状语从句ppt

状语时用来修饰词，词，词或的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。分类如下：动形容副句子状语从句1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句引导词可分为两部分．aswhilewhenwheneverbeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonaseverytimenexttimethefirst/…timethemomenttheminute/…as引导的时间状语从句,可以表达“正当……”，“一边……一边……”，“随着……”等意思。Helensangasongasshewashed.Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.1.as,while,when的区别while:持续性动词／进行时e.g.IlikelisteningtomusicwhileIamdoingmyhomework.when:持续性／非持续性动词都可＊当……时＊正在……忽然e.g.WhenIfirstsawher,Ifellinlovewithher.---Whendidyougethome?---Itwaseighto’clockwhenIgothome.1)Theywerewalkingdownthestreetwhentheysawanaccident.2)Iwasabouttogoswimmingwhenourguidestoppedme.before引导的时间状语从句◆before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在……之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretforwhatyou’vedone.不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。after引导的时间状语从句◆after引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在……之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustn’tthrowthemabout.用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。since引导的时间状语从句◆since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceweparted.常用句型：Ithasbeen(is)+时间段+since从句“自从……有多长时间了”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。Ithasbeen(is)sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.until/till引导的时间状语从句◆until/till引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到……时”，表示主句动作发生在从句之前。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。I’llstayhereuntilyoucomeback.◆常用否定形式。not…until…“直到……才……”，Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。assoonas引导的时间状语从句◆assoonas引导的时间状语从句，译为“一…就…”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashecomesback.◆相当于assoonas用法的词或短语还有：themoment,theminute,theinstant等.I’llgivehimyourmessagetheminutehearrives.名词短语引导的时间状语从句◆themoment,theminute,,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime,等也可以引导时间状语从句。IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeIsawher.Bythetimeyouarrived,thelecturehadalreadyended.Bythetimehecomes,wewillalreadyhaveleft.地点状语从句用连接副词where或wherever(在任何地方)引导。e.g.a.Juststaywhereyouare.b.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.c.Youcansitwhereveryoulike.d.Whereveryougo,I’llberightherewaitingforyou.1.Whenhereadsabook,hishabitistomakeamark___themeaningisuncleartohim.A.thereB.whereverC.theplaceD.inwhich原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句常用的连接词是：because,as,since,nowthat,for,和consideringthat,seeingthat这七个连词都用于表示表示原因,但在语气上一个比一个弱。e.g.Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.c.f.Hemightbeill,forhedidn’tcometoschool.表示“直接”原因。表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。because,since,as,for的区别:because—直接原因，非推断．语气最强．回答why的问题。since–通常放句首．译为“既然”as–不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。for–放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推断的理由。1.Idancedinfrontofthepeople_________Ilikedit.2.____hewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.3.______everybodyknowaboutit,Idon’twanttotalkanymore.4.Hemustbeill,____heisabsentToday.becauseAsSincefor条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),once(一旦),incase(假使)等。e.g.a.We’llcomeovertoseeyouonSaturdayifwehavetime.b.Weshouldservethepeopleas/solongaswelive.1.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,____ourcardoesn’tbreakdownontheroad.A.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas2.Intimeofseriousaccidents,_____weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless3.____youhavetriedit,youcan’timaginehowpleasantitis.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough,nomatter+疑问词(what/who/where/when/which/how)疑问词-ever(whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever)特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，though,although◆判断以下句子是否正确：Althoughheisrich,butheisnothappy.Althoughheisrich,yetheisnothappy.Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentsstilltreatusaschildren.◆要点归纳：though,although当“虽然”讲,都不能和but连用.但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用.everif,eventhoughevenif和eventhough表示“”即使We’llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.as引导让步状语从句as引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的、、以及谓语中的提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需。表语状语实意动词省略Thoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.Hardas/thoughheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.nomatter+疑问词疑问词-everNomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.替换：nomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however引导目的状语从句的连词:inorderthat…用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。sothata.较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，so有时可省;从句中要有情态动词,否则,就成为下一种句型：b.无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。incase;等。e.g.a.We’llsitnearerthefrontsothatwecanhearbetter.b.IshallwriteitdownincaseIshouldforget.注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用soastodo…或inordertodo…e.g.Heranfastsothathemightarrivetherebeforeteno’clock.→Heranfastsoastoarrivetherebeforeteno’clock.结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so,so…that,such…that;sothat等引导。a.HerunsoquicklythatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.b.Thebusbrokedownsothatwehadtowalkhome.c.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.★d.Hegottothestationfinally,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导:as,justas,asif,theway(that),intheway(that)等。a.WemustdoasthePartytellsus.b.Leavethethingsastheyare.c.Mostplantsneedsunlightjustastheyneedwater.d.Itsoundsasifitisraining.e.TheydiditinawaythatIhadneverseenbefore.他们以我从没见过的方式行事。比较状语从句常由下列词语引导：as…as,notso/as…as,more…than,th