【非谓语动词】过去分词

精品高考英语课件之过去分词1.作定语2.作表语3.作宾补4.作状语•（1）单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。*Thewrittenreportoftheaccidentwassenttothehead-officeofthepolicestation.*Theideaspresentedinthatbookareinteresting.1.过去分词作定语•（2）及物动词的过去分词含有被动、完成的含义。*Thegovernmentdecidedtorebuildthedamagedbridge.•（3）过去分词作定语通常可以扩展为一个含被动语态的定语从句。*Heisfondofthefoodcookedbyyourmother(=whichiscookedbyyourmother).过去分词作定语A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayingA①过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。②现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。③不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。firstplayedin776B.C.=whichwasfirstplayedin776B.C.TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.2.Doyouknowthenameoftheplay___inthehallnow?A.tobeputonB.beingputonC.putonD.puttingonCBAA4.Pleasedon’tforgethim.Heisoneof_______.A.thoseinvitedB.invitedthoseC.thoseinvitingD.invitingthose3.Iborrowedabook______byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite1.Didyouattendthemeeting______yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld（1）用作表语的过去分词表示动作的完成和状态，相当于形容词。*Thedooris/remainslocked.*Don’tgetexcited.*Heseemedquitedelighted.*You’requitemistaken.*I’minterestedinhistory.2.过去分词作表语（2）表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,pleased,surprised,excited,frightened,shocked,disappointed)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known,married,)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。③Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult.④He’squiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners.过去分词常用于某些固定的词组中•（3）过去分词常用于某些固定的词组中beinterestedinsth./doingsth.beclosedtosth./sb.(接近)beengagedinsth./doingsth.bepreparedtodosth.belostinsthbedressedin___inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed•(4)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别•用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。•被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。①Theglassisbroken.TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.②Thewindowsareclosed.ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.过去分词作表语C该题考查分词作表语的用法。“topaysb.bythehour”计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay2.Assoonasheenteredthecity,he____.A.waslosingB.gotlosingC.grewlostD.gotlostCDC3.Whathehasdoneisreally____.Nowhisparentsare_____him.A.disappointing;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwithD.disappointed;disappointingby1.Theroomsare____,soyoucan’tmovein.A.paintedB.paintingC.beingpaintedD.tobepainted过去分词作宾补(1).过去分词的特点①表动作完成、状态或全过程。Ifoundthecountrysidechangedalot.②及物动词与宾语是被动关系.Iwanttogetmyhaircuttomorrow.③不及物动词只表示宾语动作完成、状态或全过程。无被动意味。WhenIreturnedthere,Ifoundthebaggone.Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.①表“希望，要求”的动词：want,wish,expect,wish,like,order+(tobe)doneIwantthework(tobe)finishedbySunday.Jimorderedtheroom(tobe)cleaned.②表“感觉，心理状态”的动词：see,hear,feel,watch,notice,find,think+object+p.p.Wesawthethiefcaughtbythepolice.Peoplefoundthewaterpolluted.(2).可接过去分词作宾补的动词③使役动词make,get,have,keepIwanttogetmyhaircuttomorrow.=Iwanttogetthebarbertocutmyhair.=Iwanttoletthebarbercutmyhair.④介词短语作宾补with,without+n.+p.p.Doyouknowthemanwithhishandstiedback?Theyleftwithoutadishtouched.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_____behindshisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tiedD4.过去分词作状语（1）过去分词作状语，修饰谓语，大多说明动作发生的背景或情景，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等。一般说来，这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语。通常能改为表被动的条件状语从句。a、表示时间Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.Whenitisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.b、表示条件Keptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.Iftheyarekeptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.c、表示原因d、表示伴随情况e、表示让步Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.Astheyweredeeplymoved,thechildrenbegantocry.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,andwasfollowedbyherlittledaughter.Beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.Althoughhewasbeatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.过去分词1.作状语___inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.ToloseC1.该题考查过去分词作状语的用法。动词-ing或过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语应是主句主语。2.“陷入深思”有两种表达法，A.LoseoneselfinthoughtB.belostinthought按句子提供的语境可用结构B.________areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.HavingnotreceivedCBefore_____,themachinemustbechecked.A.beingusedB.usingitC.beingusedtoD.usingA____betterattention,thevegetablescouldhavegrownbetterwiththesunshiningbrightlyintheskyand____themlight.A.Giving;givenB.Given;givenC.Giving;givingD.Given;givingD•（1）．语态上的不同：•现在分词一般表示主动的意思。及物动词的过去分词一般表示被动的意思。amovingfilm(主动)amovedaudience(被动)Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.Seeingfromthespace,wecanfindtheearthisblue.5.现在分词与过去分词的区别•(2)．时间关系上的不同：作定语时，现在分词往往表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词往往表示已经完成的动作。*boilingwaterboiledwater*thedevelopingcountriesthedevelopedcountries•(2)．修饰的对象不同：现在分词表示主语的性质，而且主语多为物；过去分词表示主语的感受或状态，主语多为人。*Howdisappointedhefeltattheresultoftheelection!Howdisappointingtheelectionis!•（4）．分词作表语时的区别表示“令人……的；都是-ing形式，表示“感到……的”都用-ed形式。常见的这类词有：interesting—interesteddelighting—delightedpleasing—pleasedworrying—worriedsatisfying—satisfiedsurprising—surpriseddisappointing—disappointedencouraging—encouraged