上海版牛津英语4B期末知识点复习

14B期末复习资料Chapter1一、名词单数变复数的规律：1、可数名词以s,x,ch,sh,部分o结尾的名词+esbenches,buses，classes，glasses，dresses，waitresses，foxesboxes，peaches，sandwiches，watches，branches，dishes，brushes，fishes，beaches2、辅音+y结尾的名词，去y变i+esLady---ladiescherry---cherriesstrawberry---strawberrieslibrary---librariesfly---flieslorry---lorriesbody---bodiesbaby---babiesstory---storiescity---citiesfamily---families，aviary---aviariesparty---partiesbattery---batteries3．以f或fe结尾的名词，去f,fe变v+esknife---knives（小刀）wolf---wolvesleaf---leavesscarf---scarveslife---lives4、不可数名词没有复数用“/”表示waterjuicemeatcoffeeteahairjamgluepapericegrassriceflourmilksugarbreadbuttercornhayhoneyfoodfruitsandcornfishhomeworkhairstring5、不规则单词：man---menchild---childrentooth---teethfoot---feetmouse---micewoman---women6、单复数不变的名词sheep---sheepdeer---deerChapter2二、反义词1.short---long/tall2.big---small3.tall---short4.old---young/new5.new---old6.large---little7.smooth---rough8.hard---soft9.hot---cold10.strong---weak(软弱)11.sharp---blunt(钝的)12.brave---afraid13.black---white14.thin---fat15.fast---slow(慢)16.quiet---loud17.warm---cool18.clean---dirty19.dry---wet20.full--hungry21.situp---standdown22.turnon---turnoff23.open---close24.go---come25.behind---infrontof26.left---right27.on---under/off28.this---that29.these---those30.puton---takeoff31.good---bad32.inside---outside33.here----there34.bring---take35.happy---sad36.open---close/shut37.rise---godown38.before—after39.always--never三、疑问代词1.what什么（对句子中的宾语提问）2.whatcolour什么颜色（对颜色提问）23.whatshape什么形状（对形状提问）4.whattime什么时间（对几点钟提问）5.where哪里（对地点／介词词组提问）6.when什么时候（对时间／年，月，日，星期提问7.which哪一个／哪一些（对句子中的定语提问）8.why为什么（对原因提问）9.who谁（对主语，宾语提问）10.whose谁的（对所有格提问）11..how怎样（对方式，程度，身体提问）12.howmany多少（对可数名词数量提问）13.howold几岁（对年龄提问）14..howmuch多少（对不可数名词数量提问，对价格提问）四、人称代词主格宾格所有格Imemyyouyouyourhehimhissheherheritititsweusouryouyouyourtheythemtheir五、同音词here---hearwhere---weartheir---theremeet---meatfor---fourtoo---two---toI---eyeknow---nosee---seapear---pairdear---deerbee---beson---sunhour---ourbye---by---buywrite---rightflower--flourknow---nowho’s---whoseChapter3六、时态1、一般现在时1）表达频繁发生，反复发生，习惯性发生的一种状态。2）常见单词：oftensometimesusuallyalwaysnevereveryday3）句子结构：★肯定句：主语（第一、二、三复）+动词原形主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数3★否定句：主语（第一、二、三复）+don’t+动词原形主语（第三人称单数）+doesn’t+动词原形（助动词后加动词原形）★一般疑问句：Do+主语（第一、二、三复）+动词原形?Yes,主+do.No,主+don’t.Does+主语（第三人称单数）+动词原形?Yes,主+does.No,主+doesn’t.★特殊疑问句：疑问词+do+主语（第一、二、三复）+动词原形?疑问词+does+主语（第三人称单数）+动词原形?4)动词第三人称构成★一般情况+s★以s,sh,ch,o结尾加es:watches,washes,catches,brushes,goes★以辅音字母加y结尾,去y加ies:carries,flies,★特殊情况：have---has2、现在进行时1）表达动作正在进行中。