弗洛伊德简介ppt

Name:SigmundFreud西格蒙德·弗洛伊德Nationality:AustrianInstitutions:UniversityofVienna维也纳大学I.BriefIntroductionofSigmundFreudSigmundFreudwasanAustrianneurologistwhofoundedthedisciplineofpsychoanalysis(精神分析学).LifeandcharacterSigmundFreudwasbornon6may1856intheMoraviantownofFreiberg,nowPriborintheCzechRepublic.Freud’smother,avivaciousandcharmingladywhosurviveduntiltheageof95,wasonly21whenFreudwasborn.Shewentontobear7otherchildren;butSigmund,referredtobyheras“meingoldenerSigi”,remainedherindisputablefavourite,onecircumstancetowhichFreudattributedhisinnerconfidence.In1938,hewascompelledtotakerefugefromNazis,andspentthelastyearofhislifeinEngland,dyingon23September1939,shortlyafterthebeginningoftheSecondWorldWar.FromOctober1885toFebruary1886heworkedattheSalpetrièreHospitalinParisunderthegreatneurologistCharcot,whoseteachingonhysteriaawokehisinterestintheproblemsoftheneuroses,asopposedtoorganicdiseasesofthenervoussystem.Fromthemid-1890sonward,Freud’slifebecomesthehistoryofdevelopmentofpsychoanalysis.Freudhimselfrecognizedthathispersonalitywasobsessionalasbeing“especiallyorderly,parsimoniousandobstinate”.InfantileSexualDevelopmentFreudcouchedhisstagesofinfantilesexualdevelopmentintermsofpartsofthebodyratherthanintermsofperception,cognition,learning,orattachment.The“oral”stage;The“phallic”stage;The“genital”stage;PersonalityIdEgoSuperegoHismajorworksTheInterpretationofDreams(《梦的解析》)ThreeEssaysonTheoryofSexuality(《性学三论》)IntroductiontotheAnalysisofSpirit(《精神分析引论》)Hispoints:本我(Id)自我(Ego)超我(Super-Ego)恋母情绪(Oedipuscomplex)死亡冲动(DeathDrive或DeathInstinct)。Hissaying:人生中唯一重要的事情是爱情和工作Loveandworkarethesingularimportantthinginoneslife不要去了解女人，因为女人都是疯子因为佛洛依德认为女性的精神状态以及思想是跳跃性的非理性的，不能用常规定义。Freudbelievedthatthefunctionofdreamsistopreservesleepbyrepresentingasfulfilledwishesthatwouldotherwiseawakenthedreamer.Freudalsobelievedthatthereisaspecificpsychologicaltechniquethroughwhichdreamscanbeinterpreted,andthat,ifthetechniqueissuccessfullyaccomplished,eachdreamisrevealedasapsychicalstructure,whichhasasignificantmeaningandfunctioninginthementalactivitiesoftheawakenedlife.