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,,,(,200030):,。,,。(),;,;。,。:;;;;:TM712:A:1006-6047(2010)08-0075-06:2009-11-15;:2010-03-15:(07SG11);(NCET-08-0356)ElectricPowerAutomationEquipmentVol.30No.8Aug.2010308201080,。,,,。,,、。,,。50.2Hz,40%/Hz;,、,,[1]。[2]、,,,。[3],,,。[4],,()。,。,。1,()(),。,。(VSWT),。,,VSWT,[4]。1[5]。,、、,;(),,。,,,,,;1Fig.1ControlschemeofwindfarmΔfPfOPnOn*βpitchPnOnrTinertia2HdΔf/dtTem1JSTmechPrefT*30,,,;2。:,,,1,[3-4]。Pref,,,,。。,,,()。“”。,,PN,Pref[6-8]:Pref=τPN(1),τ。2。PMDP,(1),Pres。2,vN,;v1vN,τPNPN,;v1,。,,,v1~vN,,τ。22.1,,,。,;,,,,;、,,,,,。,,、、3。2.1.1(),,;,,,。,,。2.1.2(),,,,,VSWT;,,,。2.1.3(),VSWT,VSWT,,,VSWT()。,;,,,。,,。2.2(),,[6]。2.2.1,,3。Popt,()80%。3,80%2,212,2。、()2,,(),()。,,、,,,。,80%,。。PPmaxP0Pmin80%80%2Onmoptnmnmminn3Fig.3Generatorunloadingoperation1PoptPtPNτPNPMDPOv1vNvt2Fig.2PowerreserveofconstantpowerreferencePres,:8,,21,1,,。2,,,。。P0,±ΔP%×Popt,P0=(1-ΔP/100)Popt,Pmin=(1-2ΔP/100)Popt(2)ΔP10,。P0Pref=Pmin+Popt-Pminnmmin-nmopt(nmmin-nm)(3),Popt、nmopt,Pmin、nmmin2,Pref、nmP0,nmmin=kdelkoptkmin3姨×nmopt,kdel=1-2ΔP10000,kopt=12ρCPoptλ3optπR5,kmin=12ρCPminλ3minπR5。(3),。2.2.2,,,,,0.9PN。,(1.2p.u.)。,,4。2.3,90%;,,,(49.8Hz),;,,90%80%,(50.2Hz),80%,。,P-n,2。,。,,,,。、,,2,。,,。v,Pmax、PperPmax=12ρACPoptv3(4)Pper=12ρACPperv3(5),ρ,A。kper,kper=Pper/Pmax,:CPper=kperCPopt(6)(6)。CPper,λperCP-λ。λper2,,:Pref=kCPperλ3pern3,k=12ρAR3(7)5。,kper,(6),CPper,CP-λ,λper,(7),。3VSWT,[9]。,,,[10]。3.16()。6(a),(MDP)、。6(b)MDP。6(c)、(0.9p.u.)。6(d),6(d),,Pe+0.9PNPIβref1+-βΔfOΔf+βref2β4Fig.4Frequencycontrolwithpitchcontroller5Fig.5UnloadingoperationaccordingtofrequencychangeΔfλperPrefnCPperλperCPper12ρAR3n3CPperλ3perλperCPperOCPoptPOf,0.1p.u.;0.9p.u.1.0p.u.,;0.9p.u.,0。6(e)6(a)、,6(f)。6(d),,,,0.1p.u.。6(d)(f),,,。3.2,VSWT,,。,VSWT。,(0),90%,,,,,。,,,。、、7。90%,,100s,,0.9p.u.(7(b))。,100s0.2p.u.0.4p.u.(7(c)),,。,VSWT,(1s),()。,VSWT1.0~0.7p.u.,,,8。,12m/s。8,0.7p.u.,1p.u.0.7p.u.,0.450.480.45。,。,。。,。16128v/(m·s-1)50100150200t/s(a)1.00.60.2P/p.u.50100150200t/s(b)1.00.60.2P/p.u.50100150200t/s(c)0.100.050Pre/p.u.50100150200t/s(d)1.00.60.2P/p.u.50100150200t/s(e)0.100.050Pre/p.u.50100150200t/s(f)6Fig.6Simulationofoperationmode300.80.60.4P/p.u.100125175200t/s(a)0.660.630.60Pm/p.u.100125150200t/s(b)1501751074v/(m·s-1)050150200t/s(a)1.00.80.6n/p.u.050100200t/s(b)0.40.20P/p.u.50150200t/s(c)1001501007VSWTFig.7SimulationofVSWTprovidingfrequencysupportatlowwindspeed1.050.850.65n/p.u.100125175200t/s(c)1508VSWTFig.8SimulationofVSWTprovidingconstantpoweroutputatlowwindspeed0.480.470.45CP100125175200t/s(d)1500.463.3,,VSWT,,,。9,10°/s。0~100s,,0.3p.u.,8°,100s50Hz49.8Hz,,0.6p.u.。,,,VSWT。3.4。,,。10,12m/s。