同步发电机突然三相短路的仿真研究-高仕红

:2007-12-12.:(B20082908).:(1971-),,,,.(湖北民族学院电气工程系,湖北恩施445000):同步发电机的突然三相短路,是电力系统最严重的故障,对电机本身和相关的电气设备都可能产生严重的影响,研究它有着非常重要的意义.在d-p坐标系统下,构建了同步发电机的数学模型以及动态等效电路.利用Matlab7.1/Simulink6.3的强大功能,构建了同步发电机机端突然三相短路的仿真模型,并对同步发电机的各物理量在短路期间进行了仿真研究.通过理论和仿真对比分析,同步发电机的各物理量在突然短路的暂态过程中产生很大的冲击和振荡,最后稳定在短路前的状态,仿真结果与理论分析相吻合.此方法还可用来研究同步发电机某些动态过程,从而为电机的优化设计提供必要的理论依据.:同步发电机;突然三相短路;数学模型;动态等效电路;仿真模型:TM301:A:1008-8423(2008)01-0036-05SimulationStudyofSynchronousGeneratoronSuddenThree-phaseShortCircuitGAOShi-hong(DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,HubeiInstituteforNationalities,Enshi445000,China)Abstract:Three-phaseshortcircuitofsynchronousgeneratorisaseriousfaultintheelectricpowersys-tem,whichislikelytoinfluencebadlyonthenoumenonofelectricmachineandcorrelativeelectricequip-men,tsoitisimportanttostudyi.tInthereferenceframe,mathematicmodelanddynamicequivalentcir-cuitwasbuil.tBymakinguseofpowerfulfunctionofMatlab7.1/Simulink6.3,simulationmodelofsyn-chronousgeneratoronsuddenthree-phaseshortcircuitwasbuil,tvariousphysicalquantitieswerestud-iedbysimulationduringtheshortcircui.tBycomparingtheoreticswithsimulation,variousphysicalquan-titiesofsynchronousgeneratorproducedtremendousimpactandsurgeduringthesuddencircuitandtheystabilizedintheproceedingstateofshortcircui.tTheemulationalresultsareconsistentwiththeoretica-nalysis.Thismethodisalsofortheuseofresearchingcertaindynamiccourseofsynchronousgenerator,whichprovidednecessarytheoreticbasisforoptimumdesignofelectricmachine.Keywords:synchronousgenerator;suddenthree-phaseshortcircui;tmathematicmode;ldynamicequiv-alentcircui;tsimulationmodel,.,,[1~3].,,.(0.1~0.3s),,261()Vo.l26No.120083JournalofHubeiInstituteforNationalities(NaturalScienceEdition)Mar.2008[4,5].,,,.,,.,.,[4].Matlab,CFortran,,[6,7].1,[1,2,5]:();;;,.,.d-p,xad()().1.1电压方程uduqufd00=p-000p00000p00000p00000p+-r00000-r00000Rfd00000R1d0-r000R1qidiqifdi1di1q(1)(a)daxis(b)qaxis1Fig.1Equivalentcircuitofaxesuduq:dq;idiq:dp;dq:dp;ufd:;ifd:;fd:;i1di1q:dp;1d1q:dp;r;Rfd:;R1dR1q:dp;p:ddt;:.1.2磁链方程dqfd1d1q=-xd0xadxad00-xq00xaq-xad0XffdXf1d0-xad0X1fdX11d00-xaq00X11q(2)xdxq:dq;xaqxaq:dp;Xffd:;Xf1d=X1fd:d;X11dX11q:dp.1.3运动方程Jdrdt=Tm-Te(3)J:;r:;Tm:;Te:.1.4等效电路,dLad=LmdLaq=Lmq,(1)(2)d-q1(a)(b).Ll:dq;LmdLmq:dp;Llfd:;Ll1dLlq1:dp.371:22.1定子电流的计算,,,.,.:;[1,2]..,:id=1xd-1xde-tTd+1xd-1xde-ttdUcos+Exd-Uxde-tTacos(t+)(4)iq=-1xq-1xqe-tTqUsin+Uxqe-tTasin(t+)(5):.Td:.Td:.Ta:.U:.1Tab.1SimulationparametersPN(MW)200UN(Hz)13.8SN(KVA)210UN(kV)13.8/230fN(Hz)50r2.8544e-3/YR10.0027xd1.305xd0.296L10.08R20.0027xd0.252xq0.474L20.08Lm500xq0.243Td(s)1.01Td(s)0.053Tq(s)0.0532.2转子电流的计算,,,[1,2].:...,:,:ifd=URfd+xadXffdUxde-tTdcos-xadXffdUxde-tTacos(t+)(6),:ifd=URfd+X11dxad-x2adX11dXffd-x2ad1xd-xadXffd1xde-tTa+xadXffd1xde-tTaUcos+X11dxad-x2adX11dXffd-x2adUxde-tTacos(t+)(7),,,,,:i1d=X11dxad-x2adX11dXffd-x2adUxde-tTdcos()-X11dxad-x2adX11dXffd-x2adUxde-tTacos(t+);i1q=xaqX11qUxde-tTqsin+xaqX11qUxqe-tTasin(t+)3Matlab,(),[7~10].Matlab7.1/Simulink6.3,[11~13],2.(HTG)(ExcitationSystem).(HTG).IEEE1,vdvd.,200km,:0.01273,0.35182,.1.3.1短路前为理想空载(Pref=0),,38()263(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)(f).3.2短路前为75%额定负载75%(pref=0.75),,4(a)~(f).3.3仿真结果分析,75%,,,,.,391:,.,9,,,idiq,iaibic.,,,,,..4,.Matlab7.1/Simulink6.3,,,,.,.,,.:[1].[M].:,1998.[2],.[M].:,1993.[3].[M].:,1996.[4].[J].,2002,6(4):275-278.[5],.[M].:,1988.[6],,.[M].:,1993.[7],.MATLAB[M].:,2004.[8].MATLAB[J].,2001(1):26-28.[9],.SIMULINKY[J].,2005(1):17-19.[10].Simulink4[M].:,2002.[11],.[J].:,2005,33(3):390-394.[12],,,.[J].,2003,31(9):20-25.[13].[J].:,2007,25(4):393-396.40()26