第八讲 定语从句学生版 3

1第八讲：定语从句谚语欣赏：Hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingisindeedagood-for-nothing.不懂装懂,一事无成.词汇过关：1.content:Areyouyourpresentsalary?满意Myparentsinthecountry.非常愿意Simplepraiseisenoughto.使他满足Showmeyoursuitcase.内容，目录，容量2.Convince使确信，使信服，使认识Convincing令人信服的，有说服力的Convinced确信的，深信的，坚信的Wefinallythemouradventure.=Wefinally_________them__________________ouradventure.Hesmile_________him_________shewashappy.They___________________________theresultoftheexperimentfinally.I___________________________hisguilt.=I___________________________heisguity.3.struggle搏斗，斗争，努力，挣扎Theyhadto__________________theirlives_________weatherandwildanimals.Theyhadto__________________allkindsofdifficulties.She_____________________________________________herattacker.她挣扎着想要摆脱那个袭击她的人4.focus（兴趣、活动等）中心，焦点使集中，聚集，使聚焦Herbeautymakesher____________________________________.她的美貌使她成为众人目光的焦点。Weshould____________________________________ourstudy.我们应该把我们的注意力集中我们的学习。Shefeltalltheeyes___________________________her.根据意思完成下列句子1.Todaywehavereachedastage__________wehavealmostnorightsatall.2.Anyhow,mygoalistoprovidehumanswithalife_______________________.(高质量）IamnowtrulyfilledwithhappinessthatIama______（忠实的）friendandhelperofthehumanrace!3.Idon’twanttoupsetyou,butIfoundyourmenusolimitedthatIstoppedworryingandstarted___________________________（宣传。。。。的好处）ofmyfood.4.________________________（没道理）tobuysuchanexpensivemobilephoneforthepupil.25.___________________（每次）Ilistentothissong,I’llrecallthehappytimewehavespenttogether.6.It’syou,notyourhusband,who_____________________（由于…应受责备）thespoiledchild.7.（我们上网查资料是很方便的）_________________________tosearchforinformationonline.9.Only_______________________________________fromthesebadhabits.只有这样做你才能摆脱那些坏习惯。8.许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错为而受责备。_______________________________________10.警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。_______________________________________=_______________________________________Ⅰ.概念：(1)定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。(2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。(3)引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词（that、which、who、whom、whose、as、but）和关系副词（when、why、where）。Ⅱ.几个关系代词的基本用法：●that:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语)如：1.Aletterthat/whichiswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.(作)2.Doyouknowthegentlemanthat/whospokejustnow?3.Youcantakeanything(that)youlike.(作)4.Whatisthequestion(that/which)theyaretalkingabout?5.Hereistheman(who/whom/that)youwanttosee.6.She'snolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobebefore.(作)7.Ourhometownisnolongertheone(that)itusedtobe.=Ourhometownisnotthesameasitusedtobe.=Ourhometownisdifferentfromwhatitusedtobe。=Ourhometownisnotwhatitusedtobe.●which:指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如：31.Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.(作)2.Thebook(which/that)Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(作)3.Thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisfarfromhere.4.Hewasproud,whichhisbrotherneverwas.(作)5.Tomspentfouryearsincollege,duringwhichtimehelearnedFrench.(作)●who,whom,whose:who:主格,在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语;只可指人whom:宾格，在从句中作宾语;只可指人whose:属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。Allwhoheardthestorywereamazed.(代词如he,they,any,those,all,one等后多用who.)He'samanfromwhomweshouldlearn.=He'saman(whom/who/that)weshouldlearnfrom.比较：Heisthestudentwhomyouthinktobeworthyofyourpraise.Heisthestudentwhoyouthinkisworthpraising.Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.（指人）I'dlikearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.（指物）关系代词作介词宾语:关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时,介词可放于从句之首,也可放于从句之末.但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who和that用作介词宾语时,介词必须放在句末.）Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.=Thisisthebook(that/which)youaskedfor.DoyouknowthepersonwithwhomIshookhands？=Doyouknowtheperson(whom/who/that)Ishookhandswith?Thebeginningofagriculturewasabigstepinhumanprogresswithwhichnothingcouldcompareuntilourinformationage.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.Isthisthefactorytowhichyoupaidavisitlastweek?Isthisfactorytheonetowhichyoupaidavisitlastweek?Thisisthegirlwhomtheyarelookingafter.(不可前置：lookat,lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等)●as的用法:(as引导定语从句,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)①如为限制性的，多用于thesame…as;thesameas；such…as…;asmany/muchas；so…as等结构中。如：※Ihavethesamebookasyou(have).我有一本和你的一样的书。Herattitudetohimwasquitethesameasithadalwaysbeen.(关系代词as和指示代词same连用,在从句中用作表语,先行词是same.)※.---Ithoughtitwassuchaminordetailaswashardlyworthmentioning.Wewillonlydiscusssuchproblemsashavesomethingtodowithourowninterests.Don'tdosuchthingsasyouarenotsureabout.比较：Iliveinthesamehousethatheusedtolivein.I'mwearingthesameshirtasyouworeyesterday。比较：Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.4Hereissobigastonethatnoonecanliftit.②如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为正如，这一点。（动词常为know,see,expect,pointout,etc.）※Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.(as作宾语)=Asisknowntoall,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.（as作主语）=It'sknowntoallthatsmokingisharmfultoone'shealth.=Smokingisharmfultoone'shealth,asweallknow.（as作宾语）=Smoking,asweallknow,isharmfultoone'health.※Hewasaforeigner,asIknewfromhisaccent.(宾语,先行词是前面整个句子)Weshouldreadsuchbooks____willmakeusbetterandwiser.A.whenB.asC.whoseD.WhatYoumustshowmywifethesamerespect____youshowme.A.whenB.asC.whoseD.WhatⅢ.关系副词引导的定语从句:●When指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的