英国宗教

ThereligionoftheunitedkingdomReligiouscategoryThereligioninBritisharemainlyChristianandNon-ChristianChurches.Christian•About72percentofthewholepopulation•ThreemaindenominationsinBritishChristian:TheChurchofEnglandThechurchofScotlandTheRomeCatholicChurchOtherChristianDenominations•somenonconformist(不墨守成规者)ProtestantsestablishedsomeFreeChurches,suchasMethodistChurch,TheBaptistUnionofGreatBritain,TheUnitedReformChurch,TheSalvationArmy,Quakersandsoon.Non-Christianchurches•Non-ChristianChurchesmainlyincludesIslamism(伊斯兰教),Hinduism（印度教)andsomeotherreligions.Theymakeupabout5.1percentofBritishpopulation.HISTORY1stBC:RomansintroducedChristianityintoBritain16thcentury:ReformationimplementedbyHenryrejectedthesupremacyofthepopeofRomanCatholicandfoundtheChurchofEnglandasastatechurchHISTORY16th-17th:manyProtestantsformedNonconformistordissentingchurches18th-19thothergroupsfoundedavarietyofNonconformistsectsHISTORY•Judaism(犹太教)•Before20TH:1.theonlyimportantnon-Christian2.appearin1066andsufferedanoutrightexpulsionin1290•19th-20th:BritishsocietyaremoretolerateofJewsTheChurchofEngland•TheChurchofEnglandisthenationalchurchofEngland.ThemonarchistheSupremeGovernoroftheChurchofEnglandandDefenderofthefaith.TheChurchofEngland•ThechurchisbasedonanEpiscopalhierarchyandisdividedintotwoprovinces,ie,CanterburyandYork.•CanterburyCathedralandWestminsterAbbeyaretwonationalshrine(圣地)oftheChurchofEnglandCanterburyCathedralWestminsterAbbeyTheChurchofEngland•TheHighChurch:favorRomanCatholicismandstressonelaborateritualtradition•ThelowChurch:moreprotestantandbasesfaithonsimplicityandliteralinterpretationofBibleTheChurchofEngland•In1992,itapprovedtheordinationofwoman.•47percentoftheBritishpopulationisAnglicanandtheyarebaptized,marriedandburiedthereTheChurchofScotlandThechurchofScotlandhasbeenconfirmedbysuccessivelegislationastheofficialnationalchurchinScotland.TheBritishmonarchisanordinarymemberandsweartodefendthesecurityofthechurch.TheChurchofScotland•Thechurchisgovernedbyordainedministersandelectedelders.Itmeetseveryyearunderthepresidency.•Ithasmanysplits(分支)sciencetheReformation,suchastheFreeChurchofScotland,FreePresbyterianChurchofScotlandandsoonTheRomanCatholicChurch•Today,CatholicismiswidelypracticedthroughoutBritainandenjoyscompletereligiousfreedom,expectthatRomanCatholicsareforbiddenfrombecomingmonarchTheRomanCatholicChurch•TenpercentofBritishcitizenaretheRomanCatholics.Inaddition,thechurchhasanextensiveformalstructureinthecountryNowadays•Today,theChurchofEnglandstillmaintainsaconstitutionalpositioninthelegislature.AndtheBishopsarebecomingmoreactiveintheHouseoflords.•However,itiswidelyfeltthatthechurch,likethemonarch,shouldnotinvolveitselfinpoliticalissuesNowadays•Despitethefactthatthechurchhassufferedgreatdeclineinchurchmembershipandtherehasbeenafallinactualchurchattendancetheseyears,manypeoplestillidentitythemasbelieversNowadays•AndthechurchstillhassomecontinuousinfluenceonBritainpeopleandtheirculture.IfwewanttoknowtheBritishpeople,wehavetolearntheirculture;ifwewanttounderstandtheirculture,wehavetoknowtheirreligionfirst!