交通工程毕业论文

哈尔滨工业大学本科生毕业论文（设计）-I-VII环境下的两难区控制系统设计摘要两难区是驾驶员在信号控制交叉口处既通不过也停不下的区域。两难区的研究是我国将来实现主动安全及智能车路系统的基础理论。黄灯时间的正确设置能从理论上消除两难区，但由于驾驶员的行为差异，这一危险区域的产生并不能完全避免。对于在黄灯即将开始时接近停车线的驾驶员来说，他必须设法获得标准的反应时间和减速度，正确地选择停还是行，稍有不慎就可能陷入两难区域。文中举例分析了当驾驶员离停车线的距离大于其停车所需最小距离时，他处于可选择区域，反之，则处于两难区域。两难区域的存在主要是造成了有些驾驶员无意闯红灯，给出了两难区域长度的计算公式。智能车路系统是通过交通信息资源在车载装置和交通基础设施之间的合理分配和平衡、车辆和道路设施的智能协同和配合来提高交通的安全性和工作效率的。本文从分析国内外智能交通的发展、对交通安全问题的关注和车载设备的增多等角度出发，认为智能车路系统是作为解决主动交通安全问题的一个有效途径，以解决交叉口“两难区”交通安全为出发点，建立了解决实际信号交叉口两难区域交通安全的控制系统框架，对于实现两难区的控制提供了总体思路。关键词交叉口两难区；感应控制；智能车路系统哈尔滨工业大学本科生毕业论文（设计）-II-THECONTROLSYSTEMDESIGNINGOFTHEDILEMMAZONEUNDERTHEVII’SENVIRONMENTAbstractDilemmazoneistheareawheredriverscaneitherstopbehindthestoplineorproceedthroughtheintersectionasthetrafficsignaltransferstoamberphaseatasignalizedintersection.ResearchonamberdilemmaisthetheoreticbasicissueoftherealizationofActiveSafetySystemandIntelligentVehicleInfrastructureSysteminChina.Correcttimingofambercaneliminatethedilemmazonetheoretically.Howevertakingthedifferencesofthedrivingbehaviorsintoaccount,thehighlyhazardoussituationscannotbefullyavoidedactually.Withthisunderstanding,anarrativedescriptionandmathematicalderivationhowtocalculateyellowtimeareproposed.Foradriverapproachingintersectionatforthcomingyellowsignal,hemusttrytoachievethestandardreactiontimeanddecelerationrate,anddecidestostoporcontinue.Thedilemmaoccursoncehecannotmakeanappropriatechoice.Theillustrationofoptionalzoneanddilemmazoneisgiven:whenadriver’sdistancefromstoplineislongerthantheminimumdistancethatisrequiredforadrivertostop,heisatoptionalzone.Onthecontrary,heisatdilemmazone.Basedontheanalysis,theexistenceofdilemmazoneisregardedasanimportantfactor,whichcausesinadvertentredlightviolationfordrivers.Thecomputingformulaaboutrelevantinadvertentredlightviolationtimeandthelengthofdilemmazonearealsogained.Byreasonablydistributingandbalancingtrafficinformationbetweenvehicleandinfrastructure,theintelligentvehicle-infrastructuresystem(IVIS)canmakethevehicleandinfrastructuremorecooperatingandenhancethetrafficsafetyandefficiency.Inthispaper,theITSresearcheshomeandabroadwereanalyzed.At哈尔滨工业大学本科生毕业论文（设计）-III-thesametime，attentionwaspaidtotrafficsafetyandincreaseofvehicleinstrumentsquality.Therefore,IVISisregardedasaneffectivemethodtosolveactivetraffic.safetyproblem.Theintersection“dilemmazone”wasselectedasanexampleforIVIStosolveproblemofactivetrafficsafetyinpractice.KeywordsIntersectionDilemmaZone,ActuatedControl,IntelligentVehicle-infrastructureSystem(IVIS)哈尔滨工业大学本科生毕业论文（设计）-IV-目录摘要·····························································································IAbstract·······················································································II第1章绪论·················································································11.1研究背景··········································································11.2研究的目的及意义······························································21.3国内外的主要研究现状························································21.3.1美国VII系统····························································21.3.2欧洲CVIS系统·························································31.3.3日本UTMS21系统·····················································41.3.4国内智能车路系统······················································41.4主要研究内容····································································5第2章“两难区”问题分析·····························································62.1“两难区”的产生与分析·····················································62.2可选择区域和两难区域的举例分析·········································82.3“两难区”的解决方法·······················································102.4本章小结·········································································11第3章“两难区”控制系统的算法·····················································123.1黄灯时间和“两难区”·······················································123.1.1黄灯时间周期间隔·····················································123.1.2“两难区”的确定·····················································133.2算法的建立······································································153.3本章小结·········································································18第4章“两难区”控制系统的实现······················································194.1智能车路系统简介·····························································194.2控制系统的物理设备··························································214.2.1驾驶员信息卡···························································224.2.2车载设备·································································234.2.3路旁信息监测设备·····················································244.2.4数据处理·································································264.2.5无线通信设备···························································29哈尔滨工业大学本科生毕业论文（设计）-V-4.3系统的建立······································································314.4本章小结·········································································33结论··················································································