现在分词与过去分词

Welcometoclass7,senior3!JaleyZhuangPingShanHighSchoolNon-verbs:非谓语动词1TheInfinitive动词不定式2V-ing:Gerund动名词PresentParticiple现在分词3PastParticiple过去分词4AbsoluteConstruction独立主格结构现在分词(presentparticiple)与过去分词(pastparticiple)？V-ingForms:activeorcontinuous(表主动或正在进行）V-edForms:passiveordone（表被动或已完成）Thedifferencesoftheircharacteristics:Vt.vi.Beatenbyhiswife,thegreywolffeltverysad.Beatinghishusband,theredwolffeltveryhappy.WatchashortVideoclipFunctions：1Asattributive(作定语）:单个分词作前置定语，分词短语作后置定语。fallingleavesfallenleavesadevelopingcountryadevelopedcountryatouchingstoryatouchedboy前置定语agirlcalledDaisyagirlwalkingonthestreetamansittingunderthetreeamanfollowedbyseveralchildren后置定语2Aspredicative:（作表语）V-INGFORMS:toshowthecharacteristicsofthesubject(表示主语所具有的特征）V-EDFORMS:toshowthestatethesubjectis(表示主语所处的状态）Thesituationisencouraging.形势很令人鼓舞。Thefoodsmellsinviting.这个菜香味怡人。Thedoorremainedlocked.门仍然锁着。Shelookeddisappointed.她显得很失望。形容词化的现在分词与过去分词：现在分词：表示令人/使人产生某种情感或情绪。过去分词：表示人或动物本身所具有的某种情感或情绪。V-INGFORMS:amusingcharmingencouragingconfusingdisappointingdiscouragingexcitinginterestinginvitingsurprisingastonishingrefreshingshockingpleasingembarrassingsatisfyingtiringworryingtouchingmoving…V-EDFORMS:amusedencouragedconfuseddisappointeddiscouragedexcitedinterestedsurprisedastonishedrefreshedshockedpleasedembarrassedsatisfiedtiredworriedtouchedmoved…3Asobjectcomplement:(作宾语补足语)在see,watch,hear,feel,find,get,keep,notice,observe,listento,lookat,leave,catch等动词之后。在have,make,get等使役动词之后例如：Canyouhearhersingingthesonginthenextroom?你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？Hekeptthecarwaitingatthegate.他让小汽车在门口等着Isawhimreadinglastnight.him是reading的逻辑主语Hiswifefoundhishairdyedblack.hair是dyed的逻辑主语Wesawthebrokencarspulledaway.我们看到毁坏的汽车被拖走了。Hesmeltsomethingburntintheroom.他闻到屋子里有什么东西被烧坏了。共同点：分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。不同点：分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。4asadverbial:(作状语)现在分词与过去分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑上的主语必定与主句的主语相一致。(whenservedasadverbial,thelogicalsubjectofthev-ingformorthev-edformmustagreewiththesubjectofthemainclause.)1)分词短语作状语放在句首，可表原因、时间、条件等。Standingonthetower,wecouldseethewholecity.Seenfromthetower,thecitylookedbeautiful.Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.和你们比起来，我们还有很大差距。Givenbetterattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.如果照料得好一些，这棵树还可以长得好一些。时间状语原因状语条件状语2分词短语作状语放在句末，可表伴随、结果等。Theysatinfrontoftheirhouse,laughingandchatting.他们坐在房前，又说又笑。（伴随状语）Heworkedverylate,feelingverytired.他工作得很晚，感到很累。（结果状语）Practice:fillintheblankswiththesuitableformsoftheverbs.Themaincharactersofthepassage:DanGeorginaAdogItwasquiteahotday.Georginawentoutwithherdog,________(listen)toherMP4.Thenshecameacrossafriendofhers,Dan,_________(walk)onthestreet.Herdogbeganbarkingathim.________(frighten)bythedog,Dansteppedbackward.Georginastoppedthe_________(bark)dogandthengreetedDan.“Wouldyouliketogowithus,Dan?”“No,thanks.”Danstartedtowalkaway.“Don’tgo,Ihavesomethingtotalktoyou.”Georginasaidina__________(beg)voice.__________(amaze)bywhatshesaid,Danstopped.“Dan,canyouhelpmelookaftermydogforawhile?”Georginaasked.__________(dumb)withhiseyesopen,Danwasalmostchockedbyhissaliva(口水).Georginalookedathim,__________(smile).“I’mafraidIcan’t.Ihaveanurgency.I’vegottogo.”ThenDanranasquicklyashecan,________(leave)Georginaandherdogstandingthere.listeningwalkingFrightenedbarkingbeggingAmazedDumbsmilingleavingII.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空1.Shecaughtthestudent_______(cheat)inexams.2.WhenIgotthere,Ifoundhim_________(repair)farmtools.3.WhenIgotthere,Ifoundthefarmtools_______.(repair)4.Justthenheheardsomeone_______(call)forhelp.5.Heworkedsohardthathegothispay______.(raise)6.Themissingboyswerelastseen_______(play)neartheriver.7.___________(compare)withtheoldone,thenewbuildinglooksmorebeautiful.8.Theworkershadthemachines_______(run)allnightlongtofinishtheworkontime.9.Peopleinthesouthhavetheirhouses______(make)ofbamboo.10._______(lose)inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.cheatingrepairingrepairedcallingraisedplayingComparedrunningmadeLostThankyou!Bye-bye!