高级综合商务英语2-Unit-4-Executive-Caliber

UnitFourExecutiveCaliberLead-inDiscussion1.Whatkindofleadersdoyouwanttohaveinyourfuturecareer?Readthenextseveralslidesforsomeclues.Lead-inDiscussionLead-inDiscussionLead-inDiscussionLead-inDiscussionLead-inDiscussionLead-inDiscussionLead-inDiscussionLead-inDiscussion2.ThefollowingfiguresareCEOsorex-CEOsindifferentcorporations;canyoutelltheirstories?Whatqualitiescontributedtotheirsuccess?Lead-inDiscussionStructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-4Selfishnesscontributedtothecrisisofbusinessaswellasthatofcapitalism.Para.5-33Fivehalf-truthsshapethewaywethinkaboutbusinessandthewaywedobusiness.PartIQuestionsaboutPartIQ1.What'sthemainideaofPartI(Para.1-4)?Selfishnesscontributedtothecrisisofbusinessaswellasthatofcapitalism.Q2.Theauthorsmention“acrisis”atthebeginningofthetext.Whataccountsfortheoccurrenceofthecrisis?Allofuswhobelieveinbusinessareallcaptivesoffivehalf-truthsthatshapethewaywethinkaboutbusinessandthewaywedobusiness.Asaresult,wemaydestroytheverythingwecherish.PartIQuestionsaboutPartIQ3.Whatdoes“theverythingwecherish”referto?“Theverythingwecherish”referstoourdeeplyrootedcorevalues.PartIQuestionsaboutPartIQ4.What’sthedefinitionof“half-truth”?Half-truthisastatement,especiallyoneintendedtodeceive,thatomitssomeofthefactsnecessaryforafulldescriptionoraccount.PartIQuestionsaboutPartIScandalandrecessionhavecastapallonthewayCEOsgoaboutleadingtheircompanies.Threedistinguishedprofessorssendthismemo—FiveHalf-truthsofBusiness—asawake-upcall.(Line1,Introduction)ScandalandeconomicdeclinehaveproducednegativeinfluencesonthewayhowCEOsleadtheircompanies.Threecelebratedprofessorssendthismemoaboutfivehalf-truthsofbusinesstogivewarningsandsuggestionstoCEOs.PartISentenceInterpretationrecession(Introduction)n.anextendeddeclineingeneralbusinessactivitysynonyms:depression,declineexample:Inspiteoftherecession,privatecarsalesare5percentup.PartIWordsandExpressionscatastrophe(para.2)n.agreat,oftensuddencalamitysynonyms:calamity,disasterexample:Foreachmanwholoseshisjobunemploymentisapersonalcatastrophe.PartIWordsandExpressionsdistress(para.3)n.anxietyormentalsufferingsynonyms:agony,anguishexample:Hewasinanextremestateofdistressduetotheterminationofhisemployment.PartIWordsandExpressionsCEOAchiefexecutiveofficer(CEO)isthehighest-rankingcorporateofficer(executive)oradministratorinchargeoftotalmanagementofanorganization.AnindividualappointedasaCEOofacorporationtypicallyreportstotheboardofdirectors.TheCEOpresidesovertheexecutivecommittee.PartINotesQ1.What’sthemainideaofPartII(Para.5-Para.33)?Fivehalf-truthsshapethewaywethinkaboutbusinessandthewaywedobusiness.PartIIQuestionsaboutPartIIQ2.Pleaseillustratethestructureofthesecondpartwhichcanbefurtherdividedintofivesections.PartIIQuestionsaboutPartIIParagraphsSubheadingsa.Para(s)5-9Thefirsthalf-truth:We'reonlyinitforourselves.b.Para(s)10-16Thesecondhalf-truth:Corporationsexisttomaximizeshareholdervalue.c.Para(s)17-22Thethirdhalf-truth:CompaniesneedCEOswhoareheroicleaders.d.Para(s)23-27Thefourthhalf-truth:Companiesneedtobeleanandmean.e.Para(s)28-33Thefifthhalf-truth:Arisingtideliftsallboats.Q3.What’sthemainideaofSectionI(Para.5-Para.9)?Thefirsthalf-truthisthatwe'reonlyinitforourselves.PartIIQuestionsaboutPartIIQ4.Theauthorsmentioned“financierswhowalkawayfromunethicaldeals(Para.7)”;takeinternationalconstructionasanillustration,canyougiveanyexamplesofunethicaldeals?Bidshopping,procurementofsubstandard/defectivematerials,bribery,andemploymentofillegalworkersarethemostprevalentethicsissuesininternationalconstruction.PartIIQuestionsaboutPartIIBusinesssimplywon'tworkifeachofusisonlyinitforourselves.Whileweneedtohaveindividualinitiative,wesurviveinacontextofsocialengagement.(Line4,Para.9)Ifweonlypursuepersonalinterests,businessjustwon’twork.Althoughindividualambitionisnecessary,socialinteractionissomethingthatwecannotlivewithout.PartIISentenceInterpretationmaximize(para.5)v.toincreaseormakeasgreataspossibleantonym:minimizeexample:Settingofftwinbombsisaclassicguerrillatacticwhichseekstomaximizecasualties.PartIIWordsandExpressionsintegrity(para.6)n.steadfastadherencetoastrictmoralorethicalcodesynonyms:honesty,sincerityexample:Theactionisasignofhowpersonalintegrityisnowseenascrucialasthefinancialsectorseekstorestoreitsreputation.PartIIWordsandExpressionsPartIIQuestionsaboutPartII•Q5:What'sthemainideaofSectionII(Para.10-Para.16)?•Thesecondhalf-truthisthatcorporationsexisttomaximizeshareholdervalue.PartIIQuestionsaboutPartII•Q6:InPara.13,theauthorsmention“shareholder”,“stockholder”and“stakeholder”;what’sthedifferenceamongthem?•Ashareholderorstockholderisanyonewhoownssharesofagivencorporationormutualfund.Stockholderscanbeindividualsorinstitutions,withtheonlyrequirementbeingownershipofatleastoneshare.Collectively,theshareholdersprovideasignificantportionofthecapitaloftheorganization.PartIIQuestionsaboutPartII•Q6:InPara.13,theauthorsmention“shareholder”,“stockholder”and“stakeholder”;what’sthedifferenceamongthem?•Anyonewhoisaffectedbytheoperationsoftheorganizationcanbedefinedasastakeholder.Thisincludesbothinterna