仁爱英语七年级下册重点语法知识归纳

七年级下期末考试复习一、名词的数可数名词的复数在名词后加“-s/-es”,不可数名词没有复数重点记忆：可数名词:bus-busesbox-boxesknife-knivesman-menwoman-womensnowman-snowmenbaby-babiesglass-glassesfamily-familiestomato-tomatoes(马铃薯)foot-feetmouse-micechild-childrenshelf-shelvesactivity-activitiescountry-countriesmouse-micewish-wishesleaf-leaves不可数名词：hairchickenricebreadwatermilkjuicefoodhomeworkworkmeat单复数都是同一个词（单复同形）：ChineseJapanesepeoplesheep(绵羊)一、冠词元音因素前用“an”,辅音因素前用“a”重点记忆：anappleanEnglishteacheranofficeworkeranAmericanan“eleven”一个十一aneraseranegganorangeanearanactoranofficeanorder(一个命令)anemail(一封邮件)冠词“the”是特指，写作时一般用于第二次出现的人和事物二、数词基数词onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineten序数词firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtenth基数词eleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen序数词eleventhtwelfththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenth基数词twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetyonehundred序数词twentieththirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetieth重点记忆：firstsecondthirdfiftheighthninthtwelfthfifteenthfortieth三、动词1.动词的单三形式：一般加“-s/-es”,部分双写最后一个字母，辅音+y结尾，要把“y”变成“i”，再加“es”,具体规则参考课本，下面列举出需要重点记忆的单词：do-doeshave-hasteach-teachesgo-goescatch-catchesfly-fliestry-triesstudy-studieswatch-watchesstudy-studieswish-wishes2.动词的“-ing”形式，一般情况下在动词后加“-ing”，不发音的“e”结尾要去“e”后才加“-ing”,如：have-havinglive-livingcome-comingdrive-drivingmake-makingride-ridinguse-usingwrite-writingchange-changingshine-shiningprepare-preparingshare-sharingarrive-arrivingbelieve-believing部分需双写最后一个字母后再加“-ing”,如：swim-swimmingshop-shoppingget-gettingsit-sittingrun-running3.动词的过去式，一般情况下加“-ed”,辅音加“y”结尾，先把“y”变成“i”再加“-ed”,部分要双写最后一个字母，部分是不规则变化，具体参考课本。一下是重点记忆：fly-fliedtry-triedstudy-studiedstop-stoppedplan-planned四、代词主格Iweyou(你)you(你们)hesheitthey宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem形容词性物主代词myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs反身代词myselfourselvesyourselfyourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves五、连词but但是，表示转折；and和，表示并列和递进；so因此，表示因果；or或者，表示选择六、特殊表达1.时间：在几点，用介词“at”如，at9:00at12:30半个小时用half,十五分钟用quarter;差几分用to,超过用past,如：10:30halfpastten12:10tenpasttwelve8:15aquartertoeight11:55fivetotwelve9:45aquartertoten10:50tentoeleven2.表示频率用“time”，表示次数，用“Howoftendoyougohome?”这个句型提问：回答方式如下Veryoften.(经常)Seldom.(很少)Never.（从不）everyday每天onceaday一天一次twiceaweek一周两次threetimesamonth一月三次fourtimesayear一年四次4.时间状语：表示经常做的事情：oftenusuallyalwayssometimesseldomnever（句子用一般现在时，即do/does）表示正在做的事情：nowlooklistenbequiet(句子用现在进行时，即be+doing)表示过去的时间：yesterdaylastnightthismorninglastyearthreedaysagojustnow(刚才)whenhewasfivelastMondaylastmonthbefore(句子用一般过去时，即did-动词过去式)5.地点状语的表达方式：athomeontheplaygroundonafarminthetree(外面飞来的)onthetree（树本身长的）intheclassroomonthefirstflooronthesecondfloornextto...closeto...farfromnotfarfromontheleftof...ontherightof...inthecenterof..atthebackof...attheendof...behindunderinfrontof...(物体外部)Inthefrontof...(物体内部)onthetelephone在电话里onthecomputer在电脑上between...and...在...和...之间beacrossfrom...在...对面6.情态动词：can/could表示能够、会做must表示必须、一定should表示应该may表示能否can/could/must/should/may等词后面都要加动词原形，即do,如，Imustgohomenow.7.afew+cn复few+cn复，但表示否定意义，相当于noalittle+unlittle+un,但表示否定意义，相当于noalittle还可以放在形容词前修饰形容词，如alittledifficult有点难8.many+un复,如：manybooks,manyflowersmuch+un,如：muchwater,muchbread,muchmeathowmany/howmuch（多少），somany/somuch（如此多、这么多）的区别同many和much9.some一些，用于肯定句和委婉的疑问句，如:Wouldyoulikesomebread?/Iwantsomebread.any用于否定句和一般疑问句，如：Idon’thaveanyfood./Doyouhaveanymilk?something和anything的区别同some和any10.后接todo的动词有：wanttodo...wouldliketodo...plantodo...wishtodo...hopetodo...decidetodo...needtodo...forgettodo...remembertodo...11.后接doing的动词有：likedoing....lovedoing...enjoydoing...12.名词便形容词：sun-sunnyfog-foggyrain-rainywind-windysnow-snowycloud-cloudy13.形容词变副词：strong-stronglyheavy-heavilybright-brightly14.重点句型：（1）It’stimeforsth=It’stimefordoing...=It’stimetodo...衍生句型：It’sthebesttimetodo.../It’sthebestseasontodo.../It’sagoodseasonfordoing...（2）Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.（3）Classesbeginat8:00.（4）Youmeanyouusuallycometoschoolbyunderground?mean意思是...意味着...（5）IthinktheyarehavinganEnglishclass.think认为、想（6）IthinkyoumustlikeEnglishverymuch.must一定、必须（7）It’salittledifficult.alittle+形容词，表示有点（8）IstudyChinese,English,Mathandsomeothersubjects.someother+cn复，表示其他一些...（9）It’satownhousewithtwofloors.with表示带有...afarmhousewithabigyard（10）Thereisoneinfrontofourbuilding.one一个，用来替代前文出现的事物,且为可数名词（11）Therearemanyoldpeoplelivinghere./Therearemanybirdssinginginthetree.living/singing表示正在做...（12）Manyfamilieswithyoungchildrenlivehere,too.with表示有、带着（13）Ourschoolisnotfarfromhere.farfrom离..很远notfarfrom...离...不远（14）Wecancallitforhelp.call...forhelp向...寻求帮助（15）Wehaveawonderfullifehere.（16）Goacrossthebridge.goacross=cross穿过（17）Goalongthisroaduntilyougettothehospital.until表示直到...（18）ThenyoushouldchangetotheBusNo.1.changeto表示换乘...（19）Havearest.休息一下（20）I’mafraidyoucan’t.I’mafraid+句子，表示恐怕....beafraidof...害怕...（21）I’msurewe’llhaveagoodtimeattheparty.I’msure+句子，表示我相信、我确信...（22）Whenshewassix,therewassomethingwrongwithhereyes.somethingwrongwith......出了问题（23）Withhermother’shelp,shecanwritewell.withone’shelp在某人的帮助下（24）Shewantstobeawriter.wa