高考英语 独立主格结构

高三英语总复习语法系列训练独立主格结构独立主格（一）：独立主格结构的构成：名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；名词(代词)+形容词；名词(代词)+副词；名词(代词)+不定式；名词(代词)+介词短语构成。（二）独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。1________________,webeganourholiday.=Whenthetestwasfinished,webeganourholiday.2_______________________,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.=Afterthepresidentwasmurdered,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.3___________________,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.=Ifweatherpermits,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.ThetestfinishedThepresidentmurderedWeatherpermitting4，Thisdone,wewenthome.=Afterthiswasdone,wewenthome.5，Hecameintotheroom,hisearsredwithcold.=andhisearswereredwithcold.6，Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.=andalargebookwasunderhisarm.．表示时间：1Afterspringcameon,thetreesturnedgreen.=,thetreesturnedgreen.2.Afterthesignalwasgiven,thebusstarted.=thebusstarted.3.Afterthemeetingwasover,welefttheroom.welefttheroom.4.AsitwasSunday,thelibrarywasclosed.=thelibrarywasclosed.SpringcomingonThesignalgiven,Themeeting(being)over,ItbeingSunday,5,Astheweatherwasfine,wewentforawalk.=wewentforawalk.6.Astherewasnobuses,wehadtowalkhome.=wehadtowalkhome.7.Asthekeyhadbeenlost,shecouldnotentertheroom.=,shecouldnotentertheroom.8.Afterthemoonappeared,theydecidedtogoonwiththeirjourney.=theydecidedtogoonwiththeirjourney.Therebeingnobuses,Thekeylost(havingbeenlost)Themoonappearing(havingappeared),独立主格结构使用介词的问题：当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但with的复合结构不受此限制1.Arobberburstintotheroom,knifeinhand.(hand前不能加his)。Arobberburstintotheroomwithaknifeinhishand.2.LastnightIfollowedhimhere,andclimbedin,swordinhand.LastnightIfollowedhimhere,andclimbedinwithaswordinmyhand.with+复合宾语1．with+名词（或代词）+现在分词Hefellasleepwiththelampburning.Youcan’tleaveherewiththemachinerunning.Withhimtakingchargeofthetask,Ihavenodoubtofitssuccess.Withwintercomingon,it’stimetobuywarmclothes.2．with+名词（或代词）+过去分词Theoldmanwaslisteningtotheradio,withhiseyeshalfclosed.Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.Withtheworkfinished,allofuswentoutforawalk.Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.3．with+名词（或代词）+动词不定式Ican’tgooutwithallthesedishestowash.Withsomanybookstoread,Icouldn’tgooutwithyou.Withonlytwominutestogo,theyhurriedtothestation.Withallthisworktodo,Idon’tknowifI’llhavetimetogoout.4．with+名词（或代词）+介词短语Hewalkedalongwithhishatonthebackofhishead.Hesimplystaredatherwiththatpeculiarexpressiononhisface.Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.Shesawabrookwithredflowersandgreengrassonbothsides.5．with+名词（或代词）+形容词Themanwassleepingwiththewindowopen.Themotherdoesn’tallowherchildtotalkwithhismouthfull.6．with+名词（或代词）+副词WithJohnaway,we’vegotmoreroom.TheEmperorwalkedinthemiddleoftheprocessionwithnothingon.Thestudentlistenedtohisteacherwithhisheaddown.Withtheteacherthere,hecan’twrite.表示伴随情况、原因、条件、时间或补充说明：1.Thedayisbright,withafreshbreeze________(blow).2.Thenewbuildingwithitswindows________(face)southisouroffice.3.Somewerepoor,withoutevenaraincoat__________(protect)themfromtheweather.4.Theyoungmanworeashirtwiththeneck_______(open),showinghisbarechest.5.Thenewlyelectedpresidentfeltveryworriednowwithsomanyproblems_____________(solve).blowingfacingtoprotectopentosolve1.____,wewenthome.A.OurhomeworkhadbeenfinishedB.OurhomeworkhavingbeenfinishedC.OurhomeworkfinishingD.Ourhomeworkbeenfinished2.Themeeting____,hewentbacktohiscompany.A.OverB.hadoverC.wasoverD.havebeenover3.Time____,weshallvisitthezoo.A.beenpermitting,B.permittingC.permittedD.havingbeenpermitted4,____,heputonhiscoat.A.ItbeingcoldB.ItcoldC.BeingcoldD.Ithavingbeencold5.Helefttheroom____.A.withthedoorclosingB.withthedoorclosedC.withthedoorbeingclosedD.thedoorwasclosed6.Themurderwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied.