72高考英语情态动词

高考情态动词考点解读一、考查情态动词的基本用法1.shall用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意见；用于二、三人称陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁等；may表示“允许、可以”，语气比较委婉。①“Theinterestbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.(2004重庆卷)A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall②—Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.—You______havemycomputerifyoudon'ttakecareofit.（2004湖南卷）A.shan'tB.mightnotC.needn'tD.shouldn't③—Theroomissodirty.____wecleanit?—Ofcourse（2003北京春季卷）A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do④—Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins．______Ihavealook﹖—Yes,certainly．(北京2002春)A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.ShouldＤＡＢＢ一、考查情态动词的基本用法2.must用于疑问句，表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏偏，偏要”，mustn’t表示禁止，是说话人强有力的劝告。cannot表示“不可能”；neednot表示“不必要”；maynot表示“可能不”。①John,lookatthetime.___________youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?（2005全国卷I）A．MustB．CanC．MayD．Need②Tom,youleaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!A．wouldn’tB．mustn’tC．needn’tD．maynot③—IsJohncomingbytrain﹖—Heshould,buthenot．Helikesdrivinghiscar．(2002全国卷)A.mustB.canC.needD.may④Johnny,you＿＿＿＿playwiththeknife,you＿＿＿＿hurtyourself．(96全国卷)A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’tＡＢＤＢ一、考查情态动词的基本用法3.needn’t表示“没有必要”—Lucydoesn’tmindlendingyouherdictionary.（2005湖南卷）—She______.I'vealreadyborrowedone.A.can‘tB.mustn'tC.needn‘tD.shouldn'tＣ一、考查情态动词的基本用法4.would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向Whenhewasthere,hegotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.(96上海卷)A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.mightＡ一、考查情态动词的基本用法5.表示经过努力而成功的某一次动作，只能用was/wereableto,而不能用could；could还可以表示过去的某种能力①Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonegetout．(97全国卷)A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto②Ishouldhavebeenthere,butI＿＿＿＿＿notfindthetime．(2000上海春季卷)A.wouldB.couldC.mightD.shouldＤＢ一、考查情态动词的基本用法6.考查情态动词用作答语的情况①—Writetomewhenyougethome.（2001北京春季卷）—._______A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican②—CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?—Yes,you_______.(98上海卷)A.willB.couldC.mayD.might③—Willyoustayforlunch﹖—Sorry,．Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme．(99全国卷)A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t④—ShallItellJohnaboutit﹖—No,you＿＿＿＿＿．I’vetoldhimalready．(94全国卷)A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’tＣＣＢＡ二、考查情态动词+动词不定式一般式表推测的用法1.肯定的推测一般用must,should,may(might)或could(不用can)，其中，must的语气最强，译为“肯定”、should的语气次之，译为“很可能”、“应该”；按常理推测：may(might),could语气最弱，译为“也许”。①Helen______goonthetripwithus,butsheisn’tquitesureyet.（2005安徽卷）A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can下文butsheisn’tquitesureyet表示她不怎么肯定，说明Helen“也许，可能”跟我们一起去旅行。②__I'vetakensomeoneelse'sgreensweaterbymistake.(2005广东卷)__It______Harry's.Healwayswearsgreen.A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustn'tbeD.couldbe③MrBushisontimeforeverything．How＿＿＿＿itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony﹖(2001上海春季卷)A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must④—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty﹖—I’mnotsure．Igototheconcertinstead．(2000全国卷)A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might⑤—WhencanIcomeforthephotos﹖Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon．—They＿＿＿＿＿bereadyby12:00.(98全国卷)A.canB.shouldC.mightD.needＣＤＡＤＢ二、考查情态动词+动词不定式一般式表推测的用法2.否定的推测：语气不很肯定时，常用maynot,mightnot或couldnot，译为“可能不”“也许不”；否定语气较强时，则用can’t，译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩①Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers_____notlikethedesignofthefurniture.(2004上海春季卷)A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need②—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.（2005湖北卷）—Well.Hehavegonefar—hiscoat’sstillhere.A.shouldn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.wouldn’tＣＣ二、考查情态动词+动词不定式一般式表推测的用法3.疑问句中推测往往用can或couldMr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How_____itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?(2001上海春季卷)A.canB.shouldC.mayD.mustＡ三、考查情态动词+不定式的完成式表推测的用法musthavedone：表示对过去动作的肯定推测，常译作“一定……”，只能用于肯定句中。其否定形式为can’t／couldn’thavedone疑问式为Can／Could...havedone﹖。could／mighthavedone：表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推测，常译作“可能做了……”。三、考查情态动词+不定式的完成式表推测的用法①Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwestpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They____atleast150kilometersanhour.（2005重庆卷）A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone②He___havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.(2005北京卷)A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t③—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?—Something________tohim.(2005江西卷)A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappenedＢＢＤ三、考查情态动词+不定式的完成式表推测的用法④—ThewomanbiologiststayedinAfricastudyingwildanimalsfor13yearsbeforeshereturned.—Oh,dear!She_______alotofdifficulties!(2005江苏卷)A.maygothroughB.mightgothroughC.oughttohavegonethroughD.musthavegonethrough⑤—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.（2005湖北卷）—Well.Hehavegonefar—hiscoat’sstillhere.A．shouldn’tB．mustn’tC．can’tD．wouldn’t⑥MysistermethimattheGrandTheateryesterdayafternoon,soheyourlecture．(2000上海卷)A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveattendedC.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattendedＤＣＡHemustbereading,isn’the?Youmustdoityourself,don’tyou?Hemusthavegoneoverthearticle,hasn’the?Itmusthaverainedlastnight,didn’tit?3、表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成四、考查情态动词+动词不定式完成式的其他用法1.should(oughtto)+不定式的完成式：本来应该做而实际上又没有做。其否定形式表示某中行为不该发生却发生了。①—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—You________herlastweek.(2004福建卷)A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold②Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I______somuchfriedchickenjustnow.(2002上海春季卷)A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeatenC.shoul