中考英语总复习大纲

中考英语语法总复习大纲一．词语辨析1.somephotos=afewphotos=severalphotossometea=alittleteafewtomatoes=notmanytomatoeslittlecoffee=notmuchcoffeealotof=lotsof=plentyof=many/much＊quiteafew﹤quitealotof…agreatdealof=agreatamountofagreatnumberof2.HewasabletospeakJapanese.=HecouldspeakJapanese.Iamabletomendabike.=Icanmendabike.MayIsithere?—Ofcourse,youcan.Shemaybeacook.(notsure)=Maybesheisacook.＊Shemustbeacook.(verysure)3.after2:00/afterme.behindthedoor/behindher.4.Iamtallerthanbefore/beforetheholiday.Ihaveseenthisfilmbefore.ShesaidthatshevisitedBentwodaysbefore.Icameheretwodaysago.5.Allthestudentslovehim.Iknowthewholestory.6.DoesSallyknowthenews,too?DoesSallyalsoknowthenews?Sally(also)knowsthenews,(too).IhavenotbeentoGermany,either.7.always﹥usually﹥often﹥sometimes﹥never＊Always←→never.usually…butsometimes….8.another另一个Pleaseshowmeanotherone./theother另一个（两个中的）Herearetwooranges.Oneisforyou,theotherisforme.＊Heoftenhelpsothers.(别人)Thereare50studentsinourclass.Twenty-fourareboys,theothersaregirls.(其余的=therest)＊some…others…一些…一些…9.assoonas一…就…/atonce马上，立刻/quickly(动作)快/fast(速度)快/soon（时间）快；不久。10.as（作为）Asastudentyoushouldstudyhard.like（像）Catslookliketigers.Don’tdoitlikethat.11.become(成为)/get（渐渐地）变法/grow（生长，增长）/turn（颜色）变/go（顺其自然地）变Everythinggoeswell.一切（发展）顺利。12.because回答why问句13.begin开始/begin=start,leave=start出发，离开。14.below←→above/under←→over(垂直)15.between(两者)之中/among（三者之上）中间16.big(整体)大/large（面积）大/great伟大的、好极的17.bring带来/take拿走/get得到/carry扛、抬、挑/hold握着、举行、容纳18.evening(18:00–21:00)傍晚,晚上night(21:00以后)夜晚。19.everyday=eachday/eachofthem(OK)Everyof×20.fallasleep入睡，睡着了/go(get)toasleep（渐渐）入睡/gotobed（上床）睡觉/sleep(n./v.)睡觉21.except/exceptfor22.good(质)好/fine（天气、身体）好/well（身体）好(adj.)v.adv.好23.happy愉快，幸福。/glad（高兴）/pleased24.havebeento到过，去过(beback)/havegoneto去了(nothere)havebeenin在（多久了）TheyhavebeeninGZforayear.他们来广州/到广州一年了。25.hear听见（结果）/hearfrom…收到…来信=receive(get)aletterfromsb./hearof听说…（后跟单词，词组）.Haveyouheardthenews?/listen听（动作）listento听…＊Helistenedcarefullybutheardnothing.＊hearthat(从句)听说/IheardthatBenhadbeenbackfromFrance.26.high=verytall.讲“人”高用tall27.hopetodo希望/wish愿望，祝愿28.house房子/home家/family家庭，家人29.intheend≈atlast最后＊attheendoflastweek在上周末（用一般过去时）bytheendoflastweek直到上周末（用过去完成时）attheendofnextweek在下周末（用一般将来时）attheendofthestreet在街的尽头30.learn学会/study学习，研究31.little,alittleboy/small,asmallfarm./big←→small.32.live居住/stay停留，呆33.lookfor…寻找（动作）find找到（结果）/findout查出lookup查阅（单词）＊find发现，觉得。34.love热爱/like喜欢/enjoy享受…乐趣＊enjoy=like…verymuchEnjoyyourself=Haveagoodtime.35.muchwater=alotof…/lotsof…manybooks=alotof…/lotsof…36.must必须，一定要（主观上）/haveto不得不（客观上要）/need必要＊Mustwehandinthehomeworknow?No,youneedn’t.