选修8-UNIT4-词汇讲解

泗州学校SizhouSchool高三英语选修八导学案编号：2014-课型：新授课上课时间：第1周主备人：沙千审核人：班级：小组：姓名：评价：Nothingisimpossibletoawillingmind.有志者事竟成.Unit+4Pygmalion1．hesitatevi.犹豫，踌躇Agentleman(G)passesandhesitatesforamoment.(教材P29)这时有位先生(简称G)从这儿路过，他迟疑了片刻。Sheisstillhesitatingabout/oversendinghersontocollege.对于送儿子上学这件事，她仍在犹豫。Pleasedonothesitatetocontactmeifyouneedanymoreinformation.hesitatetodosth.做某事犹豫不决hesitateabout/over(doing)sth.对……犹豫不决hesitate(about)＋疑问词＋todosth.是否做……犹豫不决hesitationn．踌躇；犹豫havenohesitationindoingsth.毫不踌躇/毫不犹豫地干某事withouthesitation毫不踌躇/毫不犹豫地；立即eg.ShehadnohesitationinhelpingmewithmyEnglish.＝ShehelpedmewithmyEnglishwithouthesitation.她毫不犹豫地帮我学习英语。(2013·长春高二检测)Pleasedon't________tocontactmeifyouwanttoknowaboutmoredetailedinformationaboutthisterribleaccident.A．determineB．hesitateC．attemptD．require【解析】hesitatetodosth.“不愿做某事；对做某事有顾虑”；determinetodosth.“决定/决心做某事”；attempttodosth.“尝试做某事”；requiresb.todosth.“要求/规定某人做某事”。B项最符合语境。2．classifyvt.编排，分类，归类Simplyphoneticsstudiedandclassifiedfrompeople'sownspeech.(教材P29)对人的发音进行研究、分类，如此而已。Peoplewhoworkinlibrariesspendalotoftimeclassifyingbooks.Eggsareclassifiedaccordingtosize.classify...as...把……判定为(归类为)……classify...into...把……分为……classifiedadj.分类的；归类的classificationn．[U]分类；分级[C]类别；等级Patientsareclassifiedintothreecategories.病人被归为三种类型。3．remarkn．谈论；言论；评述vt.&vi.谈论；评论；说起Youcanplaceamanbyjustafewremarks.(教材P29)你可以仅仅通过几句话就判断出对方是哪个地方的人。Whatdidyoumeanbythatlastremark?你最后那句话是什么意思？Alocalnewspaperremarkedthatcaraccidentswereonthedecreaseduetotheforcefullaw.makeremarkson/about对……做出评论remarkon/upon对……评论remarkableadj.引人注目的；不寻常的，非凡的beremarkablefor以……著称Thejudgesremarkedonthehighstandardofentriesforthecompetition.评委们说明了参赛的高标准。Theareaisremarkableforitsscenery.这一地区以其优美的景色而引人瞩目。选择：Alargenumberofforeignmediamadegood________aboutthe18thNationalCongressofCPC.A．appointmentsB．choicesC．remarksD．promises【解析】makeremarksabout...“对……做出评论”。makeappointments“约定”；makechoices“做出选择”；makepromises“承诺”。【答案】C4．betrayvt.出卖；背叛；泄露(秘密)；露出……迹象Buttheybetraythemselveseverytimetheyopentheirmouths.(教材P29)betraysb./sth.(tosb.)(向某人)出卖某人/(向某人)泄露某事betrayoneself暴露出本来面目betrayone'strust辜负某人的信任betrayone'scountry背叛祖国Shewasterrifiedofsayingsomethingthatwouldmakeherbetrayherself.Iwon'tbetrayhistrust.我不会辜负他对我的信任。Shewouldnotbetrayhissecretstome.她不会把他的秘密泄露给我。5．condemnvt.谴责；判刑；宣告……有罪(与to连用)；迫使……接受(困境)；使……注定...theEnglishthatwillcondemnhertotheguttertotheendofherdays.(教材P30)……那一口英语使她注定要在贫民窟里待一辈子。Worldopinioncondemnedtheaggressor'sprovocation.世界舆论谴责侵略者的挑衅。condemnsb.tosth.2迫使某人接受困境(或不愉快的状况)condemnsb./sth.for/assb./sth.指责某人(事)condemnsb.to...