Oracle Database 11g Release 2 RAC 配置

OracleDatabase11gRelease2RAC安装在Linux介绍下面是创建RAC环境需要的全部需求：1、这个环境需要共享数据，必需准备两台性能较高的服务器，推荐使用64位操作系统，ORACLE是一个很吃内存的数据库软件。2、最终系统需要两套客户端操作系统和两套OracleGridInfrastructure(Clusterware+ASM)，并建立连个ORACLE实例在各自的操作系统上。推荐安装的服务器拥有8G内存。3、准备一套外部储存设备，可用磁盘整列或其他外部储存设备。4、准备至少两块网卡，分配三个IP地址，分别是：公网IP地址：可以连接Internet的IP地址，两台计算机要在同一网段内。私有IP地址：需要两个与其他IP地址不同的并在同一IP地址段的IP地址。VIP地址：这两个地址是用在负责均衡或RAC中某台PC出现故障后。需要和公网IP地址在同一网段。5，在安装LINUX时，尽量使SWAP的分区大小超过2G6，安装64位操作系统。需要下载的文件OracleEnterpriseLinux5Oracle11gRelease2(11.2)Software(64bit)1，安装LINUX安装全部的文件包，分配最少SWAP为2G,关闭firewall和SELinux，检查下面的数据包是否安装GNOMEDesktopEnvironmentEditorsGraphicalInternetText-basedInternetDevelopmentLibrariesDevelopmentToolsServerConfigurationToolsAdministrationToolsBaseSystemToolsXWindowSystem分配IP地址与主机名主机名:rac1.localdomain与rac2.localdomain公网IP地址eth0:192.168.2.101(公网地址)，公网IP地址eth0:192.168.2.102(公网地址)网管eth0:192.168.2.1(公网地址)私有IP地址eth1:192.168.0.101(私有IP地址)，私有IP地址eth1:192.168.0.102(私有IP地址)私有网管eth1:无你可以设置任意适合自己的网络IP地址，但是要保证彼此在同一网段安装64位系统补丁包（建议使用RedhatLINUX5.4以上版本）#FromEnterpriseLinux5DVDcd/media/cdrom/Serverrpm-Uvhbinutils-2.*rpm-Uvhcompat-libstdc++-33*rpm-Uvhelfutils-libelf-0.*rpm-Uvhelfutils-libelf-devel-*rpm-Uvhgcc-4.*rpm-Uvhgcc-c++-4.*rpm-Uvhglibc-2.*rpm-Uvhglibc-common-2.*rpm-Uvhglibc-devel-2.*rpm-Uvhglibc-headers-2.*rpm-Uvhksh-2*rpm-Uvhlibaio-0.*rpm-Uvhlibaio-devel-0.*rpm-Uvhlibgcc-4.*rpm-Uvhlibstdc++-4.*rpm-Uvhlibstdc++-devel-4.*rpm-Uvhmake-3.*rpm-Uvhsysstat-7.*rpm-UvhunixODBC-2.*rpm-UvhunixODBC-devel-2.*#ForOEL,userelevantversionsofthefollowingpackagesfromyourmedia.rpm-Uvhoracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm\oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.el5.x86_64.rpmcd/eject#InstallthefollowingpackagefromtheOraclegridmedia.cd/your/path/to/grid/rpmrpm-Uvhcvuqdisk*Oracle安装参数设置使用ROOT用户登录扩大文件系统的内存大小#umounttmpfs#mount-ttmpfsshmfs-osize=1500m/dev/shm修改tmpfs参数修改/etc/fstab文件.命令：在LINUX终端控制台用vim/etc/fstb命令tmpfs/dev/shmtmpfssize=1500m00进入/etc/hosts修改相关DNS信息127.0.0.1localhost.localdomainlocalhost#Public192.168.2.101rac1.localdomainrac1192.168.2.102rac2.localdomainrac2#Private192.168.0.101rac1-priv.localdomainrac1-priv192.168.0.102rac2-priv.localdomainrac2-priv#Virtual192.168.2.111rac1-vip.localdomainrac1-vip192.168.2.112rac2-vip.localdomainrac2-vip#SCAN192.168.2.201rac-scan.localdomainrac-scanSCAN地址是一个与VIP地址在同一网段的IP地址，建议填写，在后期配置ORACLERAC时需要启用。此地址是个虚拟地址。修改内核文件/etc/sysctl.conf.fs.aio-max-nr=1048576fs.file-max=6815744kernel.shmall=2097152kernel.shmmax=1054504960kernel.shmmni=4096#semaphores:semmsl,semmns,semopm,semmnikernel.sem=25032000100128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=900065500net.core.rmem_default=262144net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_max=1048586运行下面命令并启动修改的内核参数/sbin/sysctl-p修改/etc/security/limits.conf增加ORACLE硬限制与软限制.oraclesoftnproc2047oraclehardnproc16384oraclesoftnofile1024oraclehardnofile65536修改/etc/pam.d/login，保证回话正常.sessionrequiredpam_limits.so再次确认是否关闭SELINUXSELINUX=disabled修改系统时间，保证时间不相差20秒创建组与用户groupadd-g1000oinstallgroupadd-g1200dbauseradd-u1100-goinstall-Gdbaoraclepasswdoracle创建ORACLE安装目录mkdir-p/u01/app/11.2.0/gridmkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1chown-Roracle:oinstall/u01chmod-R775/u01/修改.bash_profile文件.定位ORALCE安装目录与相关环境变量#OracleSettingsTMP=/tmp;exportTMPTMPDIR=$TMP;exportTMPDIRORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac1.localdomain;exportORACLE_HOSTNAMEORACLE_UNQNAME=RAC;exportORACLE_UNQNAMEORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;exportORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1;exportORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SID=RAC1;exportORACLE_SIDORACLE_TERM=xterm;exportORACLE_TERMPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;exportPATHPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;exportPATHLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;exportLD_LIBRARY_PATHCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;exportCLASSPATHif[$USER=oracle];thenif[$SHELL=/bin/ksh];thenulimit-p16384ulimit-n65536elseulimit-u16384-n65536fifi以上配置需要在令一台服务器上完成连接外部存储设备，并发现外部设备硬盘#cd/dev#lssd*sdasda1sda2sdbsdcsddsdesdf#对外部存储设备硬盘分区#fdisk/dev/sdbDevicecontainsneitheravalidDOSpartitiontable,norSun,SGIorOSFdisklabelBuildinganewDOSdisklabel.Changeswillremaininmemoryonly,untilyoudecidetowritethem.Afterthat,ofcourse,thepreviouscontentwon'tberecoverable.Thenumberofcylindersforthisdiskissetto1305.Thereisnothingwrongwiththat,butthisislargerthan1024,andcouldincertainsetupscauseproblemswith:1)softwarethatrunsatboottime(e.g.,oldversionsofLILO)2)bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefromotherOSs(e.g.,DOSFDISK,OS/2FDISK)Warning:invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw(rite)Command(mforhelp):nCommandactioneextendedpprimarypartition(1-4)pPartitionnumber(1-4):1Firstcylinder(1-1305,default1):Usingdefaultvalue1Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK(1-1305,default1305):Usingdefaultvalue1305Command(mforhelp):pDisk/dev/sdb:10.7GB,10737418240bytes255heads,63sectors/track,1305cylindersUnits=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytesDeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem/dev/sdb1113051048238183LinuxCommand(mforhelp):wThepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!Callingioctl()tore-readpartitiontable.Syncingdisks.#查看分区后的设备#cd/dev#lssd*sdasda1sda2sdbsdb1sdcsdc1sddsdd1sdes