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形容词后缀不可乱加.txt33学会宽容,意味着成长,秀木出木可吸纳更多的日月风华,舒展茁壮而更具成熟的力量。耐力,是一种不显山石露水的执着;是一种不惧风不畏雨的坚忍;是一种不图名不图利的忠诚。形容词后缀不可乱加下面这则广告中的形容词“irresistable”里的后缀(suffix)不对,应该把“-able”改为“-ible”:“Weoffer:competitivemonthlysalary,weeklyincentives,attractivetransportallowance,incentivetripsandirresistableperformancebonus.”到底是“-able”,还是“-ible”?这两者有何不同?现在先从形容词的其他后缀谈起。形容词后缀分两大类。一类是加到名词上的;另一类是加到动词上的。㈠加到名词上的主要有:①-y,如:bloody,dirty,healthy,juicy,muddy;②-ly,如:costly,friendly,lovely,orderly,timely;③-ful,如:careful,faithful,helpful,peaceful,useful;④-less,如:careless,harmless,noiseless,senseless,useless;⑤-ous/-ious,如:dangerous;courageous,envious,mysterious;⑥-al/-tal/-ial/-tial,如:accidental,horizontal,colonial,influential;⑦-ic/-etic/-atic,如:artistic,sympathetic,systematic;⑧-ish,如:childish,foolish,selfish;⑨-like,如:life-like,business-like,war-like;⑩-ed/-en,如:skilled,horned,golden,wooden。㈡加到动词上的有:①-ent/-ant,如:dependent,different,observant,pleasant;②-able/-ible,如:agreeable,comfortable,defensible,sensible;③-ive/-tive/-ative/-itive,如:active,attentive,imaginative,sensitive;④-ed/-en,如:advanced,noted,stolen,swollen;⑤-ing,如:annoying,disgusting,entertaining。-able/ible出现在第二类后缀中,“-able”后缀的形容词属英语体系的字;“-ible”后缀的形容词则来自拉丁体系。前者数量大,后者数量少,主要的是下面这些,可以特别留意:accessible,apprehensible,audible,compatible,contemptible,convertible,corrigible,destructible,digestible,divisible,defensible,edible,eligible,exhaustible,fallible,feasible,flexible,forcible,horrible,illegible,intelligible,negligible,perceptible,possible,responsible,resistible,sensible,suspectible,tangible,terrible,visible。现在顺便把名词、动词和副词主要后缀提出,作为参考:⑴名词后缀-ment,-t,-ture,-ion/-ition,-al,-ance,-ent,-er,-ant等。这些名词后缀都要加到适当的动词上,如:arrangement,restraint,fixture,celebration,extension,competition,renewal,assistance,resident,exporter,attendant。-ness,-y/-ty/-ity,-th,-ce/-cy等,可以加到适当的形容词上如:darkness,kindness,honesty,loyalty,simplicity,truth,warmth,importance,absence,ungency,efficiency.⑵动词后缀:加到名词上的有-en,-ise/-ize,-fy,-ate,如:frighten,apologise,beautify,motivate。加到形容词上的有-ise/-ize,-en,如:modernise,realise,brighten,weaken。⑶副词后缀:-ly,可以加到形容词和某些名词上,如:beautifully,clearly,leisurely,weekly。每个后缀都有一定的意思,但不能脱离词根独立生存,这点要特别注意,以免犯错。
本文标题:形容词后缀不可乱加
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