台州学院大二下英语跨文化交际课后答案

TheEnglishcharacter①Whatisareservedpersonlike?areservedpersonisonewhodoesnottalkverymuchtostrangers.doesnotshowmuchemotion,andseldomgetsexcited.②whatisthecharacteroftheEnglishmen?Sincereserve,ashowofmodestyandasenseofhumorarepartofhisownnature,thetypicalEnglishmantendstoexpecttheminothers.③whatissportsmanship?Sportsmanshipistheabilitytopracticeasportaccordingtoitsrules,whilealsoshowinggenerositytoone’sopponentandgoodtemperindefeat.TheAmericancharacter①CanyousummarizethecharacterofAmericans?ThenewEnglanderisdescribedassternandself-reliant,thesouthernersasgraciousandleisurely,andthewesternersascasualandfriendly.②InwhatsenseisthepioneeringspiritstillanimportantpartoftheAmericancharacter?ThepioneeringspiritoftheimmigrantisstillanimportantpartoftheAmericancharacter.③whatistheAmericandream?what’sitsimpactontheAmericancharacter?Americandream-thebeliefthatanyindividual,nomatterhowpoor,canachievewealthandfamethroughdiligenceandvirtue.④whatarethebasicrootsofAmericancharacter?pioneeringspirit。⑤regionaldifferences.thoughsomeregionaldifferencesremain,mostnotablyincookingstylesandspeechpatterns,theattitudesandvaluesthatAmericanshareareoffargreatersignificance.Eastandwest,differentvalues.①accordingtheConfucianism,whatarethefivecardinalrelationships.in.Chinese.society.and.what.should.these.relationships.be?.that.is.the.well-known.five.relationships:ruler-minister,father-son,husband-wife,elder-youngerbrotherandfriend-friend.②canyoutellthemaininfluenceofConfucianismontheideologyofChinesepeople?Duringthemorethantwothousandyearsofthefeudalperiodtherulingclassarrangedeverythingbythisrelationship,andthenformedahierarlhicasociety,inthiskindofsociety,aministerowesloyaltytohisruler,andachildshowsfilialrespecttohisparent.③canyoutellthemaininfluenceoftherenaissanceonwesternvalues.Peoplebegantoemphasizethedignityofhumanbeingsandtheimportanceofthepresentlife.④whatisthedifferencebetweencollectivismandindividualism?Anindividualistcultureisoneinwhichpeopletendtoviewthemselvesasindividualsandtoemphasizetheneedsofindividuals.usuallyconsidertheneedsofthegrouptobemoreimportantthantheneedsofindividuals.⑤areallthewesternersindividualists?arealltheChinesecollectivists?Sayingthatwesterncultureisindividualistdoesnotmeanthatallwesternersarealwaysindividualist.Americanfamily①howdoAmericanstreattheirnewly-bornbabiesandyoungadults?comparethedifferencewithChinesefamilies.it’scommonforparentstoputanewborninaseparatebedoom,topreservetheirprivay,manyhildrenaretaughtatanearlyagetomakedecisionsandtoberesponsiblefortheiraction.uponreachingacertainage.Beenencouraged“leavethenest”andbeginindependentlives.parentfeelthatchildrenshouldmakemajorlifedecisionsbythemselves.②whatisthebaseofanAmericanmarriage?whyisdivorceratesohighintheunitedstates?Romanticloveismostoftenthebasisformarriageintheunitedstates.americansexpectsomuchfrommarriagethatsomanygetdivorced.theyprefernomarriageatalltoamarriagewithoutlove.③whatisthetypicallifetotheoldpeopleinAmerican?whydon’ttheylivetogetherwiththeirchildren?Societalandfamilialtreatmentoftheelderlyalsoreflectsthevalueofindependentandindividualism.itiscommonpracticeforfamiliestoplacetheirolderrelativesinnursinghomes.SocialRelationshipandFriendshipintheEastandWest①whatarethecharacteristicsofAmericansocialrelationship?Furthermore,groupmembershipisimpermanent.②whyisAmericansocialrelationshipimpermanent?AmajorityofmembersinthedominantcultureoftheUnitedStatesagreetheindividual’sneedscomefirst.Whenone”sownneedsaremettoanacceotabledegree,thenonecanfulfillone’sresponsibilitiestoother.③whatarethedifferentunderstandingsoffriendshipbetweenChineseandAmerican?Americanshavecasual,friendlyrelationshipwithmanypeople,butdeeper,closerfriendshipwithonlyafew,theChinesearelikelytoreactmoretotheotherpersonasawholeandwillavoidformingfriendshipswiththosewhosevaluesandbehaviorsareinsomewaydeemedundesirable.Dietingandculture①whatarethefunctionsofchopsticks?ArcheologistsdiscoveredthatinChinesepre-history,theancientChinesealsousedforksandknivestoeatthefoodbeforeswitchingtochopsticks.②whatthepossiblereasonsforAmericans'useofforksandknivesatdinner?Meat,ofcourse,wastheirbasicfoodsourceandgraduallytooktheplaceofstaplefood.③whydoChinesepaymoreattentiontothetasteoffood?TheideaappealstothetraditionalideologyofChina.Confuciusemphasizedthedelightthatfoodcouldbringtous.④whydoAmericanspaymoreattentiontonutrition?UndertheinfluenceofpragmatismtheWesternsareinclinedtotaketheintakeoffoodintoconsiderationbasicallyfromthenutritionperspective.Intheireyes,foodoreatingisjustawaytokeephealthy,havinglittletodowithartistry.⑤DoyouknowwhyvegetablesbecamethestaplefoodoftheChinese,whilemeatbecamethemainfoodofAmericans?QuitedifferentfromChinatraditionalagriculturalcountrywhosemainfoodisbasedonvegetables,theancestorsofmanyWesterncountrieslivedbyhuntingduetosomeecologicalorhistoricalfactors.Education①howdotheChineseteachtheirchildren?HowdoAmericando?canyoufindthetheoriessupportingthetwodifferentteachingmethods?Chinesewereteachingbyholdinghishand;Americanweretryingtoteachchildthatonecansolve