200kw空调用水冷冷水机组-设计说明书

郑州轻工业学院本科毕业设计（论文）题目200kw空调用水冷冷水机组设计学生姓名王晓宁专业班级建环07级1班学号200702040142院（系）机电工程学院指导教师(职称)李春艳(副教授)完成时间2011年5月27日200kw空调用水冷冷水机组目录中文摘要.................................................I英文摘要................................................II1前言...................................................11.1现状..............................................11.2存在问题..........................................11.3发展趋势..........................................21.4设计方向..........................................22冷水机组设计方案的论证.................................32.1制冷系统设计......................................32.1.1制冷方法......................................32.2冷水机组的设计....................................32.2.1冷水机组的分类.................................32.2.2各种冷水机组的优缺点............................42.2.3冷水机组类型的确定..............................62.3制冷剂............................................62.3.1制冷剂的要求...................................62.3.2常用制冷剂.....................................62.3.3制冷剂展望.....................................92.3.4制冷剂种类的确定...............................132.4压缩机...........................................13200kw空调用水冷冷水机组2.4.1制冷压缩机的分类...............................142.4.2各类压缩机的特点...............................142.4.3压缩机种类的确定...............................162.5冷凝器...........................................162.5.1水冷式冷凝器的分类.............................162.5.2冷凝器类型选择.................................182.6蒸发器类型选择...................................182.6.1干式壳管蒸发器................................182.6.2直接蒸发式空气冷却器...........................193冷水机组的设计计算....................................193.1系统的热力计算...................................193.1.1原始资料及参数的确定............................193.1.2热力计算............................................213.2压缩机的选择及制冷剂流量校核.....................223.2.1压缩机选择....................................223.2.2压缩机校核....................................243.3.1冷凝器传热管的选择及参数计算.....................253.3.2冷凝器热负荷及冷却水流量.........................263.3.3冷凝器结构的初步规划...........................273.3.4传热计算及所需传热面积确定......................293.3.5冷却水侧阻力计算...............................313.3.6连接管管径计算................................32200kw空调用水冷冷水机组3.4蒸发器设计计算...................................323.4.1初步结构设计..................................323.4.2管内R134a的表面传热系数........................333.4.3水侧表面传热系数的计算..........................353.4.4传热系数的计算.................................373.4.5管内流动阻力和平均传热温差的计算.................373.4.6面积热流量及传热面积的计算......................383.4.7冷水侧流动阻力计算.............................384系统制冷剂充注量的估算及冷冻油的选择..................394.1制冷剂充注量的计算...............................394.2冷冻油的选择.....................................405节流机构的选择计算....................................415.1节流机构的工作原理及作用.........................415.2热力膨胀阀.......................................425.3热力膨胀阀的设计选型.............................436管道和其它辅助设备的设计和选用........................456.1管道的设计.......................................466.2干燥过滤器的选择.................................486.3气液分离器的计算选型.............................496.4视液镜选择.......................................516.5冷却塔选型.......................................516.5.1冷却塔选型的一般原则............................51200kw空调用水冷冷水机组6.5.2冷却塔水流量计算公式...........................526.6冷却水泵计算选型.................................546.6.1泵的流量计算..................................546.6.2冷却水泵泵的扬程确定...........................556.6.3泵的功率计算..................................566.6.4泵的选型......................................566.7冷冻水泵计算选型.................................586.7.2冷冻水泵泵的扬程确定...........................586.7.3泵的功率计算..................................606.7.4泵的选型......................................607自动控制与电器元件的选用..............................607.1温度控制器的选择.................................617.2高低压压力控制器.................................617.3电磁阀...........................................627.4单向截止阀的选择.................................64结束语................................................66致谢..................................................67参考文献................................................68200kw空调用水冷冷水机组I200kw空调用水冷冷水机组设计摘要建筑能耗在发达国家国民经济的总能耗中所占比例达到20%~30%，而空调系统能耗将占建筑能耗的45%~50%，[6]作为空调系统的关键设备，冷水机组性能的好坏直接影响着空调系统的能耗。为尽可能的降低能耗就对冷水机组的性能提出了相关要求。为降低能耗提高制冷系统的经济性，本文通过对不同制冷剂及制冷循环的对比，选定了适用于空调用水冷冷水机组的制冷循环。同时介绍了冷水机组重要组成部件：压缩机、冷凝器、蒸发器、节流阀及辅助设备的型式及其特点，并且综合其优缺点及限制条件，选定适合系统循环的各个部件，然后将选好的各部件组成水冷冷水机组，完成适用于200kw空调用水冷冷水机组设计。关键词空调用/水冷/制冷循环/冷水机组/设计200kw空调用水冷冷水机组IITHEDESIGNOF200KWCOLDWATERCHILLERUNITOFAIRCONDITIONABSTRACTNationalbuildingenergyconsumptionindevelopedcountriestheproportionofthetotalenergyconsumption30%to20%,whiletheairconditioningenergyconsumptionequipment,chillers,directimpactontheperformancetheenergyconsumptionofairconditioningsystems.Toreducetheenergyconsumptionasmuchaspossibletheperformanceoftheproposedchillerhasbeenrequired.Refrigerationsystemtoreduceenergyconsumptiontoimprovetheeconomy,throughthedifferentrefrigerantsandrefrigerationcyclecontrast,selectedwatercoldwaterforairconditioningrefrigerationunit.Chillersalsointroducedimportantcomponents:compressor,condenser,