新人教版必修五-Unit-1-Great-Scientists-Reading-and-Writin

NicolausCopernicusborn:inPolandin1473died:May24,1543Hewasoneofthefirstscientiststousemathematicalobservationstocollectinformation.Hebelievedthesunisthecenteroftheuniverseandtheearthandotherplanetswentaroundit.NinePlanetsIntheSolarSystemShowingCopernicus’theoryAdiagramshowingthesolarsystemwiththeearthatitscentreAdiagramshowingthesolarsystemwiththesunatitscentreBeforeCopernicus’theoryReadthetextcarefully,thenanswerthesequestions(1)WhatdidCopernicusbelievedisthecentreofthesolarsystem(2)WhatdidtheChristianChurchbelievewasthecentreoftheearth?Thesun.Theearth.Whichoneisright?(3)WhendidCopernicuscompletehistheory?(Para3)Between1510and1514heworkedonit,graduallyimprovinghistheoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete.•(4)Afterhowmanyyearsdidhepublishhisnewtheory?•(5)whydidhepublishitsolate?After29yearshepublisheditashelaydying.HistheorywasagainstGod’sidea,andthepowerfulChristianChurchwouldhavepunishedhimifheputforwardsuchanidea.◆Asascientist,oneshouldbebrave.ButCopernicuswasafraidofbeingattackedbytheChristianChurch.Sohehadhiddenhistheoryforsomanyyears.Whatdoyouthinkofthis?Agree:1.Hewascautious.ifhehadpublishedhisideas,hewouldhavebeenkilledjustasBrunowhowasburnedtodeathbecausehistheorywasagainsttheChristianChurch.2.Everytimewhenanewideaappears,therearealwaysrejections.It’snormal.Scientistsshouldhavepatiencetospreadtheirtruth.3.Itmadenosenseforhimtopublishhistheoryinahurry.Hewasjustcautiousnotcoward.Heshouldprotecthimselffirst.Disagree:1.Copernicuswasverycoward.Heshouldspeakouthisdiscoveryandlettheworldknowthetruthearlier.2.Sciencecanneveradvanceunlesspeoplehavethecourageoftheirbeliefs.3.Asascientist,youmusthavethecouragetopublishyourfindings.Nomatterhowpeopleopposethem,timewillshowifyourideasarerightorwrong.•WriteashortletteraskingCopernicustopublishhisideassoeveryonecanreadthem.Onepossibleversion:DearNicolausCopernicus,IamastudentstudyingastronomyandIwouldverymuchliketoreadyournewtheoryaboutthesolarsystem.Ihopeyouwillpublishitforseveralreasons.Iunderstandtheproblemswiththepresenttheory.Thewaytheplanetsmoveisnotwhatyouwouldexpectiftheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.Itisalsooddthatthebrightnessofsomestarsseemstochange.SoIagreewithyouthatweneedanewtheory.Yourssincerely,LinQiIknowyourobservationshavebeenverycarefullycarriedoutovermanyyears.Nowyoumusthavethecouragetopublishthem.Sciencecanneveradvanceunlesspeoplehavethecourageoftheirbeliefs.Iknowyouworryaboutwhatwillhappenifyoupublishyournewtheory.Nomatterhowpeopleopposeit,timewillshowifyourideasarerightorwrong.SoIhopeyouwillfeelyoucanpublishyournewtheory.Onepossibleversion:DearNicolausCopernicus,IamastudentstudyingastronomyandIwouldverymuchliketoreadyournewtheoryaboutthesolarsystem.Ihopeyouwillpublishitforseveralreasons.Iunderstandtheproblemswiththepresenttheory.Thewaytheplanetsmoveisnotwhatyouwouldexpectiftheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.Itisalsooddthatthebrightnessofsomestarsseemstochange.SoIagreewithyouthatweneedanewtheory.Beginning:TellCopernicuswhoyouareandwhyyouwanthimtopublishhisideasParagraph1:Reason1andevidenceYourssincerely,LinQiIknowyourobservationshavebeenverycarefullycarriedoutovermanyyears.Nowyoumusthavethecouragetopublishthem.Sciencecanneveradvanceunlesspeoplehavethecourageoftheirbeliefs.Iknowyouworryaboutwhatwillhappenifyoupublishyournewtheory.Nomatterhowpeopleopposeit,timewillshowifyourideasarerightorwrong.SoIhopeyouwillfeelyoucanpublishyournewtheory.Paragraph2:Reason1andevidenceSummingup:Askhimtothinkagainaboutpublishinghisideas1.Finishyourletterafterclass.2.Revisethewordsandlanguagepointsinthisunit.3.Finish“Summingup”.1)表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况，但不象should或oughtto那样含有责备之意。如：◆YethecouldnottellanyoneabouthistheoryasthepowerfulChristianChurchwouldhavepunishedhimforevensuggestingsuchanidea.Aftertheexam,hethoughthe________harderandshouldnothavespendalotoftimeplayingcomputergames.needn’thave+过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于，译为“其实没必要……”shouldhave+过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该……”shouldnothave+过去分词，表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该……”2)相关知识总结：AshouldworkBshouldhaveworkedCcouldworkDcouldhaveworkedleadto导致，通向1.AllroadsleadtoRome.2.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_______.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught条条大道通罗马C◆◆Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsinthesky.=Themovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesenseonlyifyouputthesunthere.eg.1）Onlyifyouridentityhasbeenchecked,_____.A.youareallowedinB.youwillbeallowedinC.willyouallowinD.willyoubeallowedinD“Only+副词/介词短语/状语从句”位于句首,主句要部分倒装，即把助动词、be动词和情态动词提前放在主句主语的前面。2）OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofknowledge.3）Onlyinthiswaycanweworkoutthemathsproblem.makesense•她感到害怕.→直到那时她感到害怕。•Shewasfrightened.Be动词•Onlythen_________________.(frighten)•Be动词提前放在主语的前面。•你能用这种方法提高你的英语。→只有通过这种方式你才能提高你的英语。•Youcanimproveyourinthisway.情态动词•Onlyinthisway_______________yourEnglish.→情态动词提前放在主语的前面。•他已经理解父母了。直到他要做爸爸之前他理解父母了•Hehadunderstoodhisparents.助动词•Onlybeforehebecameafather_________________hisparents.助动词提前放在主语的前面。wasshefrightenedcanyouimprovehadheunderstood◆makesense有意义，有道理，说得通1）Whatyousaymakesnosense.2)Itwouldmakese