cultural-diversity-跨文化交际

CulturalDiversityGoodmorning~~~RightattitudeinthisglobalvillageAppreciatesimilarities,AcceptdifferencesWearealike,WearedifferentWarm-up:Readthefollowingsayingsaloud,andthinkitover:whatdotheymeantoyou?Humanbeingsdrawclosetooneanotherbytheircommonnature,buthabitsandcustomskeepthemapart.----Confuciansaying性相近，习相远--论语•Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison.----Englishproverb萝卜白菜，各有所爱！众口难调！--中国谚语•Godgavetoeverypeopleacup,cupofclay,andfromthiscuptheydranklife…Theyalldippedinthewater,buttheircupsweredifferent.----R.Benedict上帝给了每个人一个杯子、一杯粘土，并且人们从这个杯子里面啜饮人生...他们都是浸在水里面的，只是他们的杯子不一样而已----本尼迪克特Whyisoneculturedifferentfromanother?OnthesurfacePerception(howwesensetheworld)Belief(whatwebelieveastrue)Value(asystemofcriteriaknownasrulesandguideposts)Whyisoneculturedifferentfromanother?MoredeeplyWorldview(religion)-Spiritualandpsychologicalneedsofpeople(lifeanddeath,creationofuniverse,relationshipbetweenhumansandnature)-Socialaspectsofaculture(originofsocietyandgroupswithinthesociety,relationshipofindividualsandgroupstooneanother)Family(genderroles,individualism-collectivism,age,socialskills)History(government,community,politicalsystem,keyhistoricalheroes,geography)Whatdoesculturaldiversitymean?Culturalpatterns-conditionsthatcontributetothewayinwhichapeopleperceiveandthinkabouttheworld-themannerinwhichtheyliveinthatworldSomecautions1.Thevalueoftheculturemaynotbethevalueofallindividualswithinthatculture.2.Itisusefultovisualizeeachculturalpatternasapointonacontinuumratherthanoneofonlytwopossibleresponses.3.Thepatternsareinterrelatedwithahostofothervaluesanddonotoperateinisolation.4.Commonculturalpatternsmustbelimitedtothedominantcultureineachcountry.Significanceofstudyingculturaldiversities•Whenwestudyculturaldifferences,wemainlyrefertothedeepstructureofculture(belowtheiceberg)•Althoughcultureissubjecttochange,thedeepstructureofacultureisresistanttochange.•Thecomparisonandcontrastofdifferentcultureshelpunderstandone’sowncultureandothercultures,whichwillultimatelyenhancetheeffectofinterculturalcommunication.orientationChinesevaluesWesternvalues1)HumanNatureBasicallygoodMixtureofGoodandEvil2)RelationshipofMantoNatureHarmonywithnatureHumanscontrolNature3)SenseofTimePastorientationFutureorientation4)HumanActivityBEING(whoyouare)Doing(whatyouaredoing)5)SocialRelationshipHierarchyindividualCasestudy:Atthenegotiatingtable,differencesinthisdimensioncanclearlycauseseriousconflict.AmericanstoooftenexpecttheirJapanesecounterpartstomakedecisionsrightatthenegotiatingtable,andtheJapaneseareconstantlysurprisedtofindindividualmembersoftheAmericanteampromotingtheirownpositions,decisions,andideas,sometimesopenlycontradictingoneanother.America—individualismJapan—collectivism例子：一个德国人，一个美国人，一个日本人到同一家餐厅，都点了一个汉堡，结果由于厨师的疏忽把三个汉堡中的肉都烤糊了，问，三个人会对此说什么？德国人会直接批判这个糊了的肉，批评这个厨师美国人会说，虽然肉的口味不太好，但是面包，沙拉，香葱的味道还不错日本人会说，面包，沙拉，香葱的味道不错。是啊，至于肉，你自己揣测去吧。风景迥异的建筑艺术克里姆林宫（俄）凯旋门（法国）比萨斜塔（意）艾菲尔铁塔（法国）白金汉宫（英）风景迥异的建筑艺术故宫（中）泰姬陵（印度）雅典—巴特农神庙白宫（美）从奥运会体育运动项目看文化TraditionalFestivalChristmasEasterThanksgivingdayHalloweenThanks~~~