雅思阅读语法9--虚拟语气

虚拟语气在雅思阅读中体现Tracey•虚拟句式一：非真实条件句(IF)•虚拟句式二：wish引导的宾语从句•虚拟句式三：固定虚拟表达★★虚拟句式一：非真实条件句(IF)条件从句（if）结果主句现在一般过去时(be动词一律用were)would/should+do过去过去完成时（haddone）would/shouldhavedone将来一般过去时were+todoshould+dowould/should+do•例如：Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。•含义：Theyarenothere,theycan’thelpyou.•例如：Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。含义：Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit.例如：Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的。Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.•含义：Youarenotlikelytosucceed,everythingwillbewhatitisnow.现在情况•IfIcouldchangesomething,Iwouldhavefewerclasses.（剑3，TR，S）（——请翻译——）•Ifyouatemoreandtalkedless,wewouldbothenjoyourdinner.（——请翻译——）过去情况•Iftheyhadstudiedharder,theywouldhavepassedtheIELTStest.（——请翻译——）•Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wewouldnothaveachievedsomuchinourwork.（——请翻译——）将来情况•Ifweweretodoitagainwe’dprobablyhiredonkeysalongtheway.（剑2，T1，L）（——请翻译——）错综时间条件句•Doyouthinktheeventwouldbejustasmemorableifyouhadn’twon?(剑3，T3，S）你觉得假如当时你没有获胜，这次比赛还会一样难忘吗？如果当初你采取我的建议，那你现在就不会在监狱里了。•If(过去),主句（现在）•Haddone,woulddo（翻译）__________________________________________________________________________________IfthetrendsapparentintheUnitedStates14yearsagohadcontinued,researcherscalculatetherewouldbeanadditionalonemilliondisabledelderlypeopleintoday’spopulation.(剑6，T2，R）（翻译）__________________________________________________________________________________含蓄条件句的虚拟•butfor，without•Butforhishelp，Iwouldnothavefinisheditsoearly.•原形----•Ifithadnotbeenforhishelp，Iwouldnothavefinisheditsoearly.（对过去进行虚拟）虚拟句式二：wish引导的宾语从句宾语从句①现在虚拟过去时②过去虚拟过去完成时③将来虚拟would（could,might,should)+do•①现在虚拟(对现在虚拟---过去时）•IwishIwereastallasyou.•IwishIcouldstandonabusystreetcorner,hatinhand,andbegpeopletothrowmealltheirwastedhours.我希望自己站在熙熙攘攘的街角,手里拿着帽子,乞求人们把浪费的时光扔给我.•②过去虚拟（对过去虚拟---过去完成时）•Hewishedhehadn'tsaidthat.•IwishIhadnevermethim.•③将来虚拟（对将来虚拟----woulddo)•Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.•Mrs.Brownwisheshersonwouldbecomealawyer.Ifonly=wish•Ifonlyhehadtakenmyadviceyearsago.•要是几年前他听从了我的建议就好了。•对过去的虚拟（过去完成时）比较：onlyif表示只有；Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。虚拟句式三：固定虚拟表达•⑴Itis（high）time…(过去时）•“应该、开始…,是``的时候了”•It’s（high）timeIstartedbelievinginmyself.•区分于:•Itistime(forsb.)todosth.（2）need不必做和本不必做didn'tneedtodo表示过去不必做某事,事实上也没做。needn'thavedone表示过去不必做某事,但事实上做了。•JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary,soshedidn'tneedtowalkbackhome.约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。•JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary,sosheneedn'thavewalkedbackhome.约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。（Mary步行回家了，没有遇上John的车。）（3）lest,forfearthat和incase引起的从句(这时谓语多用should＋加动词原形)WedarenotplayjokesonMr.Wanglestheshouldbecomeangry.(我们不敢跟王先生开玩笑，恐怕他生气。)•Hehurriedon,lestheshoulddropoutintheforcedmatch.(他加紧步伐，生怕在急行军中掉队。)Everyattentionmustbepaidtohimlesthe(should)feelthatheisinferiortomyotherguests.(我对他特别关照，唯恐他感觉到比我的其他客人低人一等。)•He’sworkinghardforfearthatheshouldfailintheexam.(他加紧学习唯恐考试不及格。)THEEND！