英文学术论文写作与发表

英文学术论文写作与发表贾娟娟2019.3.2为什么要发表英文学术论文？publishorperish不发表，就死亡为什么要发表英文学术论文？l贮存科研信息l传播科研结果l交流实践经验l启迪学术思想l提⾼研究⽔平l促进职业⽣涯TitleAbstractIntroductionExperimentalMethods/TheorymodelResultsandDiscussionConclusionsAcknowledgementsReferencesSupportingInformation学术论文的结构Essentially,effectivetitles:identifythearticle’smainissuebeginwiththearticle’ssubjectmatterareaccurate,unambiguous,specificand(whenpossible)completeareasshortaspossibleareenticingandinteresting;theymakepeoplewanttoreadfurthere.g.TheeffectofheatingthealbumenandvitellusofthegallusdomesticuscontainedincalciumcarbonateinH2Oto373.15K.Boilingachickenegginwater.高度凝练、简洁明确、完整、吸引眼球如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂TitleAbstract摘要的三步骤：⼀两句话说明背景Oneortwosentencesprovidingbackgroundontheproblem.两三句话总结⽅法和结论Twoorthreesentencessummarizingthemethodologyandresults.⼀句总结研究的意义Aconcludingsentencehighlightingthesignificanceofthestudy.如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂Abstract如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂Abstract论⽂内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，内容应包含与论⽂同等量的主要信息说明研究⼯作目的、实验研究⽅法、结果和最终结论不用图、表、公式等，不用非公知公用的符号、术语和非法定的计量单位如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂Introduction突出自⼰的⼯作为什么值得发表！ü虽然有⼏个⼯作研究了A，但还是有很多问题没弄明白；ü虽然很多⼈研究清楚了A，但关于B的研究未见报道；ü虽然⽅法A能达到X效果，但存在很多的缺陷，例如。。。⽽我们提出的B能解决这⼀问题；ü虽然研究A很多了，但需要额外的研究来证明前⼈的结果；如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂•可以讨论实验的创新之处•可以讨论实验的难点和解决⽅案•可以讨论实验中可能对实验结果产⽣改变的因素•可以模糊，不可造假实验设计实验⽅法实验仪器和材料ExperimentalMethods如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂•结果和讨论分成两章•第⼀章列举结果•第⼆章讨论结果•结构简单但不连贯•不⽅便阅读拆分式结合式结构•结果和讨论合并•列举结果的同时讨论结果•阅读⽅便•通顺且逻辑感强评判标准ResultandDiscussion如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂ResultandDiscussionü用图、表格来归纳和展示数据；ü对实验数据进⾏统计误差分析；ü表明试验⽅法的正确可靠；Results如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂•审稿⼈没时间研究你的图表•图表数据的罗列以⽂章的逻辑流为基础•不要为增加⽂章内容⽽罗列⽆关数据•合理的标注和解释图表相关的实验参量•格式以eps，png等⽮量图为佳直观简洁有科学意义契合⽂章背景非拼凑数据逻辑和⽅法－图表ResultandDiscussion如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂ConclusionConclusionAbstract如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂差别全⽂的缩影全⽂的⼀部分问题的解决、不⾜和展望摘要结论Conclusion如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂Acknowledgementsü对研究进⾏资⾦支持的基⾦；ü提供技术帮助、提供实验材料、计算资源的⼈，但不再作者列表中；ü帮助修改英⽂，给出参考意见的⼈；如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂新⽂献/经典⽂献/⾼档次⽂献全面引用⽂献，不可隐藏目标期刊的⽂献尽量多次使用前面引用的⽂献引用不是摘抄！References如何撰写英⽂学术论⽂投稿与发表AuthorGuidelines推荐审稿⼈复查提交编辑初审审稿⼈审稿意见返回再次提交摘要+正⽂+图片投稿信(coverletter)接收修改投稿与发表•Itprovidesinsightintoanimportantissue.•Theinsightisusefultopeoplewhomakedecisions.•Theinsightisusedtodevelopaframeworkortheory.•Theinsightstimulatesnew,importantquestions.•Themethodsusedtoexploretheissueareappropriate.•Themethodsusedareappliedrigorouslyandexplainwhyandhowthedatasupporttheconclusions.•Connectionstopriorworkinthefieldorfromotherfieldsaremade.•Thearticletellsagoodstory.8ReasonsIacceptedyourarticleJournaleditorsrevealthetopreasonsamanuscriptgetspublishedbyDr.TorstenPieper学术论文语言特点•Trytoavoidunnecessarywordsorphrases–keepitsimple.•Useactivewritingwhenpossible.Forexample,‘Carbondioxidewasconsumedbytheplant’ispassive.Activewritingshortensthisphraseto,‘Theplantconsumedcarbondioxide’–whichismuchsnappier.•Tenseisimportant.Forknownfactsandhypotheses,usethepresenttense:‘Theaveragelifeexpectancyofahoneybeeissixweeks.’Butusethepasttensewhenreferringtoexperimentsyou’veconducted:‘Allthehoneybeesweremaintainedinanenvironmentwithaconsistenttemperatureof23°C.’Andalsousethepasttensetodescriberesults:‘Theaveragelifespanofbeesinourcontainedenvironmentwaseightweeks.’---Elsevier21学术论文语言特点---NatureNatureisaninternationaljournalcoveringallthesciences.ContributionsshouldthereforebewrittenclearlyandsimplysothattheyareaccessibletoreadersinotherdisciplinesandtoreadersforwhomEnglishisnottheirfirstlanguage.Thus,technicaljargonshouldbeavoidedasfaraspossibleandclearlyexplainedwhereitsuseisunavoidable.Abbreviations,particularlythosethatarenotstandard,shouldalsobekepttoaminimum.Thebackground,rationaleandmainconclusionsofthestudyshouldbeclearlyexplained.Titlesandabstractsinparticularshouldbewritteninlanguagethatwillbereadilyintelligibletoanyscientist.Essentialbutspecializedtermsshouldbeexplainedconciselybutnotdidactically.22学术论⽂语⾔特点ClearLogicalSimpleActive23风格表述清楚NATIVE表述清楚少量错误大概能明白，语法错误严重不知所云自说自话语言表达的金字塔24风格表述清楚NATIVE表述清楚少量错误大概能明白，语法错误严重不知所云自说自话语言表达的金字塔25风格表述清楚NATIVE表述清楚少量错误大概能明白，语法错误严重不知所云自说自话语言表达的金字塔Asimportantbreakthroughinkeytechnologieshasbeenmade,suchashydraulicfracturingandhorizontaldrilling,extractionofshalegascomestobepossible.26风格表述清楚NATIVE表述清楚少量错误大概能明白，语法错误严重不知所云自说自话语言表达的金字塔Keytechnologicalbreakthroughs,suchashydraulicfracturingandhorizontaldrilling,havefacilitatedtheextractionofshalegas.Asimportantbreakthroughinkeytechnologieshasbeenmade,suchashydraulicfracturingandhorizontaldrilling,extractionofshalegascomestobepossible.27学术论⽂写作常见错误常见的错误写法：“the”漏用，滥用几个tips：l特指用l论文的标题、书籍各节的名称开头的冠词得省去；论文标题第一个名词的冠词要省略l方程、表达式、公式、图表、章节、页码等后面跟数字表示“第。。。”时前面不加冠词l学科名称前不加冠词29常见的错误写法：“inthispaper”,“inthisstudy”…Inthispaper,westudied…Inthispaper,weused…tomeasure…Inthispaper,…wasfounde.g.Inthispaper,high-resolutionXPSspectrawererecordedatdifferentphotonenergiesinthe60−1150eVrange.30正确的写法：“inthispaper”,“inthisstudy”…Thispaperpresents...Thispaperreports...Inthispaper,wereporton...Inthispaper,wepropose...e.g.Inthisstudy,high-resolutionXPSspectrawererecordedatdifferentphotonenergiesinthe60−1150eVrange.Inthisstudy,weinvestigated...Inthisstudy,wefoundthat…Inthisresearch,…wasinvestigated…31常见的错误写法：“比较对象不⼀致”e.g.Theybelievethattheirfindingsaremoreimportantthanotherstudies.32正确写法：“比较对象不⼀致”