Learning-about-language

Unit5ThepowerofnatureLearningaboutlanguage高二人教新课标版选修六Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1Replacetheunderlinedpartswithawordorphraseofsimilarmeaningfromthetext.Rewritethesentenceifnecessary.1.Wereceivedthewrittensetofquestionsfromthecompanyastheywereeagertofindoutouropinionontheirproducts.thequestionnaire2.Thecardrewupnexttothesideofourcarandthedriverwavedtous.3.Thescientistswerestudyingcarefullytoseehowsuccessfultheexperimentis.alongsideThescientistswereevaluatingtheexperiment4.Imovedcarefullyoverthefallenrocksandreturnedtothecar.5.Ithinktheboyislikelytoachievesuccessinpainting,butheneedstraining.6.Theteacherwasgiventhejobbecausehewasthebestcandidate.mademywayhaspotentialappointed7.Itiscertainthatthefactorywillgreatlyraisetheirefficiencyiftheyhavemodernmachinesandtools.8.Charleslookedatthedrawingthatshowshowthemachineworksandknewimmediatelywhatwaswrongwithit.equipmentdiagram2Completetheparagraphwiththewordsintheboxinthecorrectforms.burntothegroundabsolutevolcanoeruptionwavefountainashlavaeruptTheeruptionofMountVesuviusin79ADtookthepeopleofPompeiibysurprise.Theyhadalwaysknownthatthemountainwasa_______butithadbeenquietforsolongthatnobodysawitasathreat.Whenthevolcanofinallydid_____,volcanoeruptitwassoquickandsoseverethatthetownwassooncoveredin____and____.AwritercalledPliny,whowasthereduringthe________,describedhowlavawasthrownintotheairlikea________.Afteritfelltoearth,itturnedinto_____oflavawhichtravelleddownashlavaeruptionfountainwavesthemountainfasterthanpeoplecouldrunaway.Itwasan_______disasterforthosewhocouldnotescapeintime.ManyofthewoodenhousesandbungalowsinPompeiiwere____________________,butthestonehousesremainedundertheashuntiltheywererediscoveredduringthe20thcentury.absoluteburnedtothegroundRevisingthe–ingform本课时重、难点重点:①动词-ing形式的作用②动词-ing形式在做状语时的作用难点:动词-ing形式的一般式与完成式的区别说出下列动词的现在分词形式：work______sleep_____study_____take______make_____dance_____cut______put_______begin______lie_______tie______die_______观察下列例句,思考划线部分作用。(1)Thisisaninterestingbook.()(2)Themansittingbythewindowisourmathsteacher.()(3)Seeingtheteacherenteringtheroom,thestudentsstoodup.()(4)Isawtheboywalkingonthestreeyesterday.()(5)Playingfootballishisfavotiresport.()(6)Ididn’tstopworkinglastnight.()(7)MyworkisteachingEnglish.()定语定语状语宾补主语宾语表语归纳总结：◆动词-ing是________________中的一种，单独使用时,能在句中做除_________之外的任何其他句子成分。如:主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。◆在语态上，动词-ing表示________(主动/被动的动作)。在时间上,动词-ing一般表示_________(正在进行/已经完成)的动作。动词非谓语形式谓语主动正在进行Lookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididn’ttakemuchnotice.The–ingformusedasanadverbial:用法例句时间Walkingalongthestreet,ImetMary.(=WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet….)在街上走的时候,我遇到了玛丽。一、动词-ing形式作状语用法例句原因Beingtired,Istoppedtotakearest.(=BecauseIwastired,…)因为疲倦,我停下来休息。条件Turningtotheleft,youwillfindtheschool.(=Ifyouturntotheleft,…)向左走,你就会找到那个学校。用法例句让步KnowingwhereIlive,henevercometoseeme.(=ThoughheknowswhereIlive,…)尽管他知道我的住处,但从不来看我。用法例句伴随Istoodthere,waitingforher.(=…,andwaitedforher.)我站在那儿等她。结果Itrainedheavily,causingseverefloodinginthearea.(=Itrainedheavilysothatitcausedseverefloodinginthearea.)在这个地方雨下的如此大,以至引发了洪灾。二、动词–ing形式的完成式句型主动Having+p.p.…,主语+谓语被动(Havingbeen)+p.p.…,主语+谓语用法1)–ing形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动词之前2)表示被动可直接用过去分词例句Havingfinishedmywork,Iwenthome.(=AfterIhadfinishedmywork,…)工作做完之后,我就回家了。例句：(Havingbeen)writteninhaste,thebookhassomefaults.这本书因仓促写成,所以有些缺憾。观察下列2个句子,体会havingdone与doing的不同用法:1)Havingwrittentheletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice.2)Seeingthebeautifulsight,thechildrenfeltexcited.总结:V-ingdoinghavingdone表动作有先有后表动作同时发生一般式完成式Exercise1:1)____thechildtobed,shebegantocorrectthestudents’homework.A.SendingB.BeingsentC.SentD.Havingsent2)Becarefulwhen/while________(cross)thestreet.3)________________(听到这个消息),wegotexcited.crossingHearingthenewsD举一反三:①②V-ingdoinghavingdone一般式完成式beingdonehavingbeendone主动被动Exercise2:1)她被蛇咬了三次后,她看见蛇后就害怕。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________2)正在进行的那个会议非常重要。____________________________________________________________________Havingbeenbittenbythesnakeforthreetimes,shefeelsfrightenedThemeetingbeingheldnowisofgreatimportance.whenseeingthesnake.1)______________himtheanswerseveraltimeS,Idid’tknowwhetherhecouldunderstand.2)_________________theanswerseveraltimes,hestillcouldn’tsovlethequestion.HavingtoldHavingbeentoldExercise3:用havingbeentold/havingtold填空：主动被动归纳主句主语为动作的发出者。主句主语为动作的承受者。1.分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致,必须用独立主格结构来表示,也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。三、使用-ing形式需注意的几个问题Comparingallthegreatpeoplewitheachother,you’llfindthattheyhavemuchincommon.Findinghercarstolen,shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp.Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday.分析:前两例中,-ing形式的逻辑主语均为主句的主语。最后一例中havinggone的逻辑主语是thetrain。MywifehadalongtalkwithSally,explainingwhyshedidn’twantthechildrentoplaytogether.我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间,解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。分析:现在分词explaining是句子主语mywife做的动作,它们之间是主动关系,即explaining的逻辑主语,就是句子的主语mywife。一般来说,-ing形式表示主动、进行;过去分词表示被动、完成。试比较:Theenemyfledinapanic,leavingbehindalotofdeadbodiesandweapons.Defeatedandfrightened,theenemyfledi