2）常见单词：listenlooknow时间点3）句子结构：★肯定句：主语+be+动词现在分词★否定句：主语+be+not+动词现在分词★一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词现在分词?★特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+动词现在分词?4)动词现在分词构成★一般情况+ing★以不发音的e结尾去e加ing:dancing,making,taking,living,riding,dozing,★重读闭音节，双写加ing:putting,chatting,sitting,digging,swimming,running,gettingChapter4七、语法点1、量词：aglassofapairofabarofacupofaboxofabowlof…1）量词词组后面跟不可数名词或可数名词复数。aglassofjuice,aboxofcookies2)量词词组的单复数以量词前的数词为准：apairofscissors单数twopairsofscissors复数2、选择疑问句：1）用or连接两个选项部分。2）不能用yes,no回答。Isitanappleoranorange?It’sanapple.3、询问感官1）用be动词：Howisit?Howarethey?2)用助动词：Howdoesitfeel/smell/taste?Howdotheyfeel/smell/taste?4、tohave的句型Whatdoyouhave?Ihave…4Whatdoeshehave?Hehas…..5、询问物主1）句子结构:Whose+名词+be+主语？主语+be+物主代词/所有格+名词。Whoseknifeisthis/that?It’sDanny’s.Whosebooksarethese/those?Theyaremybooks.2)名词所有格的构成单数名词后面加’sPeter’scatmymother’scarthetree’sshadow复数名词后面加’thedogs’tailsteachers’officethetrees’shadows6、介词用法1）in+季节、月份、年份、国家、早、下午、傍晚inspringinJanuaryin1998inChina2）on+星期、日期onSundayonJunethefirst3）at+节日、时间点、晚上、周末、中午atseveno’clockattheDoubleNinthFestival7、时间表达法1）直接表达法：整点：小时+o’clockteno’clock其他时间：小时+分钟fivefifteen5:15twelveforty-five12:45onethirty1:302)间接表达法：半点：halfpast+小时halfpastone1:30不过半点：分钟+past+小时aquarterpastfive5:15过半点：几点差几分分钟+to+小时aquartertoone12:458、let+宾格+动词原形。9、球类前面不加the,乐器前面要加thePlayfootballplaythepiano10、游泳课程须知swimmingclass游泳需要：aswimsuitaswimmingcapapairofswimminggoggles游泳前（before）：dowarm-upexercisescleanyourbody游泳后（after）:cleanyourbody游泳好处：Swimmingisfun.Itmakesyouhealthyandstrong.11、动物食性：Cat---fishdog---bonesparrot----corntortoise-----meat12、房间以及相应的功能bedroom---sleeplivingroom----watchTV(television)bathroom---washhairkitchen---cookdinner13、名词变形容词:noise—noisysun—sunnycloud—cloudywind—windyrain—rainypuzzle---puzzledmusic----musical动词变形容词:wake—awakesleep—asleep14、一日三餐：havebreakfasthavelunchhavedinner515、是做什么的时候了：It’stimeto+动词原形It’stimefor+名词16、首字母大写：人名，国家，语言，星期，月份，节日，学科，国籍，年级，班级17、乐器发音：Piano---dingtriangle---tingviolin----zingdrum----boom18、每周的第一天：Sundayisthefirstoftheweek.19、节日的相关信息：FestivalMonthWeatherActivityTraditionalfoodtheSpringFestivalinJanuaryorFebruarycoldandsnowybuynewclothes,watchthefireworksdumpling,fishtheDragonBoatFestivalInMayorJunehot,sunnyorrainywatchdragonboatracesricedumplingstheMid-autumnFestivalSeptemberorOctobercoolanddrylookatthebeautifulmoonmooncakestheDoubleNinthFestivalOctobercoolanddryclimbthemountains,visitoldpeopleDoubleNinthcakes中国传统节日前加the八、语音/a:/carparkyardMark/u:/blueschoolSuenoon/ɔ:/Laurafloordoor/ɜ:/skirtpursegirl/i:/beeteasee/ɪə/deertearherebeerfearhearearclear/eə/w