研一翻译与写作课程部分习题

1.PeopleineverypartoftheglobedislikeaggressiveAmericans.a.Don'tchangeaggressiveAmericans.b.Change“ineverypartoftheglobe.Canyouthinkofasinglewordtosubstitute?Peopleworldwidedislike“aggressiveAmerican”.2.ThosewhosupporttoachievetheirpersonalobjectivesconsidertheSecurityCounciltobeweak.a.Usewarsupporters.b.Useadifferentwordforconsiders.c.Useanegativeword,alongwiththeoppositeofweak.WarsupporterstoachievetheirpersonalobjectivesbelievetheUNSecurityCouncilsnotstrong3.Nothinghasbeendeterminedbecausethereisnoagreementamongauthorities.Asaresult,effortsforpeacehavebeenhampered,atbest.a.Puttheinformationinthereverseorder:secondpartfirst,firstpartsecond.b.Usetheverbthatremainswhenyoutakeoffthesuffixfromdisagreement.c.Startwithpeaceefforts.d.Keepthewordhampered.Peaceeffortshavebeenhamperedbecauseexpertsdisagree,therefore,therehavebeennoresults/conclusions/outcomes.4.ThereisgeneralagreementamongEuropeanleadersthattotalunificationofEuropeancountrieswouldstrengthentheeconomicstabilityoftheentireregion.a.UseEuropeanleadersasthesubject.b.Usetheadverbformofgeneral.CUsetheverbthatistherootofagreement.EuropeanleadersgenerallyagreethatifEuropeancountrieswouldunify,therewouldbeamorestableeconomy.5.NooneknowshowmanyCEOssufferfromalcoholismanddrugabuse,butestimatesrunashighas30%.a.BeginwithThepercentageofCEOswho.b.Forsufferfromalcoholism,substituteare____(filltheblankwiththewordthatmeanspersonwhosuffersfromalcoholisminthepluralform.)TheestimatedpercentageofCEOswhoarealcoholicsandabusedrugsisupto30%.6.Whydoteenagersturntodelinquency?Someexpertsbelievetheybecomedelinquentsbecauseofdissatisfactionwithfamilylifeandfriends,butthisviewisshort-sightedandstereotypical.Recentstudieshavelookedatthisprobleminmoredepth.a.Takeoutthequestion.b.Startwiththeideaofrecentresearch.c.Keepthewordsshort-sightedandstereotypical.Recentresearchhasexaminedthereasonsfordelinquencyandfoundthatlookingonlyatdissatisfactionwithfamilyandfriendsisshortsightedandstereotypical.7.Someevidencerevealsthatsmokingmightbeacauseofbaldness.Thecorrelationisinterestingsinceitlinkstwofactorsthathavenogeneticconnection.a.BeginwithAccordingto.b.Insteadofsmokingmightbeacauseofbaldness,usethepassivevoicebaldnessmaybecausedby...Accordingtosomeinterestingevidence,baldnessmaybecausedbysmokingeventhoughthereseemstobenogeneticcorrelation.8.Attitudestowardtheelderlyarechangingdramaticallyasbabyboomersgrowolder.Formanyyearstheelderlywereseenaslessusefuloncetheyreachedretirementage.However,newresearchpointstotheincreasedproductivityofolderagedworkers,eventhosewhoareintheir80sand90s.Trythisparaphrasewithoutguidance.Newresearchindicatesthatolderagedworkersareproductive,evenintotheir80sand90s.Asaresult,attitudestowardtheelderlyarechangingdramaticallyfromtheviewthattheelderlywerenolongerusefuloncetheyretired.Historyisthebestantidotetodelusionsofomnipotenceandomniscience.Self-knowledgeistheindispensablepreludetoself-control,forthenationaswellasfortheindividual,andhistoryshouldforeverremindusofthelimitsofourpassingperspectives.Itshouldstrengthenustoresistthepressuretoconvertmomentaryimpulsesintomoralabsolutes.Itshouldleadustoacknowledgeourprofoundandchasteningfrailtyashumanbeings---toarecognitionofthefact,sooftenandsosadlydisplayed,thatthefutureoutwitsallourcertitudesandthatthepossibilitiesofthefuturearemorevariousthanthehumanintellectisdesignedtoconceive.历史是全知、全能虚幻最好的解毒剂。对国家也好对个人也好，自制所需的必要前提是自知之明，历史将永远提醒我们过去观念的局限性。历史将加强我们抵抗把暂时冲动转化成道德上绝对的压迫。历史将让我们知晓：生为人类的我们那影响深远、需不断矫正之道德脆弱性；历史将让我们经常性地、悲哀展示性地获知这些事实：未来将超越我们所能确信，并且未来可能的性要远比人类智力所能想象的更加多样化。Thegreatstrengthofhistoryinafreesocietyisitscapacityforself-correction。Thisistheendlessexcitementofhistoricalwriting---thesearchtoreconstructwhatwentbefore,aquestilluminatedbythoseever-changingprismsthatcontinuallyplaceoldquestionsinanewlight.自由社会里，历史的伟大力量在于它的自我修正能力。这是历史性著作中无尽的兴奋点——对曾经发生的进行重建性探求，这种探求如同使用不断变化的棱镜：将老问题放在新光源里。正说反译：1).That’sathingthatmighthappentoanyone.这件事有可能发生在任何一个人身上。2).Thebeautyofthescenerypassesallpowerofdescription．风景之美，非任何言语所能形容3）Bothsidesthoughtthattheproposalwasonetheycouldacceptwithdignity.双方都认为这是一项他们可以接受而又不失体面的建议。4）Fullyclothed,hefellacrosshisbunkandwasinstantlysleep.他衣服也不脱往床铺上横着一躺，很快就睡着了5)Itwouldbemostdisastrousevenifarumorofitweregivenout.甚至只要有一点点风声漏出去，结果就不堪设想6）Thursdayisratherawkwardforme．CouldwemeetonTuesday？星期四对我来说不方便，我们星期二碰头好吗？7）Someofthestorieswerereallymorethancouldbebelieved.有些故事实在令人难以相信。8）Ihavefallenbehindwithmycorrespondence.我积压了许多信没回9）Theislandersfoundthemselvesfarfromreadytofightthewar.岛民发现自己远远没有作好作战准备。10)Ifyouforwardthetranscriptsyourself，theycanbeconsideredofficialonlyiftheschoolenvelopehasremainedsealed.如果你本人递交证件，只有校方信封保持密封才可以被认为是正式的11.Airistomanwhatwateristofish.空气之于人犹如水之于鱼12.Computersmayeventuallybeabletolearnbyusingsuchsensesassmell,touchandtaste.Butwillcomputersbecomesmarterthanpeople?Thatisanybody’sguess.也许电脑最终会学会使用像闻、摸、尝这样的感觉，但是电脑会变得比人聪明吗？这不得而知。13.Healwayslivesaheadofhissalary.他老是入不敷出14.You‘dbettergoslowinreachingaconclusion.你最好不要急于下结论。15.Theoldmanlayawakealmostthewholenight.老人躺在床上几乎一整夜没睡16'Now,Clara,befirmwiththeboy!听