheybegantowork.用于错综时间条件句当条件句的动作和主句动作的时间不一致;相应调整时态表示对不同时间的虚拟Eg:IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’thavemadesuchmistakeyesterday.Ifhehadn’tmadesuchmistakeyesterday,hewillwontheracetoday.虚拟语气的使用用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)用于倒装句用于wish/suggest等后面的宾语从句中用于asif(though)引导的方式状语从句用于itistime的定语从句用于错综时间条件句用于含蓄条件句Incase,lest引导状语从句Wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldprefer的宾语从句用于主语从句Ifonly引导的句子中用于含蓄条件句Without/butfor/butthat从句,主语+should/would/might/could/+doWithout/butfor/butthat从句,主语+should/would/might/could/+havedone要不是…,就….Eg:Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.Withoutwater,mencouldn’tliveontheearth.Incase,lest引导状语从句表示虚拟Incase/lest/forfearthat,主语+(should)+动词原形,表示“以防…”Eg:Takeyourraincoatincaseit(should)rain.带上雨衣,以防下雨。Theyhavebeenstudyinghardforfearthattheyfailintheexam.担心考试不过,他们一直在努力学习。虚拟语气的使用用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)用于倒装句用于wish/suggest等后面的宾语从句中用于asif(though)引导的方式状语从句用于itistime的定语从句用于错综时间条件句用于含蓄条件句Incase,lest引导状语从句Wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldprefer的宾语从句用于主语从句Ifonly引导的句子中Wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldprefer的宾语从句Wouldrather,wouldsooner,wouldprefer接主语+Iwouldpreferyoudidn’tstaytheretoolong我希望你在那儿别呆太久。Were/过去时haddoneShould/would/could/might+do虚拟语气的使用用于非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)用于倒装句用于wish/suggest等后面的宾语从句中用于asif(though)引导的方式状语从句用于itistime的定语从句用于错综时间条件句用于含蓄条件句Incase,lest引导状语从句Wouldrather,wouldsooner
本文标题:语法精讲_虚拟语气和倒装
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