专四语法考点-非谓语动词

专四语法考点：非谓语动词考点1：不定式专四题中对于不定式用法的考察比较少，特别是近些年的考题几乎已经不考了。以前的考点基本集中在：(1)考察哪些动词接不定式；(2)考察哪些短语接不带to的不定式；1)can’thelp/choosebutdo不得不,只能,不禁2)whynotdosth1.________himtomorrow?2001A.WhynottocallonB.Whydon’tcallonC.WhynotcallingonD.Whynotcallon3)woulddoratherthando1.Shesaidshewouldworkitoutherself,________A.andnottoB.butnotC.andprefernotD.ratherthan(3)考察短语bebelieved/saidtodosth的用法；1.TheMinisterofFinanceisbelieved________ofimposingnewtaxestoraiseextraA.thatheisthinking2.AIDSissaid________thenumber-onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepastfewyearsintheregion.2002A.beingB.tobeC.tohavebeenD.havingbeen3.ProfessorJohnsonissaid________somesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyear.1999A.havingmadeB.makingC.tohavemadeD.tomake(4)考察动词不定时的时态和语态：进行式tobedoing,完成式tohavedone;一般式被动语态tobedone;完成式被动语态tohavebeendone。另外，不定式短语有将来时的意思；考点2：动名词（1）常接动名词做宾语的词：mind(介意),miss(逃过),mention(提及),prevent,postpone,practice,risk(冒险),resist(抵制),consider(考虑),admit(承认),avoid(避免),appreciate(感激),fancy(幻想),finish(完成)，feellike(喜欢),escape(逃脱),ensure(确保),delay(延迟),deny(否认),resent,detest,imagine(想象),suggest(建议)1.Ininternationalmatches,prestigeissoimportantthattheonlythingthatmattersistoavoid________.1996A.frombeingbeatenB.beingbeatenC.beatingD.tobebeaten2.Heresented________towait.Heexpectedtheminister_tosee_____himatonce.1995A.tobeasked,toseeB.beingasked,toseeC.tobeasked,seeingD.beingasked,seeing3.Ineverregretted________A.nottoacceptC.havingnotacceptedD.notaccepting（2）介词后的ing：prevent/stop/keepsb/sthfromdoing阻止…做…；spend/wastetime/moneyindoing在做…方面花钱、浪费时间或金钱；how/whataboutdoingsth做…怎么样了？；Havesomedifficulty/troubleindoing在…方面有些困难；Thereisnosenseindoing(做…是没有理由的)；Thank/admire/praise/blame/scold/punishsbfordoingsth因做某事而感谢、羡慕、表扬、责备、惩罚某人1.Whataniceday!Howaboutthethreeofus________awalkintheparknearby?2009A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaking2.Thoughherfatherneverapprovedof________todramaschool,shebecameawell-knownactress.1991A.goingB.hertogoC.hergoingD.hergo（3）接动名词做介词to的宾语：applyoneselfto致力于；beaccustomedto习惯于；confessto供认；cometo谈到；devoteoneselfto献身于；getdownto着手做；givewayto对…让步；leadto导致；lookforwardto期待；nextto几乎；objectto反对；payattentionto注意；stickto坚持；standupto勇敢面对；turnto求助于；beusedto习惯于1.What’sthechanceof_________ageneralelectionthisyear?2005A.therebeingB.theretobeC.therebeD.theregoingtobe2.Themeetingwasputoffbecausewe________ameetingwithoutJohn.2005A.objectedhavingB.wereobjectedtohavingC.objectedtohaveD.objectedtohaving考点3：分词（1）从语态上看，现在分词一般都表示主动，而过去分词一般表示被动；（2）从时态上看，现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示过去。如果分词动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，分词用完成时。（3）现在分词的否定形式是not放在分词之前。1.________shouldnotbecomeaseriousdisadvantageinlifeandwork.2010/2001A.TobenottallB.NotbeingtallC.BeingnottallD.Nottobetall2.Themanpreparingthedocumentsisthefirm'slawyerhasallthefollowingpossiblemeaningsEXCEPT.2009A.themanwhohaspreparedthedocuments...B.themanwhohasbeenpreparingthedocuments...C.themanwhoispreparingthedocuments...D.themanwhowillpreparethedocuments...记住动名词不表示将来时态，所以will等词一道的是不正确的3.________atinthisway,thesituationdoesnotseemsodesperate.2007/2000A.LookingB.lookedC.BeinglookedD.tolook4.Ifnot________withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsveryill-temperedA.beingtreatedD.havingbeentreated5.________,hecannowonlywatchitonTVathome.1998A.ObtainingnotaticketforthematchB.NotobtainingaticketforthematchC.NothavingobtainedaticketforthematchD.Notobtainedaticketforthematch6.Thismayhavepreservedtheelephantfrombeingwipedoutaswellasotheranimals________inAfrica.1996A.huntedB.huntingC.thathuntedD.arehunted7.Hewasn’taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,________insufficientlypoplarwithallmembers.1996A.havingconsideredB.wasconsideredC.wasbeingconsideredD.beingconsidered8.Henoticedthehelicopterhoveringoverthefield.Thentohisastonishment,hesawaropeladder________outandthreemenclimbingdownit.1995A.throwingB.beingthrownC.havingthrownD.havingbeenthrown9.Thismissileisdesignedsothatonce________,nothingcanbedonetoretrieveit.1995A.firedB.beingfiredC.theyfiredD.havingfired10.Arrivingatthebusstop,_________waitingthere.1994A.alotofpeoplewereB.hefoundalotofpeopleC.alotofpeopleD.peoplewerefound11.___________regulartraininginnursing,shecouldhardlycopewiththeworkatfirst.1994A.NotreceivedB.SincereceivingC.HavingreceivedD.Nothavingreceived12.___________,hewaschosenandtrainedasaprofessionalswimmer.(1991)A.HewasbornandraisedinafishingvillageB.BornandraisedinafishingvillageC.ThathewasbornandraisedinafishingvillageD.Inadditiontohewasbornandraisedinafishingvillage13.___________theirluggage,thegroupoftouristshurriedtotheairport.1991A.PackedB.AfterpackedC.FinishedpackingD.Havingpacked14.Themotherwasafraidtolettheboy__________thetree.1990A.toriskclimbingB.riskclimbingC.torisktoclimbD.risktoclimb15.Mr.Brownhadthereport________assoonashefinished___________it.1990A.tobetyped,towriteB.typed,towriteC.beingtyped,writingD.typed,writing考点4：独立主格（句中没有连接词，逗号分开两个句子，存在两个主语。形式：名词/代词＋分词）。(1)分词短语作状语时，有自己独立的逻辑上的“主语”，相当于各种形式的状语，表示一种伴随的动作、情况或表原因(2)介词（with）+名词+形容词，副词+分词，表示伴随行动做或补充说明1.Agricultureisthecountry’schiefsourceofwealth,wheat___________byfarthebiggestcerealcrop.2003A.isB.beenC.beD.being2.Time____________