四大解题要决

2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系1四大解题要决语义连接法逻辑关系对应分析法同义复现法褒贬一致法2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系2（一）语义连接法1.表示时间关系：meantime,meanwhile,when,afterthen…，时间状语例:LastsummerItookajobasawaitress.Mymotivesatthetimewerepurelyulterior:Ihadbeenattractedbylocalfablesofthegeneroustipsleftbytourists…Myroutinewastheregularone:takeorders,carryfood,….Duringthatfirstweek,Icouldonlystumblehomeafteraday’sworkandfallinbed.EvenwhenIhadbecomeaccustomedtotheroutine,Ineverhadanytrouble….Bytheendofthesummer,Ihadfirmlyresolved…2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系32.表示空间关系：up,down,inside,over,beyond…用于描写自然环境，地形地貌，房屋布置，物体构造的语篇。例:Itwasthegreenheartofthecanyon,…Hereallthingsrested.Eventhenarrow…Ononeside,beginningatthe…wasatinymeadow….Beyondthepoolagentleslopeofearthranupandup….Below,thecanyonwasshutin.Therewasnoview….Upthecanyonrosefarhillsandpeaks….Andfarbeyond,likecloudsupontheborderofthesky,…2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系43.表示例举和顺序：first(ly),second(ly),third(ly)…;one,two,three…(学术论文和科技文章）;foronething…(and)foranother(thing);forastart(非正式）;tobeginwith,tostartwith;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace;next,then;finally,eventually,last,lastly;toconclude…2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系54.表示意义增进和引申:again,also,furthermore,moreover,then,inaddition,aboveall,whatismore…例:Youshouldnottrustadvertisements.Lookattheproductsthemselves….Talktoyourfriends…Readaboutproductresearch…Andthenyouwill….Aboveall,don’tbuyaproductbecauseanadvertisementsaysthatafamousfootballplayeroramoviestarlikesit.：2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系65.表示转折和对比：but,however,nevertheless,still,though,yet,inanycase,atanyrate,inspiteofthat,afterall,instead,then,onthecontrary,bywayofcontrast,conversely,bywayofcomparison,ontheotherhand…2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系76.表示等同和替换：equally,likewise,similarly,inthesameway;namely,inotherwords,thatis,thatistosay;better,rather,alternatively,ontheotherhand;(or)again,(even)better,worse(still)…例：Hemaybelate.Worsestill,hemaynotcomeatall.Wouldyouliketohaveameetingaboutthematterthisafternoon?Alternatively,wecoulddiscussitatdinner.2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系87.表示过渡和总结：incidentally,now,bytheway;altogether,overall,allinall,inall,inbrief,inconclusion,inshort,toconclude,tosumup…例:Norwaywelcomeschildren,andhere,asusuallyelsewhere,thereis70%reductionforthoseuptothree…Youarehalf-price,incidentally,untilyouare15onNorwegiantrainsandmostbusesandsteamers.2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系98.表示结果和推论：asaresult,accordingly,consequently,asa(in)consequence,forthis/thatreason,onthataccount,inthatcase,so,hence,therefore,then,thus;accordingly;else,otherwise…例:Thefactorywasburneddownlastnight;onthataccountmanyworkmenwerethrownoutofemployment.Tomeettheneedsofthenewsituation,agriculturehadtoundergoadrasticchange–thatwasindisputable;else(=ifnot,otherwise)thecountrywouldhavestarved.2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系10真题示例（2001）Whenwethinkaboutaddictiontodrugsoralcohol,wefrequentlyfocusonnegativeaspects,ignoringthepleasuresthataccompanydrinkingordrug-taking.46theessenceofanyseriousaddictionisapursuitofpleasure,asearchfora“high”…46.A.HenceB.BecauseC.AndyetD.moreover2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系11(2002/3)…Womenhavemovedintotheworldofworkandhavebecomeadeptatmeetingexpectationsinthatarena,48maintainingtheirfamilyrolesofnurturingandcreating….48.A.byB.whileC.henceD.thus(2000)…Explosivepopulationgrowth49atorrentofmigrationfromthecountrysidearecreatingcitiesthatdwarfthegreatcapitalsofthepast.49.A.ofB.likeC.andD.or2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系12(1996)Ifthetrajectoryisinfactpursued,industrialgrowthwill53havetocometoanimmediatehalt,…53.A.ratherB.hardlyC.thenD.hence(1998)…Thepuritans,48theywerecalled,hadmuchtobethankful49.48.A.sinceB.likeC.forD.as2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系13（二）逻辑关系对应分析法1.并列关系同义词解法2.对立关系反义词解法3.总—分式解法4.分—总式解法2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系14(1997)It'snosecretthatteachershavebeenleavingtheirchosenfieldindroves.Butnoteveryteacherisburnedout.Imyselfjustcannotimaginelife41theclassroom.Why,then,doIstayinteaching?41.A.outsideB.inC.intoD.out(2001)…Theorganismmaybe57sated,butsoonitbeginstocraveagain….57.A.eventuallyB.temporarilyC.accordinglyD.subsequently真题示例2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系15(2001)Aheroinaddict,forinstance,leadsa59life,hisincreasingneedforheroininincreasingdosespreventshimfromworking,frommaintainingrelationships,fromdevelopinginhumanways.60analcoholic’slifeisnarrowedanddehumanizedbyhisdependenceonalcohol.60.A.SimilarlyB.ConverselyC.NaturallyD.Generally2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系16（三）同义反复法同义词的重复表强调近义词的运用表递进相关词的搭配表衔接2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系17真题示例(1999)Gradually,withoutseeingitclearlyforquiteawhile,IcametorealizethatsomethingisverywrongwiththewayAmericanwomenaretryingtolivetheirlivestoday.Isenseditfirstasa46markinmyownlife,as47wifeandmotherofthreesmallchildren,half-guilty,andthereforehalf-heartedlyusingmyabilitiesandeducationinworkthattookme48home.Itwasthispersonalquestionmarkthatletmetospendagreatdealoftimedoing…46.A.questionB.darkC.significantD.quotation2002-11-30中国科学院研究生院外语系18(2002/3)AtleastsincetheIndustrialRevolution,genderroleshavebeeninastateoftransition.Asaresult,culturalscriptsaboutmarriagehaveundergonechange.Oneofthemoreobvious46hasoccurredintherolesthatwomen47…46.A.incidentsB.changesC.resultsD.effects20