国际会计学第六版chapter 1

Choi/Meek,6/e1InternationalAccounting,6/eFrederickD.S.ChoiGaryK.MeekChapter1:IntroductionChoi/Meek,6/e2LearningObjectivesHowisinternationalaccountingdistinctfromdomesticaccounting?Whatdoesinternationalaccountingdiversityentail?Doesinternationalaccountinghaveahistory?Whatfactorsarecontributingtotheimportanceofinternationalaccountingasafieldofstudy?Choi/Meek,6/e3Whatexternalandinternalreportingissuesarisewhenbusinessandinvestingtranscendnationalborders?Whatismeantbytheterm,globalcapitalmarkets,andwhatdoesdevelopmentmeanforcapitalmarketparticipants?Choi/Meek,6/e4WhatisInternationalAccounting?Domesticaccounting:aninformationspecialtyprovidinginformationaboutafirmtousersofthatinformationasabasisforeconomicdecisions.Choi/Meek,6/e5Internationalaccounting(defined):sameasaboveexceptthatthefirmbeingreportedonisamultinationalcompanywithoperationsandtransactionsthatcrossnationalboundariesoranentitywithreportingobligationstonon-domesticreaders.Choi/Meek,6/e6WhatDoesInternationalAccountingDiversityEntail?MeasurementprinciplesFinancialdisclosure(corporatetransparency)AuditingpracticesChoi/Meek,6/e7ContributingFactorsAccounting’sinternationalheritageDouble-entryoriginatesintheItaliancitystates.BookkeepingspreadstoGermanyandassiststhespreadofcapitalism.Dutchenhanceincomemeasurement.Choi/Meek,6/e8Frenchuseaccountingforgovernmentalplanningandcontrol.DoubleentryassiststheBritishinmanagingandcontrollingcommercialinterestsinthecolonies.AccountingplaysamajorroleintheU.S.industrialrevolution.Choi/Meek,6/e9ContributingFactors(contin)ParadoxofinternationalaccountingInmanycountries,accountingremainsanationalisticaffair.Accountingservespeopleandinstitutionswhosedecisionsareinternationalinscope.Accountingdiversitycreatesademandforharmonization.Choi/Meek,6/e10ContributingFactors(contin)GrowthandspreadofmultinationaloperationsChoi/Meek,6/e11Choi/Meek,6/e12ContributingFactors(contin)ReportingissueswhenbusinesstranscendsnationalboundariesConsolidationofforeignaccountsAccountingforforeigncurrencyfluctuationsAccountingforchangingpricesInternationalplanningandcontrolPerformanceevaluationofforeignoperationsFinancialriskmanagementInternationaltaxationandtransferpricingChoi/Meek,6/e13•FinancialinnovationIdentifyingpotentialmarketrisksQuantifyingtrade-offsassociatedwithalternativeriskreductionstrategiesMeasuringriskexposuresAccountingforspecifichedgeproductsEvaluatingtheeffectivenessofhedgingprogramsChoi/Meek,6/e14ContributingFactors(contin)GlobalcompetitionCompetitivebenchmarkingnecessitatesinternationalcomparisons.Choi/Meek,6/e15Choi/Meek,6/e16ContributingFactors(contin)Cross-bordermergersandacquisitionsCorporatevaluationisafunctionofaccountingmeasurementsthatvaryfromcountrytocountry.E.g.,theeinp/evaluationmultiples.InternationalizationofcapitalmarketsRaisingexternalfinanceabroadmeansthatfinancialreportsmustincreasinglytravelinternationally.Choi/Meek,6/e17Choi/Meek,6/e18ContributingFactors(contin)ReportingissuesassociatedwithinternationalizationofcapitalmarketsHowtoanalyzeandinterpretforeignaccounts?Howtoreporttoforeignreaders?Howtoharmonizereportingstandardsinternationally?Choi/Meek,6/e19OtherChapterExhibitsChoi/Meek,6/e20ChapterExhibits(contin)Choi/Meek,6/e21ChapterExhibits(contin)Choi/Meek,6/e22ChapterExhibits(contin)Choi/Meek,6/e23ChapterExhibits(contin)