美国文学(自然主义-意象主义作者及其作品)

NaturalismStephenCraneJackLondonTheodoreDreiserFrankNorrisEzraPoundcontentsÉmileZolaBornÉmileÉdouardCharlesAntoineZola2April1840Paris,FranceDied29September1902)(aged62)Paris,FranceOccupationNovelist,playwright,journalistNationalityFrenchGenresNaturalismNotablework(s)LesRougon-Macquart,ThérèseRaquinGerminalFEATURESREPRESETIVEWRITERSStephenCranewasbornonNovember1,1871Cranewrotehisfirstknownstory,UncleJakeandtheBellHandle,whenhewas14.in1893,thepublicationofMaggie:AGirloftheStreetsin1894,hewroteTheRedBadgeofCourageHediedonJune5,1900,attheageof28《海上扁舟》《红色英勇勋章》《街头女郎梅季》PlotsummaryThestoryisaboutayoungprivateoftheUnionArmy,HenryFlemingwhofleesfromthefieldofbattle.Overcomewithshame,helongsforawound—aredbadgeofcourage—tocounteracthiscowardice.Whenhisregimentonceagainfacestheenemy,Henryactsasstandard-bearer.Hisstyletechniqueflexible,swift,abruptandnervousclosed,circumstantialand'normal'infeelingandsyntaxSupplemajestyTheodoreDreiser西奥多·德莱塞EarlyLifeLiteratureWorksPoliticalcommitmentlegacyWritingStyle＆＆＆＆＆TheodoreDreiser是一位以探索充满磨难的现实生活著称的美国自然主义作家，他是美国现代小说的先驱和代表作家，被认为是同海明威、福克纳并列的美国现代小说的三巨头之一。•(1871–1945)•TheWheelhouseofAmericanNaturalismEarlyLifecamefromastrictCatholicfamilyHisfather-JohnPaulDreisermother-Sarah1889to1890attendedIndianaUniversityHemarriedSaraWhiteonDecember1898marriedhiscousinHelenRichardsonon13June1944.LiteratureWorks1911姊妹篇JennieGerhardt《珍妮姑娘》1912TheFinancier《金融家》欲望三部曲第一步1914TheTitan《巨人》欲望三部曲第二部1915TheGenius《天才》1925AnAmericanTragedy《美国的悲剧》代表作1946TheBulwark《壁垒》1947TheStoic《斯多噶》欲望三部曲第三部1900SisterCarrie《嘉丽妹妹》IthasbeencalledthegreatestofallAmericanurbannovels.firstbecomingamistresstomenthatsheperceivesassuperiorlaterasafamousactress.anovelaboutayoungcountrygirlwhomovestothebigcitywhereshestartsrealizingherownAmericanDreamSisterCarrie《嘉莉妹妹》《珍妮姑娘》TheTrilogyofDreiser欲望三部曲Financier《金融家》(1912)TheTitan《巨人》(1914)TheStoic《斯多噶》(1947)AnAmericanTragedyTheambitiousbutimmatureClydeGriffiths,raisedisanxioustoachievebetterthings.Followingasensationaltrialbeforeanunsympatheticaudience,anddespiteavigorousdefensemountedbytwolawyershiredbyhisuncle,Clydeisconvicted,sentencedtodeath,andexecuted.bypooranddevoutlyreligiousparentswhoforcehimtoparticipateintheirstreetmissionaryworkeambitiousbutimmatureClydeGriffiths,raisedWritingStylewithoutgoodstructuredeficientcharacterizationlackinimaginationjournalisticmethod新闻法techniquesinpainting234151.enormousinfluenceonthegenerationfollowinghis.2.AlfredKazancharacterizedDreiserasstrongerthanalltheothersofhistime,andmorepoignant;greaterthantheworldhehasdescribed,butassignificantasthepeopleinit.”3.H.L.Mencken,declared“Americanwriting,beforeandafterhistime,differedalmostasmuchasbiologybeforeandafterDarwin”.4.In2008,theLibraryofAmericaselectedDreiser’sarticle“DreiserSeesErrorinEdwardsDefense”forinclusioninitstwo-centuryretrospectiveofAmericanTrueCrimeFrankNorrisLifeWorksPlotofReviewsFrankNorris弗兰克·诺里斯(5,1870–25,1902)AmericannovelistNorrisdiedonOctober25,1902buriedinMountainViewCemeteryinOakland,CaliforniaIn1900FrankNorrismarriedJeanetteBlackborninChicago,Illinois,in1870MoranoftheLadyLettyADealinWheatandOtherStoriesoftheNewandOldWestMcTeagueTheOctopusMcTeagueAnovelbyFrankNorris,firstpublishedin1899.Ittellsthestoryofacouple'scourtshipandmarriagetheirsubsequentdescentintopoverty,violencefinallymurderastheresultofjealousyandavariceMasterpieceAStoryofCaliforniaisa1901novelTheOctopusthefirstpartofanuncompletedtrilogy,TheEpicoftheWheatItdescribesthewheatindustryCaliinforniatheconflictsbetweenwheatgrowersandarailwaycompanyThebookemphasizedthecontrolofforcesItalsocallsACaliforniaStoryJanuary12,1876–November22,1916EarlylifeOnJuly12,1897,London(age21)andhissister'shusbandCaptainShepardsailedtojointheKlondikeGoldRushFirstmarriage(1900–1904)Secondmarriagein1905BessieMaddernLondonanddaughters,JoanandBeckyJackandCharmianLondon(ca.1915)atWaikikiHislifestoryTheoldWineryCottage,whereLondondied(intheleftsleepingporch)onNovember22,1916ManyoldersourcesdescribeLondon’sdeathasasuicide.Thisconjectureseemstobearumor,orspeculationbasedonincidentsinhisfictionwritings.Hisdeathcertificategivesthecauseasuremia,followingacuterenalcolic,atypeofpainoftendescribedas“theworstpain…everexperienced”,commonlycausedbykidneystones.Uremiaisalsoknownasuremicpoisoning.Ayoungproletarianautodidactstrugglingtobecomeawriter.ItwasfirstserializedinPacificMonthlymagazinefromSept.1908toSept.1909andpublishedinbookformbyMacmillaninSept.1909.MaincharactersMartinEdenRuthMorseLizzieConnollyJoeDawsonRussBrissendenMajorthemesSocialclassMachineryIndividualismversussocialismMartinEden※JackLondonLake,amountainlakelocatedintheupperreachesoftheKolymaRiverinYagodninskydistrictofMagadanOblast.Legacyandhonors※HewashonoredbytheUnitedStatesPostalServicewitha25¢GreatAmericansseriespostagestamp.※JackLondonSquareonthewaterfrontofOakland,Californiawasnamedforhim.JackLondonLake《弧线》顾城鸟儿在疾风中迅速转向少年在捡拾一枚分币葡萄藤因幻想而延伸的触丝海浪因退缩而耸起的背脊Pleasetalkwithyourpartneraboutthepoemandpayattentiontothesepurplewordswhattheystandfor.Imagism1.BackgroundImagismwasinfluencedAncientChinesepoetry