现在分词和过去分词的用法区别

1现在分词和过去分词的用法区别（一）分词的作用·现在分词可用于：·①构成进行时。e.g.WearestudyingEnglish.·②当副词作状语。e.g.Thechildrencame,singinganddancing.·③当形容词作定语、宾补和表语。·e.g.Fallingleavesdancedintheair.·Isawmanybirdsflyingalongtheriver.·Thestoryisverymoving.·过去分词可用于：·①构成完成时。e.g.Theplayhadbegunwhenwearrivedthere.·②构成被动语态。e.g.Englishiswidelyspokenintheworld.·③当副词作状语。e.g.Seenhere,thecitylooksmorebeautiful.·④当形容词作定语、宾补和表语。·e.g.aboynamedTom·Isawthegirlkilledwithmyowneyes.·I’minterestedinEnglish.（二）现在分词与过去分词的两大差别1.在语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。2.在时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。（三）确定分词的使用的具体步骤（1）根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分（2）找准逻辑主语（3）判断主、被动关系（4）选定现在或过去分词1.Therewasaterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed2.TheOlympicGames,____in776B.C.,didn’tincludewomenuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobeplaying3.What’sthelanguage____inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak4.Mostofthepeople____tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting5.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.2A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written（四）分词作表语共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。不同点：分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。1.Thenewssounds____.A.encouragingB.encouragedC.encourageD.toencourage2.—HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?—Well,hisfatherseems____withhisresults.A.pleasingB.pleaseC.pleasedD.toplease3.—Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?—Theygotvery____.A.exciteB.excitedC.excitedlyD.exciting（五）分词作宾语补足语共同点：分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。不同点：分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。1.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman____inbed,dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying2.—Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?—I’dliketohavethepackage____,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed3.HeisnotgoodatEnglish,soitisnoteasyforhimtomakehimself______.A.understandB.understandingC.understoodD.understands4.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair____againstyourface.A.movedB.movingC.movesD.tomove（六）分词作状语共同点：分词作状语时，一般在句子中作时间、原因、方式或伴随等状语。不同点：分词作状语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。1.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid，____tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing2.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.Receivingnot3C.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived3.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,____thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added4．Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands____behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied【模拟试题】I.单项选择1.____thehouseonfire,hedialed119.A.ToseeB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Beingseen2.Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandgetmyfalseteeth____.A.fixB.fixingC.fixedD.tofix3.We’re___tolistentoher____voice.It’s___tohearhersing.A.pleased;pleasing;pleasureB.pleased;pleasant;apleasureC.pleasing;pleased;apleasureD.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure4.___apostoffice,Istopped____somestamps.A.Passed,buyingB.Passing,tobuyC.Havingpassed,buyD.Pass,tobuy5.____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.A.ComparingB.TocompareC.ComparedD.Havingcompared6.Herearesomenewcomputerprograms____forhomebuildings.A.designingB.designC.designedD.todesign7.____alittlemoney,Jimmywasabletobuyhismotheralovelynewlamp.A.TosaveB.SavingC.SavedD.Havingsaved8.Theteachercameintotheclassroom____byhisstudents.A.followingB.tobefollowingC.followedD.havingfollowed9.Withthemoney___,hecouldn’tbuyanyticket.A.toloseB.losingC.lostD.haslost10.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself____.A.beingheardB.hearingC.heardD.hear11.Theresultofthetestwasrather_____.A.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappoint12.I’veneverheardtheword____inspokenEnglish.A.useB.usedC.usingD.beingused13._____howtodothehomework,Iwenttoaskmyteacherforhelp.A.NottoknowB.NotknowingC.KnowingnotD.Notknown414.Deeply__,Ithankedheragainandagain.A.beingmovingB.movedC.movingD.tobemoved15.Withwinter_____on,it’stimetobuywarmclothes.A.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming16.____theoffice,theforeignvisitorswereshownroundtheteachingbuilding.A.HavingshownB.ShowingC.HasshownD.Havingbeenshown17.Hewentfromdoortodoor,____wastepapersandmagazines.A.gatheringB.gatheredC.gatherD.beinggathered18.Thestudentcorrectedhispapercarefully,____theprofessor’ssuggestions.A.followB.followingC.followedD.beingfollowed19.The___pricewillsaveyouonedollarforeachdozen.A.reduceB.reducingC.reducedD.reduces20.People____inthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.A.liveB.toliveC.livedD.living21.Theforeignertriedhisbest,buthestillcouldn’tmakehispoint___.A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood22.Thescientistswerewaitingtoseetheproblem______.A.settleB.settledC.tosettleD.settling23.Thelibrary’sstudyroomisfullofstudents_____fortheexam.A.busilypreparedB.busypreparingC.busilyprepareD.arebusilypreparing24.Thegroundis_____with____leaves.A.covering,fallingB.covered,fallingC