动词不定式及练习题

不定式主动形式被动形式一般式（not）tomake（not）tobemadeHeseemstoknowthis.完成式（not）tohavemade（not）tohavebeenmadeI'msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.进行时（not）tobemakingHeseemstobeeatingsomething.完成进行式（not）tohavebeenmakingSheisknowntohavebeenwreakingontheproblemformanyyears.发泄怒火，报仇therebe+不定式believe,expect,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,want,wish,understandWedidn'texpecttheretobesomanypeoplethere.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。动词+疑问词+todecide,know,considerforget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,findout,explain,tellPleaseshowushowtodothat.Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan'tmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.加不定式better;thefirst,thenext,thelast,thebest,toomuch,toolittle,notenoughIt'sforsb.和It'sofsb.1）forsb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式形容词，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等：It'sveryhardforhimtostudytwolanguages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的。2）ofsb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right，silly。It'sveryniceofyoutohelpme.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。.不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：(1)表示将来的动作。ThenexttraintoarriveisfromWashington.(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词。Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepapertowritevion?(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍用主动语态；Doyouhaveanthyingtodo?如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，则需用被动语态。Isthereanythingtobedone?(4)不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句，toarrive=thatwillarrive。省略不定式to表示个人意愿或倾向的wouldrather，hadbetter，might(just)aswell：ratherthan置于句首时。Ratherthanrideonacrowdedbus,healwayspreferstorideabike.由and,or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to可以省去通常在discover,imagine,suppose,think,understand等词后，可以省去tobe：Heissupposed(tobe)nice.他应该是个好人。当两个或多个不定时短语由连词and，but或or连接时，后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略。但若表示对比、对照关系时，则不能省略。HewantstomovetoFranceandmarrythegirl.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,nottomakeitmoredifficult.不定式做表语时，一般要带to，但若主语部分中含有do的各种形式时，符号to可省去。We'vemissedthelastbus.Allwecoulddonowiswalkhome.当too前面有only,all,but时，意思是：非常…等于very。而不属于too….to句型I'monlytoopleasedtobeabletohelpyou.我非常高兴能帮助你。Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.他非常想回家。1.Thiscompanywasthefirst____portableradiosaswellascassettetaperecordersintheworld.A.producingB.toproduceC.havingproducedD.produced2.Thepurposeofnewtechnologyistomakelifeeasier,____itmoredifficult.A.notmakingB.notmakeC.nottomakeD.nortomake3.Helenhadtoshout______abovethesoundofthemusic.A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard4.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen_____,butIamgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.A.tobeheard.B.tobebearingC.tohearD.tohaveheard5.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only______thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told6.Youweresillynot_______yourcar.A.tolockB.tohavelockedC.lockingD.havinglocked7.Theteacheraskedus______somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake8.Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadbeenordered_____clearwarningsbeforefiringanyshots.A.toissueB.beingissuedC.tohaveissuedD.tobeissued9.I’dratherhavearoomofmyown,howeversmallitis,than_______aroomwithsomeoneelse.A.toshareB.tohavesharedC.shareD.sharing10.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper_________inbroaddaylightyesterday.A.robbedB.tohavebeenrobbedC.beingrobbedD.havingbeenrobbed11.Anumberofpaintingsinthecastlearebelieved________inafire.A.beingdestroyedB.havingbeendestroyedC.tobedestroyedD.tohavebeendestroyed12.Themeeting_______nextweekissuretobeagreatsuccess.A.totakeplaceB.tobetakenplaceC.tohavetakenplaceD.beingtakenplace13.Asaresultofmylaziness,Ifailed________myworkintime.A.andfinishedB.tofinishC.andfinishingD.tofinished14.Iamsorry______writtenyoualetteratthetime.A.tohavenotB.tonothaveC.nottohaveD.nothaving15.Willyoulendhimamagazine_________?A.tobereadB.forreadingC.toreadD.heread16.Hecoulddonothingbut_______forthebus_________.A.wait,tocomeB.wait;comeC.waiting;comingD.waited;came17.Itisaproblemthatdoesn'tneed________rightnow.A.tosolveB.solvingC.beingsolvedD.tobesolving18.There’samanatthereceptiondeskwhoseemsveryangryandIthinkhemeans_______trouble.A.makingB.tomakeC.tohavemadeD.havingmade19.Iremember_______him_______thebikeneeded__________.A.hearing,saying,torepairB.tohear,say,torepairC.hearing,say,repairingD.tohear,saying,toberepaired20.---Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.---Imeant_________,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn’tfindheranywhere.A.todoB.toC.doingD.doingso21.Robertissaidto__________abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyB.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying22.I’mgongtoXi’annextweek.Haveyouanything__________toyourparents?A.totakeB.tobetakenC.tobeboughttoD.tobuy23.whenarethey__________intheirplan?A.handB.handedC.tohandD.give24.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_____________.A.havesurvivedB.aretosurviveC.wouldsurvivedD.willsurvive25.Whenwehurriedtothestation,therehappened________nobusatthattime.A.tohaveB.tobeC.havingD.being26.Ilostmywayincompletedarknessand,_________mattersworse,itbegantorain.A.madeB.havingmadeC.makingD.tomake27.At________timedoesthesalesgirlgetuplateinthemorning,thoughsheisalwaystoobusy_________agoodrest.A.no,totakeB.no,takingC.any,totakeD.one,taking28.--Areyouastuden