＊Youmustn’ttakephotoshere.Youneedn’tcomeheresoearly.37.photo相片/picture相片，图画38.quite＜very＜so＜too39.raise=putup(vt.)/Raise(Putup)yourhandsifyouknowtheanswer./rise升起，上升（vi.）/Thesunalwaysrisesintheeast.40.road公路/street街道/thewaytothetoilet/BeijingRoad/High–way41.say说（内容）/speak说（能力）/tell告诉/talk（交谈）/tellmeastory,tellthetruth,tellalie,tellmeaboutyourcountry/speakChinese≈sayitinChinese/talkto(with)Ben42.look看（动作）/lookatsb(sth)看着（某人，某物）/see看见（结果）watch观看/read阅读，朗读（书、报、杂志）＊Seeafilm/seethedoctor/watchTV/watchthegame(match)43.shout叫喊，shoutat(to)sb./cry哭喊/call叫，呼，打电话。44.spend花费(sb作主语,onsth)/(in)doingsth./use使用(sb作主语todosth)/take花费（时间）有一个句型Ittakessb.timetodosth./cost花费(sth作主语)有一个句型sth.costssb.money.45.sound（泛指）声音/noise嘈杂声/voice嗓音(sound(v)听起来)46.suchagoodstudent=Sogoodastudent/Sobeautiful=Howbeautiful/Suchanoldbuilding=whatanoldbuilding.47.wear穿着（状态）/puton穿上（动作）＊Heiswearingapairofglasses=Heiswithapairofglasses.Sheiswearingabeautifuldress(n)=Sheisinabeautifuldress(n.)＊dressup乔装打扮/dresssb为某人穿衣48.While（正当…时）Iwascooking,someoneknockedatthedoor.=Iwascookingwhen(在…时，延时)someoneknockedatthedoor.49.borrowsthfromsb向某人借某物lendsthtosb把某物借给别人keepsthforlong借某物已久50.die(v.)/deadadj./deathn.WeweresadwhenweknewhisdeathHediedtwoweeksago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoweeks.51.sometimes有时sometimes数次sometime某个时候sometime一段时间二．常见不可数名词news/music/weather/information/homework/work/paper/food/fruit/milk/tea/coffee/water/drink/bread/meat/rice/time/(apieceofnews)三．派生词v+er→nspeaker/writer/runner/winner/swimmer/(visitorinventor)adj+ness→n.illness/business/happiness/kindness名词—名词science–scientist/art—artist/music–musician名词（动词）+ful/less→adj.hopeful—hopelesshelpful—helplessuseful—useless名词+y→adjsunny/snowy/windy/rainy/cloudy/funny/adj+ly→adv.widely/suddenly/angrily/gently/terribly/truly名词+ly→adj,friendly反义词：advantage–disadvantagepossible—impossiblehappy--unhappy对称反义词：danger—safety(n.)dangerous–safe(adj.)all—noneboth—neitheralways—neverwide—narrow注意词性：true—truly—truthdie—dead—deathnoise—noisy—noisilyhealth—healthy—healthilyluck—lucky—luckily连系动词后用adj.Thefoodsmellsdelicious(be,look,feel,taste,smell,sound,get,turn,become)四．数词1.abouttwohundredstudents2.severalhundredsofstudents3.inMay,20084.onMay25,20085.inthemorning6.Onacoldmorning7.OnthemorningofMay25五．形容词、副词1.writecarefully2.acarefulgirl(Sheiscareful.)3.Keepstrong/makeiteasy4.somethingimportant5.tallenough/quicklyenough6.thepeoplehere/there7.sixmetreslong8.Theroomisverybright.(very,so,too,qui