2006-42-EC机械指令MD概述

MachinerySafetyDirective2006/42/ECDirective2006/42/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof17May2006onmachinery,andamendingDirective95/16/EC(recast)(TextwithEEArelevance)THEEUROPEANPARLIAMENTANDTHECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANUNION,HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanCommunity,andinparticularArticle95thereof,HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission[1],HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEuropeanEconomicandSocialCommittee[2],ActinginaccordancewiththeprocedurelaiddowninArticle251oftheTreaty[3],Whereas:(1)Directive98/37/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof22June1998ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtomachinery[4]codifiedDirective89/392/EEC[5].NowthatnewsubstantialamendmentsarebeingmadetoDirective98/37/EC,itisdesirable,inordertoclarifymatters,thatthatDirectiveshouldberecast.(2)ThemachinerysectorisanimportantpartoftheengineeringindustryandisoneoftheindustrialmainstaysoftheCommunityeconomy.Thesocialcostofthelargenumberofaccidentscauseddirectlybytheuseofmachinerycanbereducedbyinherentlysafedesignandconstructionofmachineryandbyproperinstallationandmaintenance.(3)MemberStatesareresponsibleforensuringthehealthandsafetyontheirterritoryofpersons,inparticularofworkersandconsumersand,whereappropriate,ofdomesticanimalsandgoods,notablyinrelationtotherisksarisingoutoftheuseofmachinery.(4)Inordertoensurelegalcertaintyforusers,thescopeofthisDirectiveandtheconceptsrelatingtoitsapplicationshouldbedefinedaspreciselyaspossible.(5)TheMemberStates'mandatoryprovisionsgoverningconstructionsitehoistsintendedforliftingpersonsorpersonsandgoods,whichareoftensupplementedbydefactocompulsorytechnicalspecificationsand/orbyvoluntarystandards,donotnecessarilyleadtodifferentlevelsofhealthandsafetybut,becauseoftheirdisparities,doneverthelessconstitutebarrierstotradewithintheCommunity.Moreover,thenationalsystemsfortheconformityassessmentandcertificationofthesemachinesdivergeconsiderably.ItisthereforedesirablenottoexcludefromthescopeofthisDirectiveconstructionsitehoistsintendedforliftingpersonsorpersonsandgoods.(6)ItisappropriatetoexcludefromthescopeofthisDirectiveweapons,includingfirearms,thataresubjecttoCouncilDirective91/477/EECof18June1991oncontroloftheacquisitionandpossessionofweapons[6];theexclusionoffirearmsshouldnotapplytoportablecartridge-operatedfixingandotherimpactmachinerydesignedforindustrialortechnicalpurposesonly.ItisnecessarytoprovidefortransitionalarrangementsenablingMemberStatestoauthorisetheplacingonthemarketandputtingintoserviceofsuchmachinerymanufacturedinaccordancewithnationalprovisionsinforceuponadoptionofthisDirective,includingthoseimplementingtheConventionof1July1969ontheReciprocalRecognitionofProofmarksonSmallArms.SuchtransitionalarrangementswillalsoenabletheEuropeanstandardisationorganisationstodraftstandardsensuringthesafetylevelbasedonthestateoftheart.(7)ThisDirectivedoesnotapplytotheliftingofpersonsbymeansofmachinesnotdesignedfortheliftingofpersons.However,thisdoesnotaffecttherightofMemberStatestotakenationalmeasures,inaccordancewiththeTreaty,withrespecttosuchmachines,withaviewtoimplementingCouncilDirective89/655/EECof30November1989concerningtheminimumsafetyandhealthrequirementsfortheuseofworkequipmentbyworkersatwork(secondindividualDirectivewithinthemeaningofArticle16(1)ofDirective89/391/EEC)[7].(8)Inrelationtoagriculturalandforestrytractors,theprovisionsofthisDirectiveconcerningtheriskscurrentlynotcoveredbyDirective2003/37/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof26May2003ontype-approvalofagriculturalorforestrytractors,theirtrailersandinterchangeabletowedmachinery,togetherwiththeirsystems,componentsandseparatetechnicalunits[8]shouldnolongerapplywhensuchrisksarecoveredbyDirective2003/37/EC.(9)MarketsurveillanceisanessentialinstrumentinasmuchasitensurestheproperanduniformapplicationofDirectives.Itisthereforeappropriatetoputinplacethelegalframeworkwithinwhichmarketsurveillancecanproceedharmoniously.(10)MemberStatesareresponsibleforensuringthatthisDirectiveiseffectivelyenforcedontheirterritoryandthatthesafetyofthemachineryconcernedis,asfaraspossible,improvedinaccordancewithitsprovisions.MemberStatesshouldensuretheircapacitytocarryouteffectivemarketsurveillance,takingaccountofguidelinesdevelopedbytheCommission,inordertoachievetheproperanduniformapplicationofthisDirective.(11)Inthecontextofmarketsurveillance,acleardistinctionshouldbeestablishedbetweenthedisputingofaharmonisedstandardconferringapresumptionofconformityonmachineryandthesafeguardclauserelatingtomachinery.(12)TheputtingintoserviceofmachinerywithinthemeaningofthisDirectivecanrelateonlytotheuseofthemachineryitselfforitsintendedpurposeorforapurposewhichcanreasonablybeforeseen.Thisdoesnotprecludethelayingdownofconditionsofuseexternaltothemachinery,providedthatitisnottherebymodifiedinawaynotspecifiedinthisDirective.(13)ItisalsonecessarytoprovideforanadequatemechanismallowingfortheadoptionofspecificmeasuresatCommunitylevelrequiringMemberStatestoprohibitorrestricttheplacingonthemarketofcertaintypesofmachinerypresentingthesameriskstothehealthand