全新版大学英语第4册第一单元

Unit1FightingwiththeForcesofNatureOverviewTheforcesofnaturecanplayadecisiveroleindeterminingtheoutcomeofawar.Severeweatherisoftenconsideredacurse,butforthosefacingattackitcancomeasablessing.Thetwostoriesinthisunitvividlyillustratethepowerofnaturetoshapethecourseofhistory.词汇变色（1）--courseN.(1)Theplanewasoncourse.Heradioedthepilottochangecourse.(2)Thewisestcoursewouldbesaynothing.Therearevariouscoursesopentous.(3)Theunexpectedcourseofeventsarousedconsiderablealarm.Changethecourseofhistory词汇变色（1）—course(4)Themaincoursewasroastduck.(5)Thepathfollowsthecourseofriver.(6)ToprescribeacourseofantibioticsRun/takeitscourseTextATheIcyDefenderStructureAnalysisDetailedLearningStructureAnalysisArgumentation+SupportingDetails+ConclusionArgumentationPart2ConclusionPart3Paras.3~11Para.12-20Part1Para.21SupportingDetailsParas.1-2Argumentation:theseverityofRussianwinterleadsthefailuresoftwomilitarycampaigns(Para.1-2)Conclusion:theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign(Para.21)Hitler’smilitarycampaign(paras.12-20)Napoleon’smilitarycampaign(Paras.3-11)Argumentation(paras.1-2)Inthepassagewriting,what’smoreimportantisthefluencyoflanguage.Canyoufindoutsomecoherencedeviceinthefirsttwoparas?CoherenceDeviceInordertoachievethefluencyoflanguage,amixtureofwritingskillswillbeused,suchastheuseofpronoun,thefiguresofspeech,andtheuseofsomeconjunctions.He,waspreparedfor,waspreparedfor,But,wasnotpreparedfor…Unequalled,mowdown,ashortcampaign,but…theRussianwinter,again.PartI(para.1,2)introduction(s)Hewaspreparedfor….Hewaspreparedfor….Buthewasnotpreparedfor…thefigureofspeech:ParallelismThefunctionofdisjunctiveconjunction“but”:EmphasisParallelism(parallelstructure)1.前缀para-:侧面，平行，错误Parameter(参数，参量）,paramilitary（准军事，辅助军事的）,paranormal,2.para-构词成分，意思是保护，防护Parachute(降落伞),parasol（guessmeaning),para-eliteParallelStructureThedefinitioninADictionaryofLiteraryTerms:Itconsistsofphrasesorsentencesofsimilarconstructionandmeaningplacedsidebyside,balancingeachother.(平行排列两个或两个以上结构相同或相似、意义相关的短语或句子）。英语中这种修辞手段是为了增强语言的气势，突出表达的力量，抒发强烈的情感。排比是表现力非常丰富、使用频率颇高的修辞方式。DetailedLearningCanyouanalyzeHitler’spsychology?ActiveExpressions(1)InEnglish,youmayfindsomeexpressionsformedbyverycommonwords,buttheyareactiveandpowerful.What’sonatthecinematonight?今晚电影院上演什么？What’sheupto?他忙什么呢？ActiveExpressionsInthecaseofbothNapoleonandHitler,themanyvictoriestheyenjoyedledthemtobelievethatanythingwaspossible,thatnothingcouldstandintheirway.ActiveExpressionsInthecaseof:asfaras..Isconcerned,Stand/get/beintheway:preventfromdoingsth.Translation1.对于小电影而言，利率的上调是灾难性的。2.一旦真的发生火灾，许多人就不知所措，不知道该干什么好了.3.激烈的竞争不断的妨碍他们的发展。4.很多老师抱怨他们在教学方法上无法进步，是因为现存的考试体系不不给力。Keys1.Theriseofinterestratewillbedisastrousinthecaseofsmallfilms.2.Manypeopledon'tknowwhattodointhecaseoffire.3.Fiercecompetitionkeepsgettinginthewayoftheirdevelopment.4.Manyteacherscomplainthattheycan’tmakeanyimprovementastheexistingexamsystemisintheway.devastate:ruin;makedesolate(记)de(否定，除掉，去除）+vast(大量)+ate–大量弄坏—破坏Thelossofherfamilydevastatedher.OurEmbassywasdevastatedbythreebombsofNATO我们的使馆被北约的三枚炸弹炸毁了。n.devastationadj.devastating词汇变色(2)--rawadj.1.FOOD,notcookedThesefishareofteneatenraw.2.METERIALS,initsnaturalstate.Rawsugar,rawsalt,3.INFORMATION,notanalyzed,Thisinformationisonlyrawdataandwillneedfurtheranalysis.词汇变色(2)--raw4.QUALITIES粗犷的，未经训练的Songsfullofrawemotion5.PERSONnewtoajobArawbeginner6.WEATHERverycoldArawnorthwindlaunchvt.a.start;b.sendsth.onitscourseBeginningintheearly1960s,humanslaunchedprobestoexploreotherplanes.这家电脑公司今年开始生产一种新产品。Thiscomputercompanylaunchesanewproductthisyear.collocationlaunchanattacklaunchamassivecampaignlaunchacompany（开一家公司）launchthreatsatsb.launchinto(开始)launchout（开始）他开始做关于吸毒危险长篇演讲Helaunchedintoaspeechaboutthedangeroftakingdrugs.她不仅想当歌星，而且开始涉足影坛。Shewantstobemorethanasingerandislaunchingoutintofilms.PartII–Napoleon’sMilitaryCampaign1.Findoutthebasicinformation:Time:Number:Featuresofsoldiers:Predication:Learnwordsbytext-readingGothroughfrompara4-para11andconcludetheuseof“retreat”.TheCourseofWarShortlyafterwards,inAugust,onNovember,1812,Again,inOctober1812,(s)Thesoldierswerewelltrained…wellequipped.•Translatethefollowingphrases：Well-trainedWell-efficientWell-equipped训练有素作战力强装备精良(W)efficient:adj.workingwell,quicklyandwithoutwaste•Theheatingsystemhasrecentlybeenmodifiedtomakeitmoreefficient.•雇佣未受良好训练的工人效果是不会好的。•Itisnotefficienttohirepoorlytrainedworkers.•Dailyuse:节能的•energy-efficient/energyefficient(S)Napoleon,confident…predictedtheconquestofRussiainfiveweeks.•Whatisthefunctionof“confidentofaquickvictory”inthesentence?•Itisanadjectivephrase,servingasanadverbialmodifier,indicatingthecause.•WhatcanweinferfromthesentenceaboutNapoleon’scharacters?•Heisself-confident,buttooproud.(W)conquest:conquering,defeat•HitlerbadlymiscalculatedwhenheassumedtheconquestoftheUSSRwouldbesimple.•1939年，德国政府入侵了波兰。•Theyear1939hadwitnessedtheconquestofPolandbyGermany.•癌症的征服为期不远。•Theconquestofcancerisimminent.[iminənt](w)decisive:producingadefiniteresultorconclusion•Thequick,decisivevictory:速决速胜•Theenemywasdefeatedinadecisivebattle.•果断些，确切