重金属离子在钠基膨润土中的吸附特征与机理-杨秀敏

77Vol．7No．720137ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngineeringJul．2013150027、。Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+。Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+。Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+Cu2+＞Zn2+＞Cd2+。XＲDIＲ。X53A1673-9108201307-2775-06AdsorptioncharactersandmechanismsofheavymetalionsinNa-bentoniteYangXiuminZhongZinanPanYuChengXiaoxiaSchoolofＲesourceandEnvironmentEngineeringHeilongjiangInstituteofScienceandTechnologyHarbin150027ChinaAbstractBentoniteisakindofnaturalclaymineralthatpossessesmuchlargerspecificsurfaceareaandadsorptioncapacity．TheadsorptioncapacitiesofNa-bentoniteinabsorbingCu2+Zn2+andCd2+werestudied．TheexperimentalresultsshowedthattheabsorbabilityoftheNa-bentoniteincreasedwithincreasingconcentrationofmetalsionsandwerefoundtohaveselectivityintheorderofCu2+＞Zn2+＞Cd2+．Theabsorptionmecha-nismofwasanalyzedbyXＲDIＲetc．withtheresultsindicatedthation-exchangeadsorptionwerekeyforms．KeywordsNa-bentoniteheavymetaladsorptioncharacteradsorptionmechanisms125214782012－03－202012－05－111968～。[e-mail]。、、、。2∶11。、2-56、7。Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+。11.1SiO2、Al2O3Fe2O3、200Na+Ca2+Mg2+。CaMg———+Na2CO3———Na-+CaMgCO3pH10.2120cmol/kg。1.27CuCl2·2H2O、ZnCl2、CdCl2·2.5H2OCu2+、Zn2+Cd2+1000mg/L20～1000mg/L。、1.000g20mLCu2+、Zn2+Cd2+3。pH4.0。25℃24h24h。20mL4000r/min30minpH。Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+HitachiZ-600AAS。22.1Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+。1Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+1Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+。Cu2+＞Zn2+＞Cd2+。1Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+Fig.1Cu2+Zn2+andCd2+adsorptioncapacityofNa-bentonite2.2=C0－C1/C0×100%1C0mg/LC1mg/L。Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+2。2。Cu2+99.28%98.02%Zn2+、Cd2+95.89%96.04%56.01%47.99%。Cu2+Zn2+Cd2+。2Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+Fig.2Cu2+Zn2+andCd2+removalretesofNa-bentonite2.3Langmuir、FreundlichCu2+、Zn2+Cd2+LangmuirFreundlichLangmuirCQ=1K·B+CB2Qmg/gCmg/LBmg/gK。FreundlichQ=KFC1/n3lgQ=1/nlgC+lgKF4KFnFreundlich。3CC/QLangmuir。4lgClgQ1/nlgKFFreundlich。1Langmuir、Freundlich。Cu2+2FreundlichLangmuirZn2+Cd2+LangmuirFreundlich。Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+Freundlich。KfCu＞KfZn＞KfCd。FreundlichKF677278。Powell9n1/n0.1～0.51/n2。1Langmuir、FreundlichTable1AdsorptionequationofLangmuirandFreundlichofCu2+Zn2+andCd2+inclaymineralsLangmuirＲ2FreundlichKF1/nＲ2Cu2+y=0.0314x+0.39710.9813y=0.7978x+0.34830.34830.79780.9917Zn2+y=0.0890x+2.40590.9849y=0.4286x+0.00070.00070.42860.8628Cd2+y=0.1063x+4.05710.9691I=0.4283x－0.1208－0.12080.42830.92342.4Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+———1011EE=Csamle/Csolution×1005Csamlemg/kgCsolutionmg/kg。2Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+Table2EnrichmentcoefficientofNa-bentonitetoCu2+Zn2+andCd2+Cu2+Zn2+Cd2+0.9800.5590.4802ECu2+＞EZn2+＞ECd2+。