21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第四册)

21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第四册)21世纪大学实用英语Unit1TheWashwomanTextATheWashwomanStarterBackgroundInformationTextUnderstandingLanguagePointsExercisesWritingStarter:Look&Say•Takealookatthefollowingpicturesanddiscussonthetopicof“graysolution”.QuestionsandAnswers••Q1:HowareoldpeopletreatedinChina?•Q2:Whodoyouthinkshouldprovideforthem?Thegovernment,thechildrenorthemselves?Why?Shareyouropinionwiththeclass.keykeyWordsforreferenceEmptynester:Aparentwhosechildrenhavegrownandlefthome.Agedcare:Elderlycareorsimplyeldercareisthefulfillmentofthespecialneedsandrequirementsthatareuniquetoseniorcitizens,whichincludesmedicalcare,socialcare,nationalhealthservicesuchaswelfare,pensionandetc.SuggestedAnswersGenerallyspeaking,oldpeoplearerespectedandwelltakencareofinChina.However,Ihavetoadmitthatsomechildrentreattheirparentsbadlyanddon’tprovidethem.Thenumberofemptynestersisbeingincreasedrapidlywiththedevelopmentofeconomyandmoreandmorechildrenmovingawayfromtheirparents’homes.Weshouldcomebackhomemorefrequentlyandshowmoreconcernsandcarestoourparentsandgrandparents.Theformofeldercareprovidedvariesgreatlyamongcountriesandischangingrapidly.Evenwithinthesamecountry,forexampleinChina,regionaldifferencesexistwithrespecttothecarefortheelderly.Inmyopinion,oldpeopleshouldbeprovidedbothbytheirchildrenandbythegovernment,especiallyinruralareas,wheremostfarmershavenopensionstosupportthemselves.Thegovernmentshouldtakemoreeffectivemeasurestosecureoldpeople’ssocialwelfarefortheirhappylives.BackgroundInformation•IsaacBashevisSingerIsaacBashevisSinger(1904-1991)wasanAmericanshort–storywriterandnovelistwhowroteinYiddish.BorninPoland,hecametotheUSAin1935.HebecameajournalistattheNewYorkJewishDailyForward,whichalsopublishedhisfiction.Singerismostfamousforhisshortstories,whichdealmostwiththeheritage,faith,anddailylivesofPolishJews,particularlyintheWarsawGhetto.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1978.UnderstandingtheTextThisshortstoryisaboutawomanwhocontinuedtoworkhardinheroldagebecauseshedidn’twanttobecomeaburden.Shewashedforothers,evenwhenshewasalreadypast70.Butshewasproudandstrongfromherlifetimeofhardwork.ReadingAnalysisPart1(Para.1-3)AbriefintroductionofthewashwomanThewashwomanwassmall,oldandwrinkled,butshepossessedastrengththatcamethroughgenerationofpeasantforebears.Althoughlaunderingwasnoteasyinthosedays,shedidagoodjobofitandchargednomorethantheother.Insteadofbeggingatthechurchdoororenteringahomeforpennilessandaged,sheboreherburden.TopicDetailsReadingAnalysisPart2(Para.5-7)TheabsenceofthewashwomanOncethewashwomandidn’tbringbackthewashintime,andherabsencewasacatastropheforus.Motherannouncedthatwouldneverseeourthingsagain.Wemournedbothforthelaundryandfortheoldwomanwhohadgrownclosetousthroughtheyearsshehadservedussofaithfully.TopicDetailsReadingAnalysisPart3(Para.8-13)ThereturnofthewashwomanMorethantwomonthslater,thewashwomanreturnedwiththelaundry.Sheexplainedthatshehadbeenveryillbutthewashdidn’tletherdie.Shecamebackbecauseshewasdrivenbyastrongwilltoreturnthepropertytoitsowners,tofulfillthetaskshehadundertaken.TopicDetailsLanguagePoints1.wrinkleda.havingorshowingsmallfoldsorlinesintheskin有皱纹的e.g.avillagerwithawrinkledface一位满脸皱纹的老乡亲2.leanon/against–restinarecliningpositionforasupporte.g.Sheleanedonherhusband’sarm,lookingpale.她靠在丈夫的臂膀里，面色苍白。•Butthiswashwoman,smallandthinasshewas,possessedastrengththatcamefromgenerationsofpeasantforebears.•然而这个洗衣妇，虽然又瘦又小，却具有世代当庄稼汉的祖辈所传下来的一股力气。•本句中，在连词as引导的让步状语从句中出现倒装，句中表语smallandthin放置在as之前，相当于•though/althoughshewassmallandthin。应用：尽管长得又高大又强壮，他却害怕艰苦的工作。Bigandstrongasheis,heisafraidofhardwork.难句解析•3.Shewasarealfind.—Wewereluckytohavefoundsuchanunusuallygoodwashwoman.find–n.someoneorsth.goodorvaluablethatisfounde.g.ThisrareeditionofbookwasagreatfindImadeinanoldbookstore.这是我在一家就书店淘来的一本珍贵的孤本。4.OnlyGodknows…---It’simpossibletosaye.g.Godknowswheretheyhavegone!谁也不知道他们去哪儿了！TherainwillstopGodknowswhen.雨不知道什么时候才会停。活学活用•Theoldwomanhadnorunningwaterwhereshelivedbuthadtobringinthewaterfromapump.•老妇人住的地方没有自来水，得用水泵把水抽上来。•本句中where引导地点状语从句。•你去哪里，我也去哪里。•Iwillgowhereyougo.难句解析•Shecouldhavebeggedatthechurchdoororenteredahomeforthepennilessandaged.•她本可以在教堂门口行乞，或是进贫民、老人收容所。•本句中couldhavedone是虚拟语气，解释为“本可以”，表示与过去事实相反的假设，本来可以怎么做，但事实上并没有这样做。难句解析5.beblessedwith-beluckyenoughtohavee.g.1.I’vealwaysbeenblessedwithagoodappetite.我的胃口一向很好。2.Heisblessedwithagoodearforlanguages;hespeaksthethreefluently.他对语言很敏感，能流利地说三门语言。•Buttherewasinheracertainprideandloveoflabor（withwhichmanymembersofthelaborforcehavebeenblessed）.•然而在她身上，具有一份（许多劳动人民所特有的对）劳动的自豪与热爱。•本句中由于主语acertainprideandloveoflaborwithwhichmanymembersofthelaborforcehavebeenblessed中含有一个较长的定语从句，所以介词短语inher前置。难句解析6.agood/greatdealof:alargeamountof大量这件事花费了他大量的时间和精力。Ittookhimagreatdealoftimeandeffort.活学活用•Thesehandsspokeofthestubbornnessofmankind,ofthewilltoworknotonlyasone’sstrengthpermitsbutbeyondthelimitsofone’spower.•这双手诉说着人类的顽强，诉说着劳动的意志——不仅在体力允许的情况下，甚至在超出体力极限的情况下顽强坚持的那份劳动意志。•本句中短语动词speakof有两个宾语thestubbornnessofmankind和thewilltowork…。难句解析7.at(the)most-notmorethan,ifnotlesse.g.Therewasonlyroomforonemorepersonatmostintheb