presidential-inauguration

►Date►Location►Organizer►AttendeesDates♫Every4years♫April30♫March4♫March5♫January20♫January21♫TipThisMarch4datewaschangedtoJanuary20bytheTwentiethAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitution（美国宪法第20条修正案）in1933.WashingtongavehisfirstaddressonApril30,1789andhissecondoneonMarch4,1793,whichwasthecommencement(beginning)dateforpresidentialterms.LocationఞSincethefirstinaugurationofPresidentReaganin1981,theswearing-inceremonieshavebeenheldontheWestFrontoftheU.S.CapitolBuilding（美国国会大厦）.Allthepresidentialswearing-inswereheldoutdoorsexcepttwicethathappenedtoWilliamHowardTaftin1909andReaganin1985,whentheweatherwassocoldthatpublichealthandsecuritywereatrisk.TipOrganizer•1901，CongressionalJointCommittee•TheU.S.militaryhaveparticipatedinInaugurationDayceremoniessinceGeorgeWashington,becausethepresidentiscommander-in-chiefofthearmedforces.•ThePresidentialInauguralCommitteeisthelegalentitywhichraisesanddistributesfundsforeventsotherthantheceremonysuchastheballsandparade.Attendees•Inadditiontothepublic,theattendeesattheceremonygenerallyincludeMembersofCongressSupremeCourtjusticeshigh-rankingmilitaryofficersformerpresidentslivingMedalofHonorrecipientsandotherdignitaries（important）♪MorningPrayerservice♪CongressThevicepresident-elect♪Oathsofoffice♪Thepresident-elect♪Inauguraladdress♪CongressionalluncheonParadeBallMorningPrayerservice♣AtraditionofanationalprayerservicedatesbacktoGeorgeWashingtonandsinceFranklinDelanoRoosevelt,theprayerservicehasbeenheldattheWashingtonNationalCathedral.Thevicepresident-electtakestheoath•1937•Accordingtothefixedprocess,thevicepresident-electtakestheoathofofficefirstontheCapitol'sWestFront,andtheUnitedStatesMarineBandwillperformfourrufflesandflourishes《鼓号齐鸣》,followedbyHail,Columbia.“I,AB,dosolemnlyswear(oraffirm)thatIwillsupportanddefendtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesagainstallenemies,foreignanddomestic;thatIwillbeartruefaithandallegiancetothesame;thatItakethisobligationfreely,withoutanymentalreservationorpurposeofevasion;andthatIwillwellandfaithfullydischargethedutiesoftheofficeonwhichIamabouttoenter.SohelpmeGod.”“我谨庄严宣誓，我决心维护和捍卫合众国宪法，防止被国内外一切敌人侵犯。我将忠于宪法，恪守不渝。我自愿承担这项义务，毫无保留之意，也决无推委之心。我必忠勤尽责，为执行我即将承担的职务到任视事。愿上帝助我。”Thepresident-electtakestheoath•Thepresident-electtakestheoathofoffice,traditionallyadministeredbytheChiefJusticeoftheUnitedStates（美国最高法院首席大法官）,usingtheformmandatedinArticleII,Section1oftheUnitedStatesConstitution.（《美国宪法》）•Immediatelyaftertheoath,themilitarybandplaysfourrufflesandflourishesand“HailtotheChief,”《向统帅致敬》followedbya21-gunsalute.WiththeuseoftheBiblebeingcustomaryforoaths,atleastinthe18thand19thcenturies,aBiblewasgenerallyused.SeveralPresidentsweresworninontheGeorgeWashingtonInauguralBible.BarackObamausedtheLincolnBibleforhisswearingin.Idosolemnlyswear(oraffirm)thatIwillfaithfullyexecutetheofficeofPresidentoftheUnitedStates,andwilltothebestofmyability,preserve,protect,anddefendtheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates.sohelpmegod!“我谨庄严宣誓，我必忠实执行合众国总统职务，竭尽全力，恪守、维护和捍卫合众国宪法。愿上帝祝我。AddressΩNewlysworn-inpresidentsusuallygiveaspeechreferredtoasaninauguraladdress.UntilWilliamMcKinley‘sfirstinauguraladdressin1897,thepresidentelecttraditionallygavetheaddressbeforetakingtheoath;McKinleyrequestedthechangesothathecouldreiterate(repeat)thewordsoftheoathatthecloseofhisaddress.ΩInauguraladdressincludinghisideasonthenewadministration.54addresseshavebeengivenby37presidents.GeorgeWashington'ssecondaddresswastheshortest(135words),andWilliamHenryHarrisondeliveredthelongest(8,495words).Congressionalluncheon•Since1953,thepresidentandvicepresidenthavebeenguestsofhonorataluncheonheldbytheUnitedStatesCongressimmediatelyfollowingtheinauguralceremony.Parade•SinceThomasJefferson‘ssecondinauguralonMarch4,1805,ithasbecometraditionforthepresidenttoparadedownPennsylvaniaAvenue（宾夕法尼亚大街）fromtheCapitoltotheWhiteHouse.•ItprovidesanopportunityformorepeopletowitnessthepresidentandvicepresidentaswellastheirfamilymemberswalkingtotheWhiteHousealongthehistoricalrouteofthePennsylvaniaAvenuetobegintheirleadership.•TheonlypresidentnottoparadedownPennsylvaniaAvenueWasRonaldReaganinhissecondinaugurationin1985duetofreezingcoldtemperaturesmadedangerousbyhighwinds.TipBallồThefirstballwasheldbyDolleyMadisonforherhusband,James,in1809.ồAndrew,WoodrowWilson,WarrenHardingandCalvinCoolidgedidnotorganizeaball.