泛读4-Unit-9-politics

Unit9PoliticsBarackHusseinObamaIIBirthplace:Honolulu,Hawaii,AmericaBirthdate:Aug4th,1961Education：enteredHarvardLawSchoolin1988Belief:ProtestantsAchievements:chosenasasenatorofIllinoisin1996electedasthe44thPresidentoftheUnitedStatesin2009;wontheNobelPeacePrizein2009HeisanAmericanpoliticianwhoservedasthe44thPresidentoftheUnitedStatesfromJanuary20,2009toJanuary20,2017.ThefirstAfricanAmericantoassumethepresidency,hewaspreviouslythejuniorUnitedStatesSenatorfromIllinoisfrom2005to2008.Beforethat,heservedintheIllinoisStateSenatefrom1997until2004.WillardMittRomney(bornMarch12,1947)isanAmericanbusinessmanandpoliticianwhoservedasthe70thGovernorofMassachusettsfrom2003to2007andwastheRepublicanParty'snomineeforPresidentoftheUnitedStatesinthe2012election.Hewonthe2012Republicanpresidentialnomination,becomingthefirstMormontobethepresidentialnomineeofamajorparty.HewasdefeatedbyincumbentDemocraticPresidentBarackObamaintheNovember2012generalelection,losingtheelectoralcollegeby332–206.Thepopularvotebetweenthetwomajor-partynomineeswas51%–47%inObama‘sfavor.JohnSidneyMcCainIII(bornAugust29,1936)isanAmericanpoliticianservingastheseniorUnitedStatesSenatorfromArizona,aseathewasfirstelectedtoin1986.HewastheRepublicannomineeforPresidentoftheUnitedStatesinthe2008election,whichhelosttoBarackObama.LanguagePoints1.forge:todevelopsomethingnew,especiallyastrongrelationshipwithotherpeople,groups,orcountries形成，缔造〔尤指与其他人、团体或国家形成牢固的关系〕e.g.Thetwowomenhadforgedaclosebond.这两个女人结下了亲密情谊。e.g.Backinthe1980s,theywereattemptingtoforgeanewkindofrockmusic.20世纪80年代，他们尝试开创一种新的摇滚乐。LanguagePoints2.Incumbentadj.currentlyholdinganoffice现任的；n.现任者e.g.theincumbentgovernorIngeneral,incumbentshavea94percentchanceofbeingre-elected.一般情况下，现任官员有94%的几率会再次当选。3.stake:n.桩，棍子；赌注；利害关系；股份vt.资助，支持；系…于桩上；把…押下打赌vi.打赌hold/haveastakeinsth：与某事物有利害关系e.g.Heholdsa51%stakeinthefirm.他在这家公司拥有51%的股份。e.g.Youngpeopledon’tfeeltheyhaveastakeinthecountry’sfuture.年轻人觉得自己与国家的未来没有关系。Thisisunlikeanytimesince1945becausethestakeshaveneverbeenhigher.这次不像自1945年以来的任何一次，因为风险太大了。LanguagePoints4.swamp:tosuddenlycoveranareawithalotofwater〔骤然〕淹没，浸没e.g.Hugewavesswampedthevessel.巨浪吞没了那艘船。5.garner:v.totakeorcollectsomething,especiallyinformationorsupport得到，收集〔尤指信息或支持〕e.g.Thepartygarnered70percentofthevote.该党得到了70%的选票。LanguagePoints6.appeal:n.anurgentrequestforsomethingimportant呼吁；恳求e.g.Thegirl’sfamilyhavemadeapublicappealforhelptotryandcatchherkiller.那名遇害女孩的家人吁请公众协助捉拿凶手。v.1)tomakeaseriouspublicrequestforhelp,money,informationetc.呼吁；恳请，恳求;[+for]Churchandcommunityleadershaveappealedforcalm.教会和社区领袖都呼吁保持冷静。[+to]Farmershaveappealedtothegovernmentforhelp.农场主请求政府帮助。2)上诉；申诉[+against]Bothmenintendtoappealagainsttheirconvictions.两名男子都打算对判决提出上诉。3)有吸引力Theideaofworkingabroadreallyappealstome.去国外工作的这个想法对我很有吸引力。