0~50s,2(2),CP,0.6p.u.,,,10。10(a),(b)CP,(c)。10(b),,,0.6p.u.0.65p.u.,155s。,;0.6p.u.0.63p.u.,。3.5、,,,,。,,。(0.7p.u.),,,。3.2,,。4,、,,,,。,,,;,,;,。,VSWT。1.51.31.1n/p.u.50100150200t/s(a)0.480.460.44CP50100150200t/s(b)0.80.70.5P/p.u.50100150200t/s(c)0.610VSWTFig.10SimulationofVSWTprovidingfrequencysupportatmiddlewindspeed181614v/(m·s-1)050150t/s(a)20100θ/(°)100150t/s(b)0.80P/p.u.50150t/s(c)1000.4100502002002009VSWTFig.9SimulationofVSWTprovidingfrequencysupportathighwindspeed,:8Variable-speedwindturbinesprovideprimaryreserveforfrequencycontrolXUEYingcheng,TAINengling,SONGKai,XIONGNing(ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,Shanghai200030,China)Abstract:Afrequencycontrolstrategyispresented,whichutilizesthefastresponsecapabilityofVSWTtoactivelyprovidetheprimaryreserve.Itunloadsthewindturbinetoensuretheprimaryreserveforalargerangeofwindspeed.Atlowwindspeed,thewindturbineoperatesasaflywheeltoutilizethekineticenergystoredintherotationalmassesforthetempactivepowersupport.Atmiddlewindspeed,thewindturbineoperatesaccordingtotheunloadingoptimalenergyconversioncurvetosetuptheactivepowerreserve.Athighwindspeed,thewindturbineoperateswithfullloadatthemodifiedrotorspeedsetpointorunderthepitchcontroltokeepanappropriateactivepowerreserve.Simulativeexperimentsindicateitseffectivenessinthepowerreservecontrolforfrequencycontrol.ThisworkissupportedbytheShanghai“Phosphor”ScienceFoundation,China(07SG11),andtheNewCenturyExcellentTalentsinUniversity(NCET-08-0356).Keywords:windpowergeneration;VSWT;unloadingoperation;frequencyregulation;primaryreserve:[1]TSILIM,PATSIOUASC.Gridcoderequirementsforlargewindfarms[EB/OL].[2009-11-15].http:∥users.ntua.gr/stpapath/Paper_2.72.pdf.[2]SOLDERL.Reservemarginplanninginawind-hydro-thermalpowersystem[J].IEEETransonPowerSystems,1993,8(2):564-571.[3]WOBBENA.Methodforoperatingawindpowerstationandwindpowerstation:USA,Patent6891281[P].2005-05-10.[4]MORRENTALJ.Windturbinesemulatinginertiaandsupportingprimaryfrequencycontrol[J].IEEETransonPowerSystems,21(1):433-434.[5]deALMEIDARG,LOPESJAP.Participationofdoublyfedinductionwindgeneratorsinsystemfrequencyregulation[J].IEEETransonPowerSystems,2007,22(3):944-950.[6]deALMEIDARG,CASTRONUOVOED,LOPESJAP.Opti-mumgenerationcontrolinwindparkswhencarryingoutsystemoperatorrequests[J].IEEETransonPowerSystems,2006,21(2):718-725.[7]EKANAYAKEJ,JENKINSN.Comparisonoftheresponseofdoublyfedandfixed-speedinductiongeneratorwindturbinestochangesinnetworkfrequency[J].IEEETransonEnergyCon-version,2004,19(4):800-802.[8]EKANAYAKEJ
本文标题:变速风力发电机提供调频备用容量研究
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