＝sentencesb.to...判处……condemnsb.todosth.迫使某人干不好的事情；注定干某事Theeditorofthenewspaperwascondemnedfor/aslackingintegrity.(正直)。6．...once_educatedtospeakproperly，thatgirlcouldpassherselfoffinthreemonthsasaduchessatanambassador'sgardenparty.(教材P30)……要是一旦有人教她把英语说好了，她就可以在三个月以内冒充公爵夫人出席大使主办的花园晚会了。(1)这是一个主从复合句，once引导条件状语从句，省略了主语及系动词thatgirlis。由once，if，as，unless，when，though，although，evenif/though等引导的状语从句，如果主句主语和从句主语一致，且从句谓语中含有be动词或从句为it＋be＋...则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。Ifwaterisheated，itwillbeturnedintovapour.＝Ifheated，waterwillbeturnedintovapour.Whenaskedwhyshedidn'tfinishthehomework，thegirlmadenoanswer.【对接高考】(2013·福建高考)Anyone，once________positiveforH7N9fluvirus，willreceivefreemedicaltreatmentfromourgovernment.A．tobetestedB．beingtestedC．testedD．totest(2)pass...offas...(把某人)改变或冒充成……ShepassedherselfoffasanAmericantoescapethefine.为逃避罚款，她冒充美国人。passaway亡故；消失passoff逐渐消失；过去；不加理会；进行(情况如何)passby经过；不注意，忽略passonto传递，传给；通过passout失去知觉passdown把……一代传一代Hewasonlythreeyearsoldwhenhisfatherpassedaway.他父亲去世时他只有三岁。Astheyearspassedby，hebecameweakerandweaker.随着岁月的流逝，他变得越来越虚弱。7．acquaintancen．相识；了解；熟人AndIcametoEnglandtomakeyouracquaintance！(教材P30)我来伦敦就是为了结识你！Wetalkedasifwewereoldacquaintances.我们就好像是老相识一样谈话。IhavesomeacquaintancewithEnglish，butIdonotknowitwell.我稍懂些英语，但并不精通。makeone'sacquaintance＝maketheacquaintanceofsb.结识某人；与某人相见onfirstacquaintance初次相见时havean/some/littleacquaintancewithsth.对某事有一点/一些/几乎没有了解havean/someacquaintancewithsb.与某人认识；有交情Evenonfirstacquaintanceitwasclearthathewasnot“therighttype”．初次见面就看出他显然不是“对路子的人”。It'sluckyformetomakehisacquaintanceinBeijing.我很幸运在北京结识了他。【提示】acquaintance用作不可数名词时，表“熟悉，认识”，有时在其前加不定冠词，表某种程度的熟悉与了解，与with连用；用作可数名词时，表示“熟悉的人”。8．fortunen．[U]机会；运气[C]命运；大笔的钱Afortune！(教材P30)发财了！Onedayagoodfortunebefellhim.一天，幸运降临到他的头上。Whatwillbeourfortunes?我们的命运将是什么？tryone'sfortune碰运气tellsb.'sfortune为某人算命comeintoafortune继承一笔遗产makeafortune发财fortunateadj.幸运的；运气好的befortunatetodosth./befortunateinhavingsth.幸运地做/拥有……fortunatelyadv.幸运地Thelittlegirlcameintoafortuneafterheruncledied.她叔父去世后，那个小女孩继承了一大笔遗产。[名]fortune↔[名]misfortune不幸；厄运[形]fortunate↔[形]unfortunate不幸的9．generallyspeaking一般来说Generallyspeaking，peoplearemorepolitetothosewhotheythinkareofahighersocialclass.(教材P30)一般来说，人们对他们认为有着较高社会等级的人态度更礼貌一些。Generallyspeaking，thosewhopayattentiontophysicalexerciseareingoodhealth.①strictlyspeaking严格说来泗州学校SizhouSchool高三英语选修八导学案编号：2014-课型：新授课上课时间：第1周主备人：沙千审核人：班级：小组：姓名：评价：Nothingisimpossibletoawillingmind.有志者事竟成.personallyspeaking就个人来说franklyspeaking坦白地说②ingeneral总体来说；大体上asageneralrule一般而言；(在)通常(情况)