3。Cu2+0.9Cu2+Zn2+、Cd2+Cu2+。——12。33.1SEM77727JSM-6460LV。5。。。。5SEMFig.5SEMmicrographsofNa-bentonite3.2XＲDＲigakuD/max-ＲBX。3°2θ80°2θ0.02°8°/minCuλ=2dsinθλ=1.5418。6pH=4Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+XＲD。XＲDCu2+、Zn2+Cd2+d0011.2763nm1.2475nm。3.3IＲABBMB104。4000～500cm－11～64cm±0.046XＲDFig.6XＲDpatternsofNa-bentonitecm－1±0.01cm－1。74000cm－1～500cm－13626cm－13448cm－1。Al—O—HH—O—H。1643cm－11427cm－1H—O—H。1041cm－1Si—O—Si795cm－1MgAl—OH13。MgAl—OH7Fig.7IＲpatternsofNa-bentonite87727。22∶13、、。14。15。1041cm－1Si—O—SiSi—OHSi—OH。—OH—OH2。16。。Sverjensky17。Cu2+Zn2+、Cd2+。。11。。。41Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+。3Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+Cu2+＞Zn2+＞Cd2+。2Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+。Cu2+Zn2+Cd2+。3Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+Freundlich。Freun-dlich。4Cu2+、Zn2+Cd2+。ECu2+＞EZn2+＞ECd2+。5XＲD。。1．．200120190-94YangLihogJiangGuilanJiGuiian．ModifiedbentoniteanditsapplieationsinorganicwastewaterTreatment．WorldGeology200120190-94inChinese2．．2010492093-2098WangLinXuYingmingSunYangetal．Immobilizationofcadmiumcontaminatedsoilsusingsepioliteanditscom-poundmaterials．ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngi-neering2010492093-2098inChinese3GuptaS．S．BhattacharyyaK．G．ＲemovalofCdⅡfromaqueoussolutionbykaolinitemontmorilloniteandtheirpolyoxozirconiumandtetrabutylammoniumderiva-tives．JournalofHazardousMaterials20061282-3247-2574MalferrariD．BrigattiM．F．LauroraA．etal．SorptionkineticsandchemicalformsofCdⅡsorbedbythiol-functionalized2∶1clayminerals．JournalofHazardousMa-terials20071431-273-815．Pb2+、Ni2+、Cd2+．20083879130-133PanJiafenLuJie．ExperimentalstudyonadsorptionofPb2+Ni2+andCd2+fromwastewaterbynaturalandmod-ifiedbentonite．Metalmine20083879130-133inChinese6．．200237-97．．200221198-103LiuChangliWangXiuyanZhangYu．Penetrationpre-ventingcapacityoflandfillsitelinerofsandysoilsandben-tonite．ActaGeoscientiaSinica200221198-103inChinese977278．．200615137-39ZhangWeiLinKuangfeiCaiLankunetal．Studyontheadsorptionofabamectininsoils．EcologyandEnvironment200615137-39inChinese9PowellT．BrionG．M．JagtoyenM．Investigatingtheeffectofcarbonshapeonvirusadsorption．Environ．Sci．Technol．201034202779-278410．．201034192-97XuXiuyunCaiYuman．Studyoncompetitiveabs-orptionpropertiesforheavymetalionsbymodifiedzeolite．Jour-nalofGeology201034192-97inChinese11．．2011422467-470HuKeweiJiaDongyanYanLietal．Effectofbenton-iteoncompetitiveadsorptionofheavymetalsions．JournalofSoilScience2011422467-470inChinese12．．200413．．199814．．200712709-712ShaoHongSunLingtie．CharacterizationofFe-Nimodi-fiedbentoniteandstudyonthetreatmentofwastewatercontainingCrⅥ．ChemicalWorld200712709-712inChinese15．．2007162103-105WangＲuigangZhangYanqiu．Mechanismsandapplica-tionofdisposalheavymetalpollutionusingclaymineral．ChinaMiningMagazine．2007162103-105inChi-nese16McbrideM．B．EnbironmentalChemistryofSoils．NewYorkOx-fordUniv