2018届高三英语试题及答案1

英语试题第1页（共10页）英语试题第2页（共10页）2018届高三英语试题第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASince1984,Philadelphiahasbeencleaningupitsact.Onebyone,graffiti-coveredwallsarebeingchangedintooutdoorart.Sofar,morethan1,800murals（壁画）havebeenpainted.PhiladelphianowhasmoremuralsthananyotherAmericancity.Thewallsthatwereonceuglywithgraffiti（涂鸦）arenowcoveredwithbeautifulpicturesofhistoricalheroesandmodernart,thankstotheMuralArtsProgram(MAP).Itsworkmakesschoolsandpublicplacesattractive,anditscitizensveryproud.TheprogrambeganaspartofPhiladelphia'sAnti-GraffitiNetwork.JaneGoldenistheMAP'sartisticdirector.Whenpeopleaskmewhatourprogramisabout,shesays,Ianswerthemwithoneword:hope.Eachyear,theMAPoffersyouthartprogramsandworkshops.Someone-timegraffitiwritersevenhelppaintMAPmurals.TheMAP'swork,saysGolden,isallaboutdevelopingasenseofcommunity（社区）.Whenaneighborhoodrequestsamural,theMAPworkswiththepeopletheretodevelopamessage.SomemessageshavebeenSafeStreets,LoveandCare,andPeaceWalk.TheMAPreceivesupto50requestsformuralseachweek.Lastyear,theworkerspainted140murals.Themakingofamuralenterspeople'scollectivememoryasanextraordinary,pleasantmomentinneighborhoodhistorysaysGolden,whobeganasamuralistinLosAngeles.1.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Love,fromGraffitiWriterstoMuralistsB.MAP,aNewCompanyinPhiladelphiaC.Jane,anExcellentMuralArtistD.Hope,OneWallataTime2.WhatistheMuralArtsPrograminPhiladelphiaaimedat?A.Helpingtheyoungfindjobs.B.Protectingtheneighborhood.C.Fightingagainstgraffiti.D.Attractingmorevisitors.3.HowdoestheMAPdecideonthemessageforamural?A.Byhavingdiscussionswithpeopleinthecommunity.B.Byseekingadvicefromthecitygovernment.C.Bylearningfromtheyounggraffitiwriters.D.Bystudyingthehistoryofthecity.4.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheworkoftheMAP?A.DifficultB．DangerousC.ExperimentalD.SuccessfulBSomeyearsago,IwashiredbyanAmericanbank.IreceivedaletterfromtheheadofthePersonnelDepartmentthatstarted,DearJohn,Iamquitepleasedthatyouhavedecidedtojoinus.Thatquitesaddenedme.Ithoughthewassayingwe'rekindofpleasedyoudecidedtojoinusalthoughIwishwehadhiredsomeoneelse.ThenIdiscoveredthatinAmericanEnglishquitesometimesmeansvery,whileinBritishEnglishitmeansfairly.SothefirstlessonaboutworkinginothercountriesistolearnthelanguageandbythatIdon'tjustmeanthewordspeoplespeak.Itisbodylanguage,dress,manners,ideasandsoon.Thewaypeopledothingshighlightsmanyofthedifferencesweseebetweencultures（文化）.Someofthesedifferencesmaybeonlyonthesurface-dress,foodandhoursofwork-whileothersmaybedeeperandtakelongertodealwith.Mostly,itisjustaquestionofgettingusedtothedifferencesandacceptingthem,liketheclimate（气候）,whilegettingonwithbusiness.Someofthedifferencesmaybeanimprovement.Peoplearemorepolite;theserviceisbetter;youaskforsomethingtobedoneandithappenswithouthavingtoaskagain.However,otherdifferencescanbetroubling,likepunctuality（准时）.Ifyouinvitepeopletoapartyat7o'clockyourguestswillconsideritpolitetoturnupexactlyontimeinGermany,fiveminutesearlyintheAmericanMidwest,anhourearlyinJapan,15minutesafterwardsintheUK,uptoanhourafterwardsinItalyandsometimeintheeveninginGreece.Iprefernottousethewordlatebecausethereisnothingwrongwiththetimespeoplearrive.Itissimplytheacceptedthingtodointheirowncountry.5.TheauthorwasunhappyasmentionedinParagraph1becausehethought______.A.theAmericanbankdidn'tthinkmuchofhimB.theAmericanbankmighthireanotherperson英语试题第3页（共10页）英语试题第4页（共10页）C.it'sdifficulttogetusedtoAmericancultureD.it'seasytomisunderstandAmericans6.ThewordhighlightsinParagraph2probablymeans_____.A.encouragesB.helpstonarrowC.increasesD.drawsattentionto7.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldwedowithmostculturaldifferences?A.Askthenativepeopleforhelp.B.Understandandacceptthem.C.Dothingsinourownway.D.Doin-depthresearch.8.Wheninvitedtoapartythepeoplewhoareusuallypunctualare______.A.ItaliansB.GermansC.GreeksD.theBritishCUsually,whenyourteacherasksaquestion,thereisonlyonecorrectanswer.Butthereisonequestionthathasmillionsofcorrectanswers.Thatquestionis“What’syourname?”Everyonegivesadifferentanswer,buteveryoneiscorrect.Haveyoueverwonderedaboutpeople’snames?Wheredotheycomefrom?Whatdotheymean?People’sfirstnames,orgivennames,arechosenbytheirparents.Sometimesthenameofagrandparentorothermemberofthefamilyisused.Someparentschoosethenameofawell-knownperson.AboycouldbenamedGeorgeWashingtonSmith;agirlcouldbenamedHelenKellerJones.Somepeoplegivetheirchildrennamesthatmeangoodthings.Clarameans“bright”;Beatricemeans“onewhogiveshappiness”;Donaldmeans“worldruler”;Leonardmeans“asbraveasalion”.Theearliestlastnames,orsurnames,weretakenfromplacenames.AfamilywiththenameBrookorBrooksprobablylivednearabrook(小溪);someonewhowascalledLongstreetprobablylivedonalong,pavedroad.TheGreenwoodfamilylivedinornearaleafyforest.Otherearlysurnamescamefrompeople’soccupations.ThemostcommonoccupationalnameisSmith,whichmeansapersonwhomakesthingswithironorothermetals.Inthepast,smithswereveryimportantwork