人教版英语选修八unit5Using-Language

Unit5MeetingyourancestorsUsingLanguageTheworkonearlypeopledependsonthedatesgiventothebonesthatarefound.Ifthedatesarewrong,allthedataaboutearlypeoplemayalsobewrong.SoZhouHepingisveryinterestedtofindouthowarchaeologistsmakesurethattheirdatesareaccurate.ListeninganddiscussingyogurtpotsorangeskinwastepaperusedenvelopesThewastepaperbasket1ListentoPart1ofthetapeandtrytounderstand“thewastepaperbasket”diagramontherightandfillinthelayers.Itusesradioactivitytomeasuretheamountof_______inlivingthings.The_______inadeadbody__________ata______rate.Weknowhowlongthattakes,sowecanmeasuretheamountof_______and_________howoldaboneis.carboncarbondisappearsfixedcarbonworkout2ListentoPart2andcompletethepassagebelow.3Lookatthisarchaeologicaldrawingofasectionshowingbuildingsatdifferenttimesandworkouttheorderinwhichtheywerebuilt.Writeyouranswerbelowandcheckwithyourpartner.Remembertogiveareasonforyouranswerinyourdiscussion.TheoldestbuildingisBbecauseithasnolayersunderneathit.ThesecondoldestbuildingisCbecauseithasnolayerunderneathit.ThatlayeristheremainsofthebuildinginB.ThemostrecentbuildingisbuildingA.Ithastwolayersunderneath.TheyaretheremainsofbuildingsBandC.ZH:Howcanyoutellhowoldbonesarewhenyoufindthem?LISTENINGTEXT(P42)DATINGMETHODSZhouHepinghascometoaskthearchaeologist,RichardLeakey,howhedatestheboneshefinds.Part1RL:Therearetwomainways:thefirstuseslayersinthegroundandthesecondusestheradiocarbondating.ZH:Howdoesthelayermethodwork?RL:Well,Lookatthediagraminyourbook.Thinkofyourwastepaperbasket.Whenyoucameintoworkyouthrewtheorangeskinintoit.That’slayernumber1.Latersomebodythrewyogurtpotsintoit.That’slayernumber2.ZH:Ohyes,andthenIthrewsomepaperintoit.Sothat’slayernumber3.RL:Yes,andfinallysomeonethrewsomeusedenvelopes.Sohowmanylayersarethereinthiswastepaperbasket?ZH:TherearefourRL:Good.Nowwhichlayeristhefirstandthereforetheoldest?ZH:Theorangeskin.RL:Andwhichisthelastandthereforethemostrecent?ZH:Ofcourse-theusedenvelopes.Iseehowitworksnow.Buthowdoesithelp?RL:Well,layersofsoilareproducedatdifferenttimeslikethelayersinyourwastepaperbasket.Eachtimepeoplelivesomewhere,theymakealayerinthesoil.Iftheylivethereforalongtime,theymakealotoflayers.Eachlayerhasadifferentcolourandtexturewhichweusetofindouthowolditis.ZH:Howsplendid!ZH:Nowwhataboutradiocarbondating?RL:Thisismorescientific.Itusestheradioactivitytomeasuretheamountofcarboninlivingthings.Thecarboninadeadbodydisappearsatafixedrate.Weknowhowlongthattakes,sowecanmeasuretheamountPart2ofcarbonandworkouthowoldaboneis.ZH:That'sveryclever.Isitaccuratetoo?RL:Therearesomeproblemswithveryoldbones,soyouarealwaysgiventwodates.ZH:Howdoesthatwork?RL:Well,thedateforabonemaybebetween9,900yearsand10,100yearsold.ZH:Isee!HowoldarethebonesfromtheZhoukoudianCaves?RL:Theyarebetween250,000and400,000yearsold.ZH:Perhapswecouldvisitthesitetogethersometime?RL:Ofcourse.Wheneveryoulike!THEFEAST:18,000BC北京人生活想象图北京猿人的化石首次发现于1927年1929年12月2日发现第一个完整的头盖骨到1937年已发现的北京人的头盖骨共5个。1941年12月太平洋战争爆发后,在几个美国人手里弄得下落不明。1966年又发现一个残破的头盖骨。总共发现了属于40多个个体的北京人化石。时间距今约七十万年至二十万年。北京人●能够制造和使用劳动工具●能使用天然火●摆脱了杂交的婚姻形态●生活艰苦,寿命比较短暂北京猿人的特征北京人使用过的石器北京人石器制作法山顶洞人▲距今时间:18000年前▲地点:北京周口店龙骨山山顶洞穴▲体形:同现代人大体一样,脑容量：1300——1500毫升▲生产和生活：开始采用磨制和钻孔技术制造石器、骨器制造骨针,缝制兽皮衣服产生了原始宗教仪式过着氏族公社的生活山顶洞人头骨山顶洞人Drawthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para1.Lalaworriedaboutthepreparationsforthefeastandshehopedthefeastcouldbeasgoodastheonelastyear.Para2.Lalaandherfamiliesmadepreparationsforthefeast.Para3.thedescriptionofDahu.Para4.howdidDahumaketools.1.Thistextismainlyanimaginativestoryaboutafamilyfeastof____.A.agirlB.amanC.agirloftheearliestpeopleD.amoderngirl2.Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanlearnthatthefamilygroupslivedon_____.A.fishB.cropsC.huntingD.farmingCCChoosethebestanswer.3.Lala’sguestscameto____.A.danceB.talkaboutanimportantthingC.enjoyafeastD.seeLala4.Dahuwentouttosharpenthescrapersto______.A.killanenemyB.usethemasweaponsC.scrapethefishD.cutstonesCC5.Fromthetextwecaninferthatfamilygroups_____.A.livedtogetherB.livedfarawayC.livedinthesamecaveD.livedseparatelyD1.Whoworkscooperativelyandwhodoestasksalone?Bothmenandwomenworkcooperatively.Forexample,Lala’smotherandauntswerepreparingthemeatofdeerandpigoverthefire.Mendotasksalone.Answerthefollowingquestionsafterreadingthetext:2.Whodoesthemostdangeroustasks?Mendothemostdangeroustasks.3.Wheredoesthedangercomefrom?Thedangercomesfromthewildanimals.1Readthepassageandfindoutwhatthepossibleworkdivisionwasbetweenmenandwomeninprimitivesocietiesandfillinthechartbelow.Men’stasksWomen’stasks112Fishing23344Preparingfood55Men’stasks12Fishing345MakingandrepairingtoolsHuntinganimalsProtectingthegroupfromharmCuttingdowntreesWomen’stasks1234Preparingfood5LookingafterchildrenPreparingskinstomakeclothesCuttingupmeatandfishforcookingCollectingnuts,fruitandwater2InpairsworkoutwhichjobsDahudidandwhichLaladid.NameJobsDahuaLalacatchfish,repairstone,makescrapersandaxe-headscollectfruitandnuts,preparefood3Nowlookcloselyatthetasksbeforeanddiscusswhichadjectivesbestdescribeeachofthem.Giveyourreasons.caringtoughprotectivedangeroussafeusefulco-operativepatientindividualexhau