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Unit2Workingtheland1.Findthewordorphrasefromthetextforeachofthesemeaning.•_______brown(skin)fromspendingtoomuchtimeinthesun.•_______tomakesomethingorsomebodyfreeof•_______tobecomelargerinsize,numberoramount•_______tomakeinformationandideasknowntomanypeople•_____________wouldpreferto•_______totryextremelyhardtoachievesomethingsunburntrid…ofexpandcirculateWouldratherstruggle•_______tosendthingstoforeigncountriesforsale•___________pleasedbyhavingwhatonewantsorneeds•_______toprovidewiththingsnecessaryforacertainpurpose•_______plantsgrowninlargeamountsbyfarmers•_______becauseofexportSatisfiedwithequipcropThankstoAnswerkeyforEx2:1.information:statistics;world:globe2.Strong:super;races:nationalities3.Nothavingenoughfood:hunger;sickness:disease4.AsmallSoutheastAsiancountry:Vietnamjobs:occupations5.Openconditions:freedomsoldandsentabroad:exportedKeystoEx3.Decade,struggle,expanding,Equipped,output,grain,crops,battles,disturbingUsefulstructure(30m)The–ingformastheSubject&Object1.作主语动名词作主语时,句子有两种形式:①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。1)捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的.Playingtricksonothersissomethingweshouldneverdo.2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。Learningnewwordsisveryimportantforme.3)说比做容易。Talkingiseasierthandoing.②用形式主语it,把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制,作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词,如useful,useless,good,fun;nouse,worth等。如:和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。ItisuselesstryingtoarguewithShylock.这事值得去做。It’sworthmakingtheeffort.想再解释一次有好处吗?Isitanygoodtryingtoexplain?跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。Itispleasantworkingwithyou.③在therebe结构中作主语,这种结构的意思相当于“Itisimpossibletodo…”。例如:若要人不知,除非己莫为。Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit.这种事开不得玩笑。Hereisnojokingaboutsuchmatter.无法知道他什么时候离开Therewasnoknowingwhenhewouldleave.动名词与不定式做主语时的比较:动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如:还是个孩子的时侯,她就觉得探视病人是一种责任,也是一种愉悦。Asachild,shefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasadutyandapleasure.到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。BeingaguestinanAmericanhomewillbeagoodexperienceforme.•一直不做就是作恶。Doingnothingisdoingill.•他说:“继续这样下去是无用的。”Hesaid,“Togoonlikethisisnouse.”•我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。It’sanhonorformetobeinvitedtotheparty.归纳:常用-ing形式作主语的句型有:•It+be+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪费时间的•Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做……是没用处的•Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做……不值得•Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做……是值得的•Thereisnodoing无法……;不允许……Thereisnosenseindoing做……没有道理Thereis/wasnousedoing干……无意义Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing没有比……更糟的Thereis/wasnopointdoing干……无意义我们不知道要去哪儿。Therewasnoknowingwherewewouldgo.做这件傻事毫无意义。Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.注意:Thereisnoneedtodosth干……没必要,在此句式中todo不可换为doing..没有必要告诉她。Thereisnoneedtotellher.提示:当动名词用作主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。我姐姐病了,使我很担心。Mysister'sbeingillmadeweworried.你正确未必就意味着我错了。Yourbeingrightdoesn'tnecessarilymeanmybeingwrong.2、用作宾语动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语;二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。①只能后接动名词作宾语的动词,常见的有avoid,consider,enjoy,keep,finish,suggest,dislike,delay,escape,cannothelp,imagine,mind,miss,practise,cannotstand等。如:我不能不去。Ican’tavoidgoing.你是否考虑过找一位挚友?Haveyouconsideredlookingforonespecialfriend?我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。Wemusttrytoavoidrepeatingthesamemistake.晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?Doyoufeellikehavingawalkwithmeaftersupper?人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。Peoplecouldn’thelplaughingfoolishman.这类动词还有:excuse,fancy,giveup,putoff,risk等。②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见的有:begin,start,continue,like,love,prefer,by,mean,forget,remember,hate等。A.在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之后,用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B.在begin/start,continue之后,用动名词和不定式,意义无甚区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。C.在动词forget,remember,regret之后,用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作,如:我记得我已把信寄了。Irememberpostingtheletter.我会记着去寄信的。I’llremembertoposttheletter.我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter.不要忘了给你母亲写信。Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother.我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。Iregretmissingthereport.我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice.D.在try,mean之后,意义各不相同,如trytodo(设法),trydoing(试试),meantodo(打算,有意要做),meandoing(意思是,意味着)。如:我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime.我们用别的方法做这工作试试。Let’strydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway.我并不想叫你生气。Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry.你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours.E.goondoing和goontodoGoondoing继续做一直在做的事;goontodo接着做另一件事。如:请接着做这同一个练习。Pleasegoondoingthesameexercise.请做另外一个练习。Pleasegoontodotheotherexercise.F.stopdoing与stoptodo:Stopdoing停止做,stoptodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如:我们停止了交谈。Westoppedtalking.我们停了下来去谈话。Westoppedtotalk.3.作介词宾语动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。A.介词+动名词,如:我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。We’vegottothinkofwaysofchangingpeople’shabits.我向你道歉,刚才对你那样生气。Iapologizeforbeingsoangrywithyou.离开几年之后再回到你生长的地方,感觉有点怪。Afterbeingawayforseveralyears,itisastrangeexperiencetoreturntotheplaceyouwerebornandbroughtup.B.动词+介词+动名词,如:我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。Iinsistontakingproperfoodforthisexpedition.同学们脸上没有笑容,相反都做了怪脸。Insteadofsmiling,eachofthemmadeaface.她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。Shewasveryinterestedinworkingforourcompany.下列短语中的to都是介词,所以后面跟名词或-ing形式:devoteto,objectto,payattentionto,getdownto,leadto,lookforwardto,stickto,beusedto等1.____suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.ThatD.Suffered精析:根据句意“itmaynowbetoolateto…”和“already”可知“河流已经被严重污染”,应用完成时。答案A。典型例题2.____thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven解析:本题考查过去分词作状语的用法。分析题干,前一部分相当
本文标题:最新人教版高中英语必修四:-Unit2-Working-the-land-Learning